Exam 1: The Challenges of Global Warming Research

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Discuss why it may or may not be beneficial for society if the criminal justice system looked beyond blaming individual offenders and instead focused on environmental/structural factors and potential mitigation efforts

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It may be beneficial for society if the criminal justice system looked beyond blaming individual offenders and instead focused on environmental/structural factors and potential mitigation efforts for several reasons.

Firstly, by addressing environmental and structural factors, such as poverty, lack of access to education and healthcare, and systemic discrimination, the criminal justice system can work towards preventing crime at its root causes. This approach can lead to a reduction in overall crime rates and create a safer and more equitable society for everyone.

Additionally, focusing on environmental and structural factors can help address issues of inequality and injustice within the criminal justice system. By acknowledging and addressing the societal factors that contribute to criminal behavior, the system can work towards creating fairer outcomes for all individuals, regardless of their background or circumstances.

Furthermore, by implementing potential mitigation efforts, such as community-based programs, mental health support, and job training initiatives, the criminal justice system can work towards rehabilitating offenders and reducing recidivism rates. This approach can lead to a more effective and humane system that prioritizes rehabilitation and reintegration over punishment.

However, there may also be potential drawbacks to this approach. Some may argue that focusing on environmental and structural factors could lead to a lack of individual accountability for criminal behavior. Additionally, there may be challenges in identifying and addressing the complex societal factors that contribute to crime, and implementing effective mitigation efforts on a large scale.

Overall, while there may be challenges and potential drawbacks, it is likely that a criminal justice system that looks beyond blaming individual offenders and instead focuses on environmental/structural factors and potential mitigation efforts can ultimately be beneficial for society by addressing root causes of crime, promoting fairness and equality, and prioritizing rehabilitation and prevention.

The ENSO develops along:

