Question 1

E.O.Wilson coined the term ______ for our innate appreciation of wild environments and living organisms.

Accepted Answer

A)  bioremediation 
B)  bioethics 
C)  biophilia 
D)  biophobia 
A)  bioremediation 
B)  bioethics 
C)  biophilia 
D)  biophobia

Question 2

As a result of a severe disturbance,a community will ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  not be repopulated 
B)  be replaced by a community that is completely different from the previous community 
C)  not recover for thousands of years 
D)  undergo succession 
A)  not be repopulated 
B)  be replaced by a community that is completely different from the previous community 
C)  not recover for thousands of years 
D)  undergo succession

Question 3

The primary goal of conservation biology is to ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  catalog species 
B)  maximize the land set aside for wildlife 
C)  integrate human culture back into nature 
D)  counter the loss of biodiversity 
A)  catalog species 
B)  maximize the land set aside for wildlife 
C)  integrate human culture back into nature 
D)  counter the loss of biodiversity

Question 4

Small areas that have a large number of endangered and threatened species are referred to as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  biologically magnified 
B)  endemic environments 
C)  biodiverse environments 
D)  biodiversity hot spots 
A)  biologically magnified 
B)  endemic environments 
C)  biodiverse environments 
D)  biodiversity hot spots

Question 5

Use the following information to answer the following question(s).
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a unicellular eukaryotic organism belonging to the genus Plasmodium. These eukaryotic organisms are transmitted from one person to another by the female Anopheles mosquito when it feeds on human blood. Within humans, the Plasmodium spp. destroy red blood cells and, without effective treatment, serious infections can lead to death. Currently, more than 400 million people are afflicted with malaria and between 1 to 3 million people die from it each year. Historically, a chemical compound called quinine has been used in developing effective drugs against malaria. In its natural environment, quinine is produced by certain trees native to South America. This chemical is synthesized in the outer layer of tree trunks and acts as an herbivore deterrent.
-Despite being used for many years,quinine-based drugs have not led to the eradication of malaria and currently there are mosquitoes that are resistant to the compound. Which of the following were likely important in the development of this resistance to quinine?

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection 
B)  mutualism 
C)  interspecific competition 
D)  biological magnification 
A)  natural selection 
B)  mutualism 
C)  interspecific competition 
D)  biological magnification

Question 6

Besides the atmosphere,abiotic reservoirs of carbon dioxide include

Accepted Answer

A)  fossil fuels and dissolved carbon compounds in the oceans. 
B)  rocks and dissolved carbon compounds in the oceans. 
C)  fossil fuels only. 
D)  rocks only. 
A)  fossil fuels and dissolved carbon compounds in the oceans. 
B)  rocks and dissolved carbon compounds in the oceans. 
C)  fossil fuels only. 
D)  rocks only.

Question 7

Use the following information to answer the following question(s).
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a unicellular eukaryotic organism belonging to the genus Plasmodium. These eukaryotic organisms are transmitted from one person to another by the female Anopheles mosquito when it feeds on human blood. Within humans, the Plasmodium spp. destroy red blood cells and, without effective treatment, serious infections can lead to death. Currently, more than 400 million people are afflicted with malaria and between 1 to 3 million people die from it each year. Historically, a chemical compound called quinine has been used in developing effective drugs against malaria. In its natural environment, quinine is produced by certain trees native to South America. This chemical is synthesized in the outer layer of tree trunks and acts as an herbivore deterrent.
-Humans,mosquitoes,and Plasmodium together would be considered a(n)______.

Accepted Answer

A)  population 
B)  community 
C)  ecosystem 
D)  population and community 
A)  population 
B)  community 
C)  ecosystem 
D)  population and community

Question 8

Most decomposers are _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  plants and fungi 
B)  bacteria and plants 
C)  fungi and prokaryotes 
D)  animals 
A)  plants and fungi 
B)  bacteria and plants 
C)  fungi and prokaryotes 
D)  animals

Question 9

The major abiotic reservoir for phosphorus is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  the oceans 
B)  the atmosphere 
C)  rock 
D)  dead organic matter 
A)  the oceans 
B)  the atmosphere 
C)  rock 
D)  dead organic matter

Question 10

Sustainable development ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  will require making difficult decisions regarding the environment and lifestyle 
B)  must be achieved if the human species is to survive 
C)  will require global, multinational cooperation 
D)  involves all of the above 
A)  will require making difficult decisions regarding the environment and lifestyle 
B)  must be achieved if the human species is to survive 
C)  will require global, multinational cooperation 
D)  involves all of the above

Question 11

Why are most food chains limited to three to five trophic levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  The higher the trophic level, the larger the organism; the larger the organism, the less likely it will be prey. 
B)  The nutritional quality of existing biomass decreases with increasing trophic level. 
C)  Most ecosystems have insufficient space to support the increased number of organisms that more trophic levels would require. 
D)  There is insufficient energy to support more trophic levels. 
A)  The higher the trophic level, the larger the organism; the larger the organism, the less likely it will be prey. 
B)  The nutritional quality of existing biomass decreases with increasing trophic level. 
C)  Most ecosystems have insufficient space to support the increased number of organisms that more trophic levels would require. 
D)  There is insufficient energy to support more trophic levels.

