Question 1

Compared to the results obtained using other research methods,the results from twin-study research

Accepted Answer

A) probably underestimate the role of genetics in personality. 
B) make a stronger case for the role of genetic influences on personality. 
C) are less subject to criticisms about underlying assumptions. 
D) often are not replicated. 
A) probably underestimate the role of genetics in personality. 
B) make a stronger case for the role of genetic influences on personality. 
C) are less subject to criticisms about underlying assumptions. 
D) often are not replicated. B

Question 2

A researcher reports that men in this country tend to marry younger women and women tend to marry older men.This finding might be used to support which theory?

Accepted Answer

A) Eysenck's theory of personality 
B) The five-factor model 
C) The goodness of fit model 
D) Evolutionary personality theory 
A) Eysenck's theory of personality 
B) The five-factor model 
C) The goodness of fit model 
D) Evolutionary personality theory D

Question 3

Which of the following research findings do advocates of evolutionary personality theory point to as strong evidence for their interpretation of mate selection?

Accepted Answer

A) Most people eventually get married and have children. 
B) College students today tend to get married for the same reasons college students got married a generation ago. 
C) Men and women say they look for just about the same qualities in their spouses. 
D) The qualities people say they look for in their spouses are the same reported by men and women from many different cultures. 
A) Most people eventually get married and have children. 
B) College students today tend to get married for the same reasons college students got married a generation ago. 
C) Men and women say they look for just about the same qualities in their spouses. 
D) The qualities people say they look for in their spouses are the same reported by men and women from many different cultures. D

Question 4

According to evolutionary personality theory,men and women base their choice of romantic partners in part on concerns for "parental investment." This means we

Accepted Answer

A) want the parents of our spouses to be involved in the raising of our children. 
B) select mates who are likely to contribute to successful reproduction and child-raising. 
C) consider what the parents of our potential partners are like because personality is partly inherited from one's parents. 
D) prefer partners for whom both parents were actively involved with their children. 
A) want the parents of our spouses to be involved in the raising of our children. 
B) select mates who are likely to contribute to successful reproduction and child-raising. 
C) consider what the parents of our potential partners are like because personality is partly inherited from one's parents. 
D) prefer partners for whom both parents were actively involved with their children.

Question 5

According to the parental investment model,women prefer men who are

Accepted Answer

A) the same age they are. 
B) capable of achieving financial security. 
C) physically attractive. 
D) gentle and sensitive to their needs. 
A) the same age they are. 
B) capable of achieving financial security. 
C) physically attractive. 
D) gentle and sensitive to their needs.

Question 6

How do most personality researchers phrase the "nature-nurture" question today?

Accepted Answer

A) Which determines personality-genetics or the environment? 
B) Which is more important in determining personality-genetics or the environment? 
C) To what extent are our personalities influenced by genetics? 
D) To what extent and how do both genetics and the environment influence personality? 
A) Which determines personality-genetics or the environment? 
B) Which is more important in determining personality-genetics or the environment? 
C) To what extent are our personalities influenced by genetics? 
D) To what extent and how do both genetics and the environment influence personality?

Question 7

For both technological reasons and ethical reasons,it is not possible to manipulate people's genes and observe the kind of adult they become.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following hypothetical research findings would present a problem for researchers trying to interpret results from a twin-study design?

Accepted Answer

A) Parents of monozygotic twins treat the two twins more alike than do parents of dizygotic twins. 
B) Dizygotic twins don't look as much like one another as do monozygotic twins. 
C) Parents treat female pairs of twins differently than they treat male twins. 
D) There are more dizygotic twins born each year than monozygotic twins. 
A) Parents of monozygotic twins treat the two twins more alike than do parents of dizygotic twins. 
B) Dizygotic twins don't look as much like one another as do monozygotic twins. 
C) Parents treat female pairs of twins differently than they treat male twins. 
D) There are more dizygotic twins born each year than monozygotic twins.

Question 9

For extraverts,friends often serve as an important buffer against stress. This finding supports the idea that extraverts

Accepted Answer

A) are generally more anxious than introverts. 
B) often find interacting with friends an unpleasant experience. 
C) are less sensitive to information about rewards than introverts. 
D) have higher positive affect due to greater social activity. 
A) are generally more anxious than introverts. 
B) often find interacting with friends an unpleasant experience. 
C) are less sensitive to information about rewards than introverts. 
D) have higher positive affect due to greater social activity.

Question 10

A team of researchers examined where extraverts and introverts sat in the library. Which of the following did the team find?

