Question 1

Which condition was the first genetic disorder to be associated with a mental disability?

Accepted Answer

A)  Autism 
B)  Schizophrenia 
C)  Phenylketonuria 
D)  Huntington's disease 
A)  Autism 
B)  Schizophrenia 
C)  Phenylketonuria 
D)  Huntington's disease

Question 2

Which of the following constitutes a gene?

Accepted Answer

A)  A pair of nucleotides 
B)  A sequence of amino acids 
C)  A length of DNA 
D)  A set of proteins 
A)  A pair of nucleotides 
B)  A sequence of amino acids 
C)  A length of DNA 
D)  A set of proteins

Question 3

Alcoholism is _______ , meaning that you are more likely to become an alcoholic if your parents have the condition..

Accepted Answer

The answer of Alcoholism is _______ , meaning that you...

Question 4

Mutations arise from

Accepted Answer

A)  mistakes in copying DNA from a parent when eggs or sperm are made. 
B)  exchanging of proteins during fertilization. 
C)  encoding of ribosomes during DNA generation. 
D)  faulty functioning of amino acids during conception. 
A)  mistakes in copying DNA from a parent when eggs or sperm are made. 
B)  exchanging of proteins during fertilization. 
C)  encoding of ribosomes during DNA generation. 
D)  faulty functioning of amino acids during conception.

Question 5

Which statement is most consistent with the concept of heritability of alcoholism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Any person with alcoholism in his or her family is likely to inherit the condition. 
B)  Alcoholism is heritable, but this does not mean that a person with alcoholism in his or her family is destined to also have the condition. 
C)  Alcoholism can run in families, but only when it is left untreated. 
D)  Alcoholism is not heritable; it is the result of environmental influence early in life. 
A)  Any person with alcoholism in his or her family is likely to inherit the condition. 
B)  Alcoholism is heritable, but this does not mean that a person with alcoholism in his or her family is destined to also have the condition. 
C)  Alcoholism can run in families, but only when it is left untreated. 
D)  Alcoholism is not heritable; it is the result of environmental influence early in life.

Question 6

Before the mechanisms behind PKU were known to science, infants that inherited the genes for the disorder almost always

Accepted Answer

A)  maintained a low body weight. 
B)  developed mental impairments. 
C)  grew to pass on the genes to offspring. 
D)  died before the age of ten. 
A)  maintained a low body weight. 
B)  developed mental impairments. 
C)  grew to pass on the genes to offspring. 
D)  died before the age of ten.

Question 7

Twin studies (studies of identical twins) are especially effective for examining the effect of what confounding variable in heritability research?

Accepted Answer

A)  The shared environments of relatives 
B)  The shared embryo of monozygotic twins 
C)  The differential effect of stress 
D)  The genetic influence of a single gene 
A)  The shared environments of relatives 
B)  The shared embryo of monozygotic twins 
C)  The differential effect of stress 
D)  The genetic influence of a single gene

Question 8

Your uncle has been stricken by delusions and is displaying strange, sweeping, involuntary movements of his arms and legs. He is most likely suffering from

Accepted Answer

A)  schizophrenia. 
B)  Huntington's disease. 
C)  Phenylketonuria (PKU). 
D)  Alzheimer's disease. 
A)  schizophrenia. 
B)  Huntington's disease. 
C)  Phenylketonuria (PKU). 
D)  Alzheimer's disease.

Question 9

A gene carries the information needed to

Accepted Answer

A)  link pairs of chromosomes. 
B)  break down essential proteins. 
C)  sequence chains of amino acids. 
D)  form combinations of nucleotides. 
A)  link pairs of chromosomes. 
B)  break down essential proteins. 
C)  sequence chains of amino acids. 
D)  form combinations of nucleotides.

Question 10

Schizophrenia most often presents itself at what stage?

