Question 1

Which of the following is thought to be an important control on the rate at which metamorphic rocks return to the surface?

Accepted Answer

A)  climate 
B)  thermal subsidence 
C)  convective flow in the crust 
D)  mantle upwelling 
A)  climate 
B)  thermal subsidence 
C)  convective flow in the crust 
D)  mantle upwelling

Question 2

Which of the following statements best describes the behavior of rocks during deformation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brittle materials deform by faulting, whereas ductile materials deform by folding. 
B)  Brittle materials deform by folding, whereas ductile materials deform by faulting. 
C)  Both brittle and ductile materials deform by faulting. 
D)  Both brittle and ductile materials deform by folding. 
A)  Brittle materials deform by faulting, whereas ductile materials deform by folding. 
B)  Brittle materials deform by folding, whereas ductile materials deform by faulting. 
C)  Both brittle and ductile materials deform by faulting. 
D)  Both brittle and ductile materials deform by folding.

Question 3

The ___ is an imaginary surface that divides a fold as symmetrically as possible.

Accepted Answer

A)  fold axis 
B)  fold limb 
C)  axial plane 
A)  fold axis 
B)  fold limb 
C)  axial plane

Question 4

Granulite facies rocks commonly have a ___ texture.

Accepted Answer

A)  phyllitic 
B)  granoblastic 
C)  schistose 
A)  phyllitic 
B)  granoblastic 
C)  schistose

Question 5

Which of the metamorphic conditions listed result in blueschist facies metamorphism?

Accepted Answer

A)  moderate pressure and high temperature 
B)  low pressure and moderate temperature 
C)  high pressure and moderate temperature 
D)  low pressure and high temperature 
A)  moderate pressure and high temperature 
B)  low pressure and moderate temperature 
C)  high pressure and moderate temperature 
D)  low pressure and high temperature

Question 6

Downfolds, or troughs, of layered rock are called

Accepted Answer

A)  anticlines. 
B)  faults. 
C)  synclines. 
A)  anticlines. 
B)  faults. 
C)  synclines.

Question 7

-In the metamorphic map above, isograd B is the __________ isograd.

Accepted Answer

A)  garnet 
B)  mica 
C)  sillimanite 
D)  staurolite 
A)  garnet 
B)  mica 
C)  sillimanite 
D)  staurolite

Question 8

Which of the following forces is the most important in a rift valley?

Accepted Answer

A)  compressive 
B)  shearing 
C)  tensional 
A)  compressive 
B)  shearing 
C)  tensional

Question 9

Which of the following types of pressure results in the alignment of metamorphic minerals?

Accepted Answer

A)  pore pressure 
B)  directed pressure 
C)  confining pressure 
A)  pore pressure 
B)  directed pressure 
C)  confining pressure

Question 10

-In the metamorphic map above, what is zone A?

Accepted Answer

A)  biotite zone 
B)  kyanite zone 
C)  muscovite zone 
D)  quartz zone 
A)  biotite zone 
B)  kyanite zone 
C)  muscovite zone 
D)  quartz zone

Question 11

Units A, B, and C are sedimentary rocks; unit A is the oldest and unit C is the youngest. The sedimentary rocks are cut by a fault, indicated by the bold line. The fault dips 60° to the northwest as shown by the strike and dip symbol.
  
-Why is unit A wider north of the fault than it is south of the fault?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deeper levels of the structure are exposed on the north side of the fault. 
B)  Erosion has removed most of unit A south of the fault. 
C)  Faulting has thinned unit A south of the fault. 
D)  Unit A had a variable thickness prior to faulting. 
A)  Deeper levels of the structure are exposed on the north side of the fault. 
B)  Erosion has removed most of unit A south of the fault. 
C)  Faulting has thinned unit A south of the fault. 
D)  Unit A had a variable thickness prior to faulting.

Question 12

A low-angle reverse fault is called a ___ fault.

Accepted Answer

A)  normal 
B)  thrust 
C)  strike-slip 
A)  normal 
B)  thrust 
C)  strike-slip

Question 13

A plunging fold is one in which the

Accepted Answer

A)  fold axis is at an angle to the horizontal. 
B)  fold axis is horizontal. 
C)  axial plane is dipping at an angle from the horizontal. 
A)  fold axis is at an angle to the horizontal. 
B)  fold axis is horizontal. 
C)  axial plane is dipping at an angle from the horizontal.

Question 14

-What type of fault is depicted in the cross section above?

Accepted Answer

A)  left-lateral strike-slip fault 
B)  reverse fault 
C)  normal fault 
D)  right-lateral strike-slip fault 
A)  left-lateral strike-slip fault 
B)  reverse fault 
C)  normal fault 
D)  right-lateral strike-slip fault

Question 15

Which is an appropriate approximate value for the rate of pressure increase with increasing depth in Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.3 kilobars per kilometer (kbar/km) 
B)  1.6 kilobars per kilometer (kbar/km) 
C)  0.001 kilobars per kilometer (kbar/km) 
D)  5.7 kilobars per kilometer (kbar/km) 
A)  0.3 kilobars per kilometer (kbar/km) 
B)  1.6 kilobars per kilometer (kbar/km) 
C)  0.001 kilobars per kilometer (kbar/km) 
D)  5.7 kilobars per kilometer (kbar/km)

Question 16

Units A, B, and C are sedimentary rocks; unit A is the oldest and unit C is the youngest. The sedimentary rocks are cut by a fault, indicated by the bold line. The fault dips 60° to the northwest as shown by the strike and dip symbol.
  