Accepted Answer

A) Extraverts preferred open, accessible locations, whereas introverts preferred isolated locations. 
B) Introverts preferred open, accessible locations, whereas extraverts preferred isolated locations. 
C) Extraverts enjoyed open, accessible locations better, but got more work done in an isolated location. 
D) a clear pattern for extraverts, but no preferred location for introverts 
A) Extraverts preferred open, accessible locations, whereas introverts preferred isolated locations. 
B) Introverts preferred open, accessible locations, whereas extraverts preferred isolated locations. 
C) Extraverts enjoyed open, accessible locations better, but got more work done in an isolated location. 
D) a clear pattern for extraverts, but no preferred location for introverts

Question 11

We can safely say that one result of the human male's preference in mate selection is that

Accepted Answer

A) women share intimate secrets about their sexual encounters. 
B) women compete for promotions in the workplace. 
C) women will compete for a man's attention. 
D) all of these 
A) women share intimate secrets about their sexual encounters. 
B) women compete for promotions in the workplace. 
C) women will compete for a man's attention. 
D) all of these

Question 12

One reason twin studies produce higher estimates of heritability than some other methods may be that the twin studies

Accepted Answer

A) capture nonadditive effects of genetics. 
B) often incorrectly classify dizygotic and monozygotic twins. 
C) are based on small samples. 
D) overlook gender differences. 
A) capture nonadditive effects of genetics. 
B) often incorrectly classify dizygotic and monozygotic twins. 
C) are based on small samples. 
D) overlook gender differences.

Question 13

As reported in the textbook,research demonstrating a genetic influence on a person's level of extraversion-introversion comes primarily from research

Accepted Answer

A) using the twin-study method. 
B) comparing adopted children and biological children to their parents. 
C) comparing strength of relationship with similarity of personality scores. 
D) comparing adopted children's personalities with the personalities of their biological parents. 
A) using the twin-study method. 
B) comparing adopted children and biological children to their parents. 
C) comparing strength of relationship with similarity of personality scores. 
D) comparing adopted children's personalities with the personalities of their biological parents.

Question 14

Which of the following kinds of data provides the weakest scientific evidence for a genetic influence on personality?

Accepted Answer

A) Twin-study data 
B) Similarity between personalities of parents and children raised by their parents 
C) Adoption studies data 
D) Comparing personalities of twins separated at birth 
A) Twin-study data 
B) Similarity between personalities of parents and children raised by their parents 
C) Adoption studies data 
D) Comparing personalities of twins separated at birth

Question 15

Extraversion has one of the strongest genetic components of any personality variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

One team of investigators examined where extraverts and introverts sat in the library.They based their predictions on which of the following notions?

Accepted Answer

A) Extraverts enjoy people more than introverts do. 
B) Introverts are more likely to study in the library than extraverts. 
C) Extraverts and introverts have different levels of preferred arousal and different sensitivity to stimulation. 
D) Introverts are less spontaneous than extraverts. 
A) Extraverts enjoy people more than introverts do. 
B) Introverts are more likely to study in the library than extraverts. 
C) Extraverts and introverts have different levels of preferred arousal and different sensitivity to stimulation. 
D) Introverts are less spontaneous than extraverts.

Question 17

One reason for the resistance by psychologists to acknowledge the important role of biology in human personality is that the

Accepted Answer

A) biological determinants of personality matter little. 
B) blank slate view has such great appeal. 
C) field of psychology is determined to remain separate from biology. 
D) results of biologically-based research can always be explained without reference to genetic factors. 
A) biological determinants of personality matter little. 
B) blank slate view has such great appeal. 
C) field of psychology is determined to remain separate from biology. 
D) results of biologically-based research can always be explained without reference to genetic factors.

Question 18

Those acquaintances of yours who prefer quiet and perhaps isolated rooms in which to study are,according to research,more likely to be

Accepted Answer

A) neurotics. 
B) extraverts. 
C) introverts 
D) of no particular personality. 
A) neurotics. 
B) extraverts. 
C) introverts 
D) of no particular personality.

Question 19

Research has found that extraverts are not always happier than introverts. Why not?

Accepted Answer

A) Extraverts are more likely to be impulsive. 
B) Extraverts are more likely to be socially active. 
C) Introverts do not involve themselves in activities that increase feelings of competence and worth. 
D) Extraverts are more sensitive to positive feedback. 
A) Extraverts are more likely to be impulsive. 
B) Extraverts are more likely to be socially active. 
C) Introverts do not involve themselves in activities that increase feelings of competence and worth. 
D) Extraverts are more sensitive to positive feedback.

Question 20

Discuss what men look for in women and describe the research that supports the evolutionary basis of mate selection in men. Discuss what women look for in men and describe the research that supports the evolutionary basis of mate selection in women.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss what men look for in women...