Accepted Answer

A)  Early childhood, when parental influences are most significant 
B)  Late childhood, when genetics and family environment have the greatest impact 
C)  Early adulthood, when people begin to face the world on their own 
D)  Late adulthood, when brain and body cells are more susceptible to breaking down 
A)  Early childhood, when parental influences are most significant 
B)  Late childhood, when genetics and family environment have the greatest impact 
C)  Early adulthood, when people begin to face the world on their own 
D)  Late adulthood, when brain and body cells are more susceptible to breaking down

Question 11

Dizygotic twins

Accepted Answer

A)  have identical DNA. 
B)  appear to be identical. 
C)  rarely resemble each other. 
D)  grow from separate zygotes. 
A)  have identical DNA. 
B)  appear to be identical. 
C)  rarely resemble each other. 
D)  grow from separate zygotes.

Question 12

Rats whose mothers were attentive and licked them more frequently as pups tend to

Accepted Answer

A)  produce less stress hormone as adults. 
B)  produce more stress hormone as adults. 
C)  show some signs of embarrassment as pups. 
D)  show heightened response to stress as pups. 
A)  produce less stress hormone as adults. 
B)  produce more stress hormone as adults. 
C)  show some signs of embarrassment as pups. 
D)  show heightened response to stress as pups.

Question 13

The expression of genes

Accepted Answer

A)  is fully dictated by your phenotype. 
B)  is the same in different parts of your body. 
C)  is in proportion to the number of genes inherited by a particular cell. 
D)  is constantly changing in response to the environment. 
A)  is fully dictated by your phenotype. 
B)  is the same in different parts of your body. 
C)  is in proportion to the number of genes inherited by a particular cell. 
D)  is constantly changing in response to the environment.

Question 14

Which is the most likely reason that Hester was the first of the Genain quadruplets to develop schizophrenic symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Her genes were identical to her mother's. 
B)  She spent most of her time alone. 
C)  She had the highest birth weight of the quadruplets. 
D)  She had the lowest birth weight of the quadruplets. 
A)  Her genes were identical to her mother's. 
B)  She spent most of her time alone. 
C)  She had the highest birth weight of the quadruplets. 
D)  She had the lowest birth weight of the quadruplets.

Question 15

What conclusion is consistent with the results of twin studies of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Though monozygotic twins are more concordant for schizophrenia than dizygotic twins, genes account for only about 10 percent of the differences. 
B)  Differences in dizygotic genes account for about 90 percent of the instances of schizophrenia among family members. 
C)  Differences in genes account for about 50 percent of the differences between people, in cases of schizophrenia. 
D)  Differences in genes account for about 27 percent of the differences between people, in cases of schizophrenia. 
A)  Though monozygotic twins are more concordant for schizophrenia than dizygotic twins, genes account for only about 10 percent of the differences. 
B)  Differences in dizygotic genes account for about 90 percent of the instances of schizophrenia among family members. 
C)  Differences in genes account for about 50 percent of the differences between people, in cases of schizophrenia. 
D)  Differences in genes account for about 27 percent of the differences between people, in cases of schizophrenia.

Question 16

The molecule present in the chromosomes that "codes" hereditary information is called

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA. 
B)  cyclic AMP. 
C)  DNA. 
D)  adenosine triphosphate (ATP). 
A)  RNA. 
B)  cyclic AMP. 
C)  DNA. 
D)  adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Question 17

Dogs that release less corticosterone in response to stress may have had mothers that

Accepted Answer

A)  did not model effective stress responses. 
B)  had underdeveloped amygdalae. 
C)  were raised in stressful environments. 
D)  were attentive to their puppies. 
A)  did not model effective stress responses. 
B)  had underdeveloped amygdalae. 
C)  were raised in stressful environments. 
D)  were attentive to their puppies.

Question 18

A friend's parents are deaf. Because of what you know about alleles and deafness, you conclude that his parents have many dysfunctional _______ for hearing.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A friend's parents are deaf. Because of...

Question 19

A dominant allele affects the organism's

Accepted Answer

A)  phenotype, only if the organism carries two copies of that allele. 
B)  genotype, as long as a recessive allele for that gene is absent. 
C)  genotype, as long as a matching allele is present on the other chromosome. 
D)  phenotype, no matter what other allele for that gene the organism holds. 
A)  phenotype, only if the organism carries two copies of that allele. 
B)  genotype, as long as a recessive allele for that gene is absent. 
C)  genotype, as long as a matching allele is present on the other chromosome. 
D)  phenotype, no matter what other allele for that gene the organism holds.

