Question 1

Which of the following skills develops at the fastest pace during early childhood?

Accepted Answer

A)  giving directions 
B)  drawing pictures 
C)  recognizing geometric shapes 
D)  using language 
A)  giving directions 
B)  drawing pictures 
C)  recognizing geometric shapes 
D)  using language

Question 2

Which of the following 3-year-olds is most likely to share a bedroom with a sibling?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dante, who is African American 
B)  Ruby, who is Hispanic 
C)  Jacob, who is Caucasian 
D)  Jing, who is Asian American 
A)  Dante, who is African American 
B)  Ruby, who is Hispanic 
C)  Jacob, who is Caucasian 
D)  Jing, who is Asian American

Question 3

Between the ages of 2 and 3 years, most children learn how to

Accepted Answer

A)  push a riding toy with their feet. 
B)  use a knife to cut soft foods. 
C)  tie their shoes. 
D)  pedal and steer a tricycle. 
A)  push a riding toy with their feet. 
B)  use a knife to cut soft foods. 
C)  tie their shoes. 
D)  pedal and steer a tricycle.

Question 4

Research on sleep demonstrates that

Accepted Answer

A)  most American parents cosleep with their children into the preschool years. 
B)  sleepwalking in early childhood often signals a severe neurological problem. 
C)  parent-child cosleeping is associated with sleep disorders during the preschool years. 
D)  sleep terrors can be triggered by stress or extreme fatigue. 
A)  most American parents cosleep with their children into the preschool years. 
B)  sleepwalking in early childhood often signals a severe neurological problem. 
C)  parent-child cosleeping is associated with sleep disorders during the preschool years. 
D)  sleep terrors can be triggered by stress or extreme fatigue.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about preventing childhood injury is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  During the past several decades, parents have changed a great deal in how much they do to protect their children from injury. 
B)  In the United States, 84 percent of infant seats and 40 percent of child booster seats are improperly used. 
C)  In the United States, 12 percent of parents fail to place their children in car safety seats. 
D)  Young children properly restrained in car safety seats have a 50 percent reduced risk of fatal injury. 
A)  During the past several decades, parents have changed a great deal in how much they do to protect their children from injury. 
B)  In the United States, 84 percent of infant seats and 40 percent of child booster seats are improperly used. 
C)  In the United States, 12 percent of parents fail to place their children in car safety seats. 
D)  Young children properly restrained in car safety seats have a 50 percent reduced risk of fatal injury.

Question 6

The amygdala

Accepted Answer

A)  supports smooth coordination of movements on both sides of the body. 
B)  plays a vital role in memory and in images of space that help us find our way. 
C)  aids in balance and control of body movement. 
D)  is sensitive to facial emotional expressions, especially fear. 
A)  supports smooth coordination of movements on both sides of the body. 
B)  plays a vital role in memory and in images of space that help us find our way. 
C)  aids in balance and control of body movement. 
D)  is sensitive to facial emotional expressions, especially fear.

Question 7

Three-year-old Billy caught five colds during his first year in preschool. He also experienced repeated otitis media. If Billy is like other children with frequent otitis media, he may have trouble

Accepted Answer

A)  attending to others' speech. 
B)  falling and staying asleep. 
C)  mastering large motor skills, such as running and climbing. 
D)  identifying the letters of the alphabet. 
A)  attending to others' speech. 
B)  falling and staying asleep. 
C)  mastering large motor skills, such as running and climbing. 
D)  identifying the letters of the alphabet.

Question 8

Between ages 2 and 6,

Accepted Answer

A)  the brain increases from 40 percent of its adult weight to 60 percent. 
B)  synaptic pruning slows or ends in many parts of the cerebral cortex. 
C)  energy consumption of most cortical regions diminishes to near-adult levels. 
D)  the brain increases from 70 percent of its adult weight to 90 percent. 
A)  the brain increases from 40 percent of its adult weight to 60 percent. 
B)  synaptic pruning slows or ends in many parts of the cerebral cortex. 
C)  energy consumption of most cortical regions diminishes to near-adult levels. 
D)  the brain increases from 70 percent of its adult weight to 90 percent.

