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The accumulated wisdom and refinement that produces a tool or artifact would be considered an example of _____ culture:

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How do the three traditional views of human development held by Gesell, Skinner, and Piaget equate culture with environment, and in what ways does the view presented by Cole and Packer of "culture in development" offer an alternative?

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Response should (1) reflect the various limitations of these three traditional approaches related to influence of culture on creating the material and ideal features of environments in which human beings develop, and (2) illustrate an understanding of Cole and Packer's alternative view.

Give three examples in which culture has been shown to influence prenatal development.

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Evidence that prenatal humans are influenced by culture has been shown in relation to maternal food selection, emotional stress experienced by pregnant women, and language spoken in the environment of the mother.

Current research on the role of schooling in cognitive development during middle childhood suggests that concrete operational thinking is not influenced by schooling but rather:

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Regarding the role of culture in development, what conclusions can be drawn from research using false-belief tasks to investigate the emergence of theory of mind in early childhood?

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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a developmental niche?

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Cultural psychologists such as Shweder contend that human artifacts:

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How does research on the influence of schooling suggest that language is a fundamental cultural influence on development in middle childhood?

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Culturally embedded changes in relations between children and their social world as an integral part of the changing relations between their biological makeup and their behavior are known as:

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What evidence exists to support the claim that schooling in middle childhood has effects on parenting in adulthood?

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List three of the six characteristics of institutionalized public basic schooling (IPBS) that reflect the notion of "culture as medium."

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Which of the following approaches tends to regard culture as an antecedent or independent variable that acts on psychological processes?

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