Exam 2: The Development of Islamic Civilization to the Fifteenth Century

How did the status of women in the Arabian Peninsula change with the advent of Islam in the territory?

In 1258 the Mongol invasions destroyed ____________, which was formerly an important center of commercial and intellectual life, as well as the symbolic center of Islam at the time.

Name and briefly explain the four sources that contribute to shari'ah.

The Muslim day of communal worship is

In 1260, which forces defeated the Mongols?

Compare and contrast the status of women in pre-Islamic Arabia and the status of women after Quranic reforms.

Paper manufacturing spread throughout the world of Islam in the late eighth century by way of:

The Abbasid conquests of diverse climatic regions and the establishment of vast trading networks led to which of the following developments?

During the Abbasid Empire, high Islamic society's intellectual adventures were limited to poetry and the arts.

Which of the following does NOT accurately describe the Islamic concept of jihad?

Explain the source of the division between Sunnis and Shi'as? How has this affected the way in which each group respectively views religious leadership?

What is shari'ah? From which four sources are its precepts derived?

What is sufism? How did it begin and how did it develop over the years?

Who are the ulama? What role do they perform?

Muslims who believed that the successors to Muhammad should come from within his own family and who believed Muhammad chose his son-in-law and cousin, Ali, to succeed him as caliph are _____________.

Inheritance regulations in the Quran instituted major advances for women by establishing fixed shares of the deceased's estate to wives, daughters, sisters, and grandmothers.

The threat to the Islamic world posed by the European Crusaders in the eleventh and twelfth centuries was greater than that posed by the Mongol conquests of the thirteenth century.

Muslims believe that Muhammad is:

Disputes over the succession to the caliphate led to a Muslim __________________ that pitted the supporters of Ali against founders of the Umayyad dynasty.

Did the fall of the Abbasid Empire in 1258 lead to a "dark age" of Islamic culture? Explain.