Compared to the results obtained using other research methods,the results from twin-study research

A researcher reports that men in this country tend to marry younger women and women tend to marry older men.This finding might be used to support which theory?

Which of the following research findings do advocates of evolutionary personality theory point to as strong evidence for their interpretation of mate selection?

According to evolutionary personality theory,men and women base their choice of romantic partners in part on concerns for "parental investment." This means we

According to the parental investment model,women prefer men who are

How do most personality researchers phrase the "nature-nurture" question today?

For both technological reasons and ethical reasons,it is not possible to manipulate people's genes and observe the kind of adult they become.

Which of the following hypothetical research findings would present a problem for researchers trying to interpret results from a twin-study design?

For extraverts,friends often serve as an important buffer against stress. This finding supports the idea that extraverts

A team of researchers examined where extraverts and introverts sat in the library. Which of the following did the team find?

We can safely say that one result of the human male's preference in mate selection is that

One reason twin studies produce higher estimates of heritability than some other methods may be that the twin studies

As reported in the textbook,research demonstrating a genetic influence on a person's level of extraversion-introversion comes primarily from research

Which of the following kinds of data provides the weakest scientific evidence for a genetic influence on personality?

Extraversion has one of the strongest genetic components of any personality variable.

One team of investigators examined where extraverts and introverts sat in the library.They based their predictions on which of the following notions?

One reason for the resistance by psychologists to acknowledge the important role of biology in human personality is that the

Those acquaintances of yours who prefer quiet and perhaps isolated rooms in which to study are,according to research,more likely to be

Research has found that extraverts are not always happier than introverts. Why not?

Discuss what men look for in women and describe the research that supports the evolutionary basis of mate selection in men. Discuss what women look for in men and describe the research that supports the evolutionary basis of mate selection in women.

What Is Personality?

Personality Research Methods

The Psychoanalytic Approach: Freudian Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Freudian Approach: Relevant Research

The Psychoanalytic Approach: Neo-Freudian Theory, Application, and Assessment

Neo-Freudian Theories: Relevant Research

The Trait Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Trait Approach: Relevant Research

The Biological Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Humanistic Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Humanistic Approach: Relevant Research

The Behavioral/Social Learning Approach: Theory,Application,and Assessment

The Behavioral Social Learning Approach: Relevant Research

The Cognitive Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Cognitive Approach: Relevant Research

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Exam 10: The Biological Approach: Relevant Research

Compared to the results obtained using other research methods,the results from twin-study research

A researcher reports that men in this country tend to marry younger women and women tend to marry older men.This finding might be used to support which theory?

Which of the following research findings do advocates of evolutionary personality theory point to as strong evidence for their interpretation of mate selection?

According to evolutionary personality theory,men and women base their choice of romantic partners in part on concerns for "parental investment." This means we

According to the parental investment model,women prefer men who are

How do most personality researchers phrase the "nature-nurture" question today?

For both technological reasons and ethical reasons,it is not possible to manipulate people's genes and observe the kind of adult they become.

Which of the following hypothetical research findings would present a problem for researchers trying to interpret results from a twin-study design?

For extraverts,friends often serve as an important buffer against stress. This finding supports the idea that extraverts

A team of researchers examined where extraverts and introverts sat in the library. Which of the following did the team find?

We can safely say that one result of the human male's preference in mate selection is that

One reason twin studies produce higher estimates of heritability than some other methods may be that the twin studies

As reported in the textbook,research demonstrating a genetic influence on a person's level of extraversion-introversion comes primarily from research

Which of the following kinds of data provides the weakest scientific evidence for a genetic influence on personality?

Extraversion has one of the strongest genetic components of any personality variable.

One team of investigators examined where extraverts and introverts sat in the library.They based their predictions on which of the following notions?

One reason for the resistance by psychologists to acknowledge the important role of biology in human personality is that the

Those acquaintances of yours who prefer quiet and perhaps isolated rooms in which to study are,according to research,more likely to be

Research has found that extraverts are not always happier than introverts. Why not?

Discuss what men look for in women and describe the research that supports the evolutionary basis of mate selection in men. Discuss what women look for in men and describe the research that supports the evolutionary basis of mate selection in women.

What Is Personality?

Personality Research Methods

The Psychoanalytic Approach: Freudian Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Freudian Approach: Relevant Research

The Psychoanalytic Approach: Neo-Freudian Theory, Application, and Assessment

Neo-Freudian Theories: Relevant Research

The Trait Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Trait Approach: Relevant Research

The Biological Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Humanistic Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Humanistic Approach: Relevant Research

The Behavioral/Social Learning Approach: Theory,Application,and Assessment

The Behavioral Social Learning Approach: Relevant Research

The Cognitive Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Cognitive Approach: Relevant Research

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