-What type of structure is shown in the geologic map?

Accepted Answer

A)  a faulted anticline 
B)  a faulted syncline 
C)  a folded strike-slip fault 
D)  The structure cannot be determined from the information given. 
A)  a faulted anticline 
B)  a faulted syncline 
C)  a folded strike-slip fault 
D)  The structure cannot be determined from the information given.

Question 17

What geologic conditions are necessary to produce shock metamorphism?

Accepted Answer

A)  high-pressure subduction zone conditions 
B)  high-temperature conditions at a volcanic arc 
C)  extremely high pressure metamorphism caused by a meteorite impact 
A)  high-pressure subduction zone conditions 
B)  high-temperature conditions at a volcanic arc 
C)  extremely high pressure metamorphism caused by a meteorite impact

Question 18

Which of the index minerals listed is indicative of the highest metamorphic grade?

Accepted Answer

A)  chlorite 
B)  muscovite 
C)  sillimanite 
D)  kyanite 
A)  chlorite 
B)  muscovite 
C)  sillimanite 
D)  kyanite

Question 19

The change in a rock's chemical composition as a result of fluid transport during metamorphism is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  metasomatism. 
B)  prograde metamorphism. 
C)  exhumation. 
A)  metasomatism. 
B)  prograde metamorphism. 
C)  exhumation.

Question 20

How many measurements does it take to describe the orientation of a rock layer exposed at a given location?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three

Which of the following is thought to be an important control on the rate at which metamorphic rocks return to the surface?

Which of the following statements best describes the behavior of rocks during deformation?

The ___ is an imaginary surface that divides a fold as symmetrically as possible.

Granulite facies rocks commonly have a ___ texture.

Which of the metamorphic conditions listed result in blueschist facies metamorphism?

Downfolds, or troughs, of layered rock are called

-In the metamorphic map above, isograd B is the __________ isograd.

Which of the following forces is the most important in a rift valley?

Which of the following types of pressure results in the alignment of metamorphic minerals?

-In the metamorphic map above, what is zone A?

A low-angle reverse fault is called a ___ fault.

A plunging fold is one in which the

-What type of fault is depicted in the cross section above?

Which is an appropriate approximate value for the rate of pressure increase with increasing depth in Earth?

Units A, B, and C are sedimentary rocks; unit A is the oldest and unit C is the youngest. The sedimentary rocks are cut by a fault, indicated by the bold line. The fault dips 60° to the northwest as shown by the strike and dip symbol. -What type of structure is shown in the geologic map?

What geologic conditions are necessary to produce shock metamorphism?

Which of the index minerals listed is indicative of the highest metamorphic grade?

The change in a rock's chemical composition as a result of fluid transport during metamorphism is referred to as

How many measurements does it take to describe the orientation of a rock layer exposed at a given location?

Why We Study Earth

How We Study Earth

Plate Tectonics: The Unifying Theory of Geology

Earth Materials: Minerals and Rocks

Igneous Processes and Volcanism

Sedimentation: Rocks Formed by Surface Processes

Timing the Geologic Record

History of Earth

The Climate System and Glaciation

The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater

Shaping Earths Surface: Streams, Coastlines, and Wind

Earthquakes and Earth Structure

Human Impact on Earths Environment

Filters

Exam 7: Deformation and Metamorphism

Which of the following is thought to be an important control on the rate at which metamorphic rocks return to the surface?

Which of the following statements best describes the behavior of rocks during deformation?

The ___ is an imaginary surface that divides a fold as symmetrically as possible.

Granulite facies rocks commonly have a ___ texture.

Which of the metamorphic conditions listed result in blueschist facies metamorphism?

Downfolds, or troughs, of layered rock are called

-In the metamorphic map above, isograd B is the __________ isograd.

Which of the following forces is the most important in a rift valley?

Which of the following types of pressure results in the alignment of metamorphic minerals?

-In the metamorphic map above, what is zone A?

A low-angle reverse fault is called a ___ fault.

A plunging fold is one in which the

-What type of fault is depicted in the cross section above?

Which is an appropriate approximate value for the rate of pressure increase with increasing depth in Earth?

Units A, B, and C are sedimentary rocks; unit A is the oldest and unit C is the youngest. The sedimentary rocks are cut by a fault, indicated by the bold line. The fault dips 60° to the northwest as shown by the strike and dip symbol. -What type of structure is shown in the geologic map?

What geologic conditions are necessary to produce shock metamorphism?

Which of the index minerals listed is indicative of the highest metamorphic grade?

The change in a rock's chemical composition as a result of fluid transport during metamorphism is referred to as

How many measurements does it take to describe the orientation of a rock layer exposed at a given location?

Why We Study Earth

How We Study Earth

Plate Tectonics: The Unifying Theory of Geology

Earth Materials: Minerals and Rocks

Igneous Processes and Volcanism

Sedimentation: Rocks Formed by Surface Processes

Timing the Geologic Record

History of Earth

The Climate System and Glaciation

The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater

Shaping Earths Surface: Streams, Coastlines, and Wind

Earthquakes and Earth Structure

Human Impact on Earths Environment

Filters