Exam 7: The Trait Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

"If asked why Carol hugged Tom,we say it is because Carol is affectionate; however,if asked how we know Carol is affectionate,we say it is because she hugged Tom." This example is used to criticize which approach to personality?

Test-takers who "fake good"

Which of the following is not a psychogenic need?

The projective test that Murray developed the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT).

Andrew has strong opinions and enjoys a good argument in which he can stand up for his beliefs. He prefers to work where he can compete with others,rather than an organization that stresses cooperation. Andrew would probably score low on a measure of

While research shows that personalities continue to develop,the changes are gradual,evolving over a period of years.

A woman indicates on a test that she agrees with the statement,"I am confident in my abilities." Later on the same test she agrees with the statement,"I have doubts about my abilities." This woman's responses may indicate the presence of which potential problem?

Sometimes a man with a high need for Affiliation will engage in social interactions,but sometimes he will not.According to Murray,what determines the man's affiliation behavior?

Alicia has an active imagination and a strong intellectual curiosity. She likes new ideas and unconventional ways of looking at problems. Alicia is probably high in

Critics of the trait approach to personality have raised each of the following points except one.Which one?

Rather than examine a large number of personality variables that may or may not be related to how well people perform in the workplace,many researchers now address the questions of job performance and personality

Discuss several ways in which the trait approach differs from other approaches to personality. Distinguish the special features of the trait and what it emphasizes,including the advantages of studying personality through the trait approach.

To determine the basic structure of personality,researchers often use

Traits were introduced into the field of personality psychology by

To discover the structure of personality,Cattell used a sophisticated statistical technique called correlation analysis.

One team of researchers improved its ability to predict behavior from personality measures by dividing participants into those for whom the trait is and is not relevant.This approach is similar to that advocated earlier by

Describe two of your best friends in terms of the Big Five factors. For each friend,state where that person fits along each of the dimensions. Give two ways that Henry Murray and Raymond Cattell influenced this model.

Sometimes test makers reverse the direction of the test items.That is,whereas sometimes agreeing with an item indicates a high score on the trait being measured,sometimes disagreeing with the item indicates a high score.Test makers do this to control for which potential problem?

Recent research on the "Big Five" personality factors uses an approach to understanding personality similar to that advocated by

According to critics of the five-factor model of personality,