Question 9

Perhaps the most complex self-help skill of early childhood is

Accepted Answer

A)  self-dressing. 
B)  shoe tying. 
C)  self-feeding. 
D)  tooth brushing. 
A)  self-dressing. 
B)  shoe tying. 
C)  self-feeding. 
D)  tooth brushing.

Question 10

__________ are at greater risk for injury than __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Three- to 5-year-old girls; 3- to 5-year-old boys 
B)  Children with easy temperaments; irritable children 
C)  Middle-SES children; low-SES children 
D)  U.S. children from advantaged families; children in Western Europe 
A)  Three- to 5-year-old girls; 3- to 5-year-old boys 
B)  Children with easy temperaments; irritable children 
C)  Middle-SES children; low-SES children 
D)  U.S. children from advantaged families; children in Western Europe

Question 11

Cross-cultural research indicates that children benefit from __________ in learning to draw.

Accepted Answer

A)  exposure to a rich variety of art materials 
B)  freedom to use self-expression 
C)  independence 
D)  adult guidance 
A)  exposure to a rich variety of art materials 
B)  freedom to use self-expression 
C)  independence 
D)  adult guidance

Question 12

An __________ of __________ during early childhood supports plasticity of the young brain, helping to ensure the child will acquire certain abilities even if some areas are damaged.

Accepted Answer

A)  underproduction; neurons 
B)  underproduction; synapses 
C)  overproduction; neurons 
D)  overabundance; synaptic connections 
A)  underproduction; neurons 
B)  underproduction; synapses 
C)  overproduction; neurons 
D)  overabundance; synaptic connections

Question 13

Childhood injuries

Accepted Answer

A)  are typically "accidental" and usually cannot be prevented. 
B)  occur within a complex ecological system and can often be prevented. 
C)  rank second only to cancer as a cause of childhood mortality in industrialized nations. 
D)  are less common in the United States than in other industrialized nations. 
A)  are typically "accidental" and usually cannot be prevented. 
B)  occur within a complex ecological system and can often be prevented. 
C)  rank second only to cancer as a cause of childhood mortality in industrialized nations. 
D)  are less common in the United States than in other industrialized nations.

Question 14

Felicity and Samantha are identical twins. They are

Accepted Answer

A)  probably both right-handed. 
B)  more likely than ordinary siblings to differ in hand preference. 
C)  probably both left-handed. 
D)  less likely than fraternal twins to differ in hand preference. 
A)  probably both right-handed. 
B)  more likely than ordinary siblings to differ in hand preference. 
C)  probably both left-handed. 
D)  less likely than fraternal twins to differ in hand preference.

Question 15

For the left-handed 10 percent of the population, language is

Accepted Answer

A)  always housed in the right hemisphere. 
B)  always housed in the left hemisphere. 
C)  most often housed in the right hemisphere. 
D)  most often shared between the hemispheres. 
A)  always housed in the right hemisphere. 
B)  always housed in the left hemisphere. 
C)  most often housed in the right hemisphere. 
D)  most often shared between the hemispheres.

Question 16

In developing countries,

Accepted Answer

A)  vaccines weaken the immune system and children's susceptibility to disease. 
B)  most childhood deaths due to diarrhea can be prevented with oral rehydration therapy (ORT). 
C)  most children receive government-funded immunizations. 
D)  widespread diarrhea leads to growth stunting but rarely to death. 
A)  vaccines weaken the immune system and children's susceptibility to disease. 
B)  most childhood deaths due to diarrhea can be prevented with oral rehydration therapy (ORT). 
C)  most children receive government-funded immunizations. 
D)  widespread diarrhea leads to growth stunting but rarely to death.

Question 17

Research on lead exposure during childhood reveals that

Accepted Answer

A)  middle-SES children are more likely than low-SES children to experience lead exposure. 
B)  use of iron and zinc supplements increases lead concentration in the blood. 
C)  persistent childhood lead exposure is linked to diabetes in adulthood. 
D)  a stressed, disorganized home life seems to heighten lead-induced damage. 
A)  middle-SES children are more likely than low-SES children to experience lead exposure. 
B)  use of iron and zinc supplements increases lead concentration in the blood. 
C)  persistent childhood lead exposure is linked to diabetes in adulthood. 
D)  a stressed, disorganized home life seems to heighten lead-induced damage.

Question 18

As children's bodies become more streamlined and less top-heavy,

Accepted Answer

A)  balance improves greatly. 
B)  their center of gravity shifts upward. 
C)  gross-motor development slows. 
D)  fine-motor development slows. 
A)  balance improves greatly. 
B)  their center of gravity shifts upward. 
C)  gross-motor development slows. 
D)  fine-motor development slows.

Question 19

Anya, age 4, is asked to draw a picture of a person. She will probably

Accepted Answer

A)  draw a circular shape with lines attached, and add features such as eyes, nose, mouth, and hair. 
B)  make a realistically detailed image with primitive drawing techniques. 
C)  draw a large head with facial features but no body. 
D)  use depth cues, such as overlapping objects, in the background. 
A)  draw a circular shape with lines attached, and add features such as eyes, nose, mouth, and hair. 
B)  make a realistically detailed image with primitive drawing techniques. 
C)  draw a large head with facial features but no body. 
D)  use depth cues, such as overlapping objects, in the background.

Question 20

Which of the following U.S. children is most likely to get his or her permanent teeth first?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brooke, an obese girl 
B)  Malik, an undernourished boy 
C)  Jack, a well-nourished boy of average weight 
D)  Sasha, an undernourished girl 
A)  Brooke, an obese girl 
B)  Malik, an undernourished boy 
C)  Jack, a well-nourished boy of average weight 
D)  Sasha, an undernourished girl

Which of the following skills develops at the fastest pace during early childhood?

Which of the following 3-year-olds is most likely to share a bedroom with a sibling?

Between the ages of 2 and 3 years, most children learn how to

Research on sleep demonstrates that

Which of the following statements about preventing childhood injury is true?

The amygdala

Three-year-old Billy caught five colds during his first year in preschool. He also experienced repeated otitis media. If Billy is like other children with frequent otitis media, he may have trouble

Between ages 2 and 6,

Perhaps the most complex self-help skill of early childhood is

are at greater risk for injury than .

Cross-cultural research indicates that children benefit from __________ in learning to draw.

An of during early childhood supports plasticity of the young brain, helping to ensure the child will acquire certain abilities even if some areas are damaged.

Childhood injuries

Felicity and Samantha are identical twins. They are

For the left-handed 10 percent of the population, language is

In developing countries,

Research on lead exposure during childhood reveals that

As children's bodies become more streamlined and less top-heavy,

Anya, age 4, is asked to draw a picture of a person. She will probably

Which of the following U.S. children is most likely to get his or her permanent teeth first?

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Filters

Exam 8: Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Which of the following skills develops at the fastest pace during early childhood?

Which of the following 3-year-olds is most likely to share a bedroom with a sibling?

Between the ages of 2 and 3 years, most children learn how to

Research on sleep demonstrates that

Which of the following statements about preventing childhood injury is true?

The amygdala

Three-year-old Billy caught five colds during his first year in preschool. He also experienced repeated otitis media. If Billy is like other children with frequent otitis media, he may have trouble

Between ages 2 and 6,

Perhaps the most complex self-help skill of early childhood is

__________ are at greater risk for injury than __________.

Cross-cultural research indicates that children benefit from __________ in learning to draw.

An __________ of __________ during early childhood supports plasticity of the young brain, helping to ensure the child will acquire certain abilities even if some areas are damaged.

Childhood injuries

Felicity and Samantha are identical twins. They are

For the left-handed 10 percent of the population, language is

In developing countries,

Research on lead exposure during childhood reveals that

As children's bodies become more streamlined and less top-heavy,

Anya, age 4, is asked to draw a picture of a person. She will probably

Which of the following U.S. children is most likely to get his or her permanent teeth first?

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Filters

are at greater risk for injury than .

An of during early childhood supports plasticity of the young brain, helping to ensure the child will acquire certain abilities even if some areas are damaged.