Question 20

The effects of PKU are epigenetic because

Accepted Answer

A)  having two genes for PKU doubles the chances that phenylalanine will impact a child's brain development. 
B)  a child inherits two genes for PKU only when environmental conditions are favorable. 
C)  phenylalanine causes mental deficits even if a child inherits just one gene for PKU. 
D)  PKU is harmful only if a child ingests significant amounts of phenylalanine. 
A)  having two genes for PKU doubles the chances that phenylalanine will impact a child's brain development. 
B)  a child inherits two genes for PKU only when environmental conditions are favorable. 
C)  phenylalanine causes mental deficits even if a child inherits just one gene for PKU. 
D)  PKU is harmful only if a child ingests significant amounts of phenylalanine.

Which condition was the first genetic disorder to be associated with a mental disability?

Which of the following constitutes a gene?

Alcoholism is _______ , meaning that you are more likely to become an alcoholic if your parents have the condition..

Mutations arise from

Which statement is most consistent with the concept of heritability of alcoholism?

Before the mechanisms behind PKU were known to science, infants that inherited the genes for the disorder almost always

Twin studies (studies of identical twins) are especially effective for examining the effect of what confounding variable in heritability research?

Your uncle has been stricken by delusions and is displaying strange, sweeping, involuntary movements of his arms and legs. He is most likely suffering from

A gene carries the information needed to

Schizophrenia most often presents itself at what stage?

Dizygotic twins

Rats whose mothers were attentive and licked them more frequently as pups tend to

The expression of genes

Which is the most likely reason that Hester was the first of the Genain quadruplets to develop schizophrenic symptoms?

What conclusion is consistent with the results of twin studies of schizophrenia?

The molecule present in the chromosomes that "codes" hereditary information is called

Dogs that release less corticosterone in response to stress may have had mothers that

A friend's parents are deaf. Because of what you know about alleles and deafness, you conclude that his parents have many dysfunctional _______ for hearing.

A dominant allele affects the organism's

The effects of PKU are epigenetic because

Introduction: Principles of Psychology

Psychology As a Science

The Neuroscience of Behavior

Developmental Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Language and Cognition

Intelligence

Motivation and the Regulation of Behavior

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Personality

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Exam 4: Genes, Environment, and Behavior

Which condition was the first genetic disorder to be associated with a mental disability?

Which of the following constitutes a gene?

Alcoholism is _______ , meaning that you are more likely to become an alcoholic if your parents have the condition..

Mutations arise from

Which statement is most consistent with the concept of heritability of alcoholism?

Before the mechanisms behind PKU were known to science, infants that inherited the genes for the disorder almost always

Twin studies (studies of identical twins) are especially effective for examining the effect of what confounding variable in heritability research?

Your uncle has been stricken by delusions and is displaying strange, sweeping, involuntary movements of his arms and legs. He is most likely suffering from

A gene carries the information needed to

Schizophrenia most often presents itself at what stage?

Dizygotic twins

Rats whose mothers were attentive and licked them more frequently as pups tend to

The expression of genes

Which is the most likely reason that Hester was the first of the Genain quadruplets to develop schizophrenic symptoms?

What conclusion is consistent with the results of twin studies of schizophrenia?

The molecule present in the chromosomes that "codes" hereditary information is called

Dogs that release less corticosterone in response to stress may have had mothers that

A friend's parents are deaf. Because of what you know about alleles and deafness, you conclude that his parents have many dysfunctional _______ for hearing.

A dominant allele affects the organism's

The effects of PKU are epigenetic because

Introduction: Principles of Psychology

Psychology As a Science

The Neuroscience of Behavior

Developmental Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Language and Cognition

Intelligence

Motivation and the Regulation of Behavior

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Personality

Social Psychology

Clinical Psychology

Filters