Question 1

What is considered to be the nominal insight?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infants' realization that things have names. 
B)  Infants' understanding of their own name. 
C)  Parents' understanding of their child's speech. 
D)  Parents' realization to use child-directed speech with their infants. 
A)  Infants' realization that things have names. 
B)  Infants' understanding of their own name. 
C)  Parents' understanding of their child's speech. 
D)  Parents' realization to use child-directed speech with their infants. A

Question 2

In adults, which part of the brain is typically associated with speech production?

Accepted Answer

A)  Broca's area, a region in the left frontal lobe. 
B)  Wernicke's area, a region in the right temporal lobe. 
C)  Broca's area, a region in the right temporal lobe. 
D)  Wernicke's area, a region in the left temporal lobe. 
A)  Broca's area, a region in the left frontal lobe. 
B)  Wernicke's area, a region in the right temporal lobe. 
C)  Broca's area, a region in the right temporal lobe. 
D)  Wernicke's area, a region in the left temporal lobe. A

Question 3

When do mothers use rising pitch in child-directed speech?

Accepted Answer

A)  When trying to engage their child's attention. 
B)  When trying to soothe their child. 
C)  When trying to maintain their child's attention. 
D)  When trying to discourage their child from listening. 
A)  When trying to engage their child's attention. 
B)  When trying to soothe their child. 
C)  When trying to maintain their child's attention. 
D)  When trying to discourage their child from listening. A

Question 4

Which of the following is not a feature of child-directed speech?

Accepted Answer

A)  Simplicity. 
B)  Redundancy. 
C)  Content. 
D)  Loudness. 
A)  Simplicity. 
B)  Redundancy. 
C)  Content. 
D)  Loudness.

Question 5

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using naturalistic observations in developmental psycholinguistics?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the advantages and disadvantages of...

Question 6

What are the three constraints on word learning according to Markman? Explain each one of them. What are the limitations of these constraints?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the three constraints on word...

Question 7

What types of words constitute most of the infant's early lexicon?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pronouns such as "I" and "you". 
B)  Nouns. 
C)  Verbs. 
D)  Adjectives. 
A)  Pronouns such as "I" and "you". 
B)  Nouns. 
C)  Verbs. 
D)  Adjectives.

Question 8

What is one of the main disadvantages of using preference methods for studying language development?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are poor at identifying individual differences. 
B)  They often underestimate infants' true abilities. 
C)  They often overestimate infants' true abilities. 
D)  They are poor at identifying cross-cultural differences. 
A)  They are poor at identifying individual differences. 
B)  They often underestimate infants' true abilities. 
C)  They often overestimate infants' true abilities. 
D)  They are poor at identifying cross-cultural differences.

Question 9

How are alveolars produced?

Accepted Answer

A)  By the tongue against the ridge behind the teeth. 
B)  By the tongue against the roof of the mouth. 
C)  By the tongue against the teeth. 
D)  By the lips. 
A)  By the tongue against the ridge behind the teeth. 
B)  By the tongue against the roof of the mouth. 
C)  By the tongue against the teeth. 
D)  By the lips.

Question 10

What does structure dependence refer to?

Accepted Answer

A)  Grammatical rules are defined not only over words, but also over syntactic phrases. 
B)  Grammatical rules are only defined over words, not over syntactic phrases. 
C)  Pragmatic rules are defined over phrases and questions. 
D)  Syntactic rules depend on a given language. 
A)  Grammatical rules are defined not only over words, but also over syntactic phrases. 
B)  Grammatical rules are only defined over words, not over syntactic phrases. 
C)  Pragmatic rules are defined over phrases and questions. 
D)  Syntactic rules depend on a given language.

Question 11

What question best captures the immediate reference problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Who should I talk to? 
B)  What object does this word refer to? 
C)  What action should I take first? 
D)  Should I respond right away or later? 
A)  Who should I talk to? 
B)  What object does this word refer to? 
C)  What action should I take first? 
D)  Should I respond right away or later?

Question 12

Imagine you were a developmental psycholinguist and wanted to study the differences in language production between Chinese and American children. You are particularly interested in whether there is a common set of words that children learn first. What method could you use to study this question? What would the advantages of your chosen method be? And what would the disadvantages be?

Accepted Answer

o Naturalistic observation
@#LAT-DLM&Differ based

Question 13

When is an elicited production method useful for studying infants' language development?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is useful when the language constructions tested might be rare or absent in diary data. 
B)  It can use words invented by the experimenter to be certain that the child is not simply imitating something he or she heard before. 
C)  It can be used to study the rules that children understand about grammatical forms in their language. 
D)  All of the above. 
A)  It is useful when the language constructions tested might be rare or absent in diary data. 
B)  It can use words invented by the experimenter to be certain that the child is not simply imitating something he or she heard before. 
C)  It can be used to study the rules that children understand about grammatical forms in their language. 
D)  All of the above.

Question 14

What is the prototypical gesture of an infant during the first year of life?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pointing. 
B)  Giving. 
C)  Showing. 
D)  Nodding. 
A)  Pointing. 
B)  Giving. 
C)  Showing. 
D)  Nodding.

Question 15

What question best describes the segmentation problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Which elements of a continuous speech stream are words? 
B)  Which words form a sentence? 
C)  Which sounds are meaningful? 
D)  Which words refer to objects in the external world? 
A)  Which elements of a continuous speech stream are words? 
B)  Which words form a sentence? 
C)  Which sounds are meaningful? 
D)  Which words refer to objects in the external world?

Question 16

What do parents often do to increase the chance of having a proper "conversation" with their infant in which they each take their turns and do not interrupt one another?

Accepted Answer

A)  They talk very slowly because their infant cannot talk yet. 
B)  They talk very little and let their infant talk. 
C)  They leave prolonged gaps after their own utterances to let their infant respond. 
D)  They talk very rapidly to get the infant used to the speed of adult speech. 
A)  They talk very slowly because their infant cannot talk yet. 
B)  They talk very little and let their infant talk. 
C)  They leave prolonged gaps after their own utterances to let their infant respond. 
D)  They talk very rapidly to get the infant used to the speed of adult speech.

Question 17

20-month-old Sarah's vocabulary consists mostly of words like "ball", "car", "milk", "shoe", and "dog". She would be considered to be

Accepted Answer

A)  A late talker. 
B)  An early talker. 
C)  A referential talker. 
D)  An expressive talker. 
A)  A late talker. 
B)  An early talker. 
C)  A referential talker. 
D)  An expressive talker.

Question 18

Which of the following is not a prosodic feature of child-directed speech?

Accepted Answer

A)  Higher pitch. 
B)  Slower tempo. 
C)  Greater range of frequencies. 
D)  More varied and exaggerated intonation. 
A)  Higher pitch. 
B)  Slower tempo. 
C)  Greater range of frequencies. 
D)  More varied and exaggerated intonation.

Question 19

Which of the following refers to the constraints on combinations of speech sounds in a word?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pragmatics. 
B)  Phonetics. 
C)  Phonemics. 
D)  Phonotactics. 
A)  Pragmatics. 
B)  Phonetics. 
C)  Phonemics. 
D)  Phonotactics.

Question 20

What should parents do to increase their infant's ability to distinguish phonemes in other languages? What activities are beneficial, which ones are not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What should parents do to increase their...

What is considered to be the nominal insight?

In adults, which part of the brain is typically associated with speech production?

When do mothers use rising pitch in child-directed speech?

Which of the following is not a feature of child-directed speech?

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using naturalistic observations in developmental psycholinguistics?

What are the three constraints on word learning according to Markman? Explain each one of them. What are the limitations of these constraints?

What types of words constitute most of the infant's early lexicon?

What is one of the main disadvantages of using preference methods for studying language development?

How are alveolars produced?

What does structure dependence refer to?

What question best captures the immediate reference problem?

When is an elicited production method useful for studying infants' language development?

What is the prototypical gesture of an infant during the first year of life?

What question best describes the segmentation problem?

What do parents often do to increase the chance of having a proper "conversation" with their infant in which they each take their turns and do not interrupt one another?

20-month-old Sarah's vocabulary consists mostly of words like "ball", "car", "milk", "shoe", and "dog". She would be considered to be

Which of the following is not a prosodic feature of child-directed speech?

Which of the following refers to the constraints on combinations of speech sounds in a word?

What should parents do to increase their infant's ability to distinguish phonemes in other languages? What activities are beneficial, which ones are not?

Introduction

The Many Ecologies of Infancy

3methods of Research in Infancy

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Physical and Motor Development in Infancy

Perceptual Development in Infancy

Cognition in Infancy

Representation in Infancy

Emotions and Temperament in Infancy

Social Development in the Family

Social Cognition Glossary

Filters

Exam 9: Language Development in Infancy

What is considered to be the nominal insight?

In adults, which part of the brain is typically associated with speech production?

When do mothers use rising pitch in child-directed speech?

Which of the following is not a feature of child-directed speech?

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using naturalistic observations in developmental psycholinguistics?

What are the three constraints on word learning according to Markman? Explain each one of them. What are the limitations of these constraints?

What types of words constitute most of the infant's early lexicon?

What is one of the main disadvantages of using preference methods for studying language development?

How are alveolars produced?

What does structure dependence refer to?

What question best captures the immediate reference problem?

When is an elicited production method useful for studying infants' language development?

What is the prototypical gesture of an infant during the first year of life?

What question best describes the segmentation problem?

What do parents often do to increase the chance of having a proper "conversation" with their infant in which they each take their turns and do not interrupt one another?

20-month-old Sarah's vocabulary consists mostly of words like "ball", "car", "milk", "shoe", and "dog". She would be considered to be

Which of the following is not a prosodic feature of child-directed speech?

Which of the following refers to the constraints on combinations of speech sounds in a word?

What should parents do to increase their infant's ability to distinguish phonemes in other languages? What activities are beneficial, which ones are not?

Introduction

The Many Ecologies of Infancy

3methods of Research in Infancy

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Physical and Motor Development in Infancy

Perceptual Development in Infancy

Cognition in Infancy

Representation in Infancy

Emotions and Temperament in Infancy

Social Development in the Family

Social Cognition Glossary

Filters