Question 12

Which of these convert organic matter to inorganic matter by breaking down dead organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  producers 
B)  detritivores 
C)  decomposers 
D)  primary consumers 
A)  producers 
B)  detritivores 
C)  decomposers 
D)  primary consumers

Question 13

Populations of two coexisting species are both tertiary consumers in a community. What relationship may exist between these two organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  predation 
B)  mutualism 
C)  competition 
D)  commensalism 
A)  predation 
B)  mutualism 
C)  competition 
D)  commensalism

Question 14

Biomass is the total amount of ______ an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

A)  organic matter tied up in the consumers of 
B)  organic matter tied up in the producers of 
C)  chemical elements recycled by the detritivores of 
D)  living organic material in 
A)  organic matter tied up in the consumers of 
B)  organic matter tied up in the producers of 
C)  chemical elements recycled by the detritivores of 
D)  living organic material in

Question 15

Herbivory is an example of a _____ interaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  +/+ 
B)  -/- 
C)  0/+ 
D)  +/- 
A)  +/+ 
B)  -/- 
C)  0/+ 
D)  +/-

Question 16

The present rate of species loss ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  suggests that about 25% of all plant and animal species may be extinct by the end of the century 
B)  is about the same as it has been during the last 100,000 years 
C)  is as much as 100 times higher than at any time in the last 100,000 years 
D)  is slower than in recent years because of conservation efforts 
A)  suggests that about 25% of all plant and animal species may be extinct by the end of the century 
B)  is about the same as it has been during the last 100,000 years 
C)  is as much as 100 times higher than at any time in the last 100,000 years 
D)  is slower than in recent years because of conservation efforts

Question 17

On average,what percentage of the energy in one trophic level becomes incorporated into the next higher trophic level?

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  30% 
C)  50% 
D)  90% 
A)  10% 
B)  30% 
C)  50% 
D)  90%

Question 18

A movement corridor ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  is a path used by migratory animals when they move to their winter habitats 
B)  is the path most commonly used by an animal within its home range 
C)  connects otherwise isolated patches of quality habitat for a species 
D)  is a natural component of the environment 
A)  is a path used by migratory animals when they move to their winter habitats 
B)  is the path most commonly used by an animal within its home range 
C)  connects otherwise isolated patches of quality habitat for a species 
D)  is a natural component of the environment

Question 19

Use the following information to answer the following question(s).
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a unicellular eukaryotic organism belonging to the genus Plasmodium. These eukaryotic organisms are transmitted from one person to another by the female Anopheles mosquito when it feeds on human blood. Within humans, the Plasmodium spp. destroy red blood cells and, without effective treatment, serious infections can lead to death. Currently, more than 400 million people are afflicted with malaria and between 1 to 3 million people die from it each year. Historically, a chemical compound called quinine has been used in developing effective drugs against malaria. In its natural environment, quinine is produced by certain trees native to South America. This chemical is synthesized in the outer layer of tree trunks and acts as an herbivore deterrent.
-Based on the relationship between Plasmodium spp.and humans,these organisms would be considered ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  parasites 
B)  hosts 
C)  producers 
D)  carnivores 
A)  parasites 
B)  hosts 
C)  producers 
D)  carnivores

Question 20

What is one way in which energy flow differs from chemical cycling?

Accepted Answer

A)  Energy flow is unidirectional; chemical elements can be recycled. 
B)  Energy can enter but cannot leave an ecosystem; chemical elements can leave but cannot enter an ecosystem. 
C)  Energy flows from lower to higher trophic levels; chemicals cycle from higher to lower trophic levels. 
D)  Energy can both enter and leave an ecosystem; chemical elements always remain within a single ecosystem. 
A)  Energy flow is unidirectional; chemical elements can be recycled. 
B)  Energy can enter but cannot leave an ecosystem; chemical elements can leave but cannot enter an ecosystem. 
C)  Energy flows from lower to higher trophic levels; chemicals cycle from higher to lower trophic levels. 
D)  Energy can both enter and leave an ecosystem; chemical elements always remain within a single ecosystem.

Exam 20: Communities and Ecosystems

E.O.Wilson coined the term ______ for our innate appreciation of wild environments and living organisms.

As a result of a severe disturbance,a community will ______.

The primary goal of conservation biology is to ______.

Small areas that have a large number of endangered and threatened species are referred to as ______.

Besides the atmosphere,abiotic reservoirs of carbon dioxide include

Most decomposers are _____.

The major abiotic reservoir for phosphorus is ______.

Sustainable development ______.

Why are most food chains limited to three to five trophic levels?

Which of these convert organic matter to inorganic matter by breaking down dead organisms?

Populations of two coexisting species are both tertiary consumers in a community. What relationship may exist between these two organisms?

Biomass is the total amount of ______ an ecosystem.

Herbivory is an example of a _____ interaction.

The present rate of species loss ______.

On average,what percentage of the energy in one trophic level becomes incorporated into the next higher trophic level?

A movement corridor ______.

What is one way in which energy flow differs from chemical cycling?

Introduction- Biology Today

Essential Chemistry for Biology

The Molecules of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy from Food

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Cellular Reproduction: Cells from Cells

Patterns of Inheritance

The Structure and Function of DNA

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology

How Populations Evolve

How Biological Diversity Evolves

The Evolution of Microbial Life

Plants, Fungi, and the Move onto Land

The Evolution of Animals

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Respiration

The Body's Defenses

Hormones

Reproduction and Development

Nervous, Sensory, and Locomotor Systems

The Life of a Flowering Plant

The Working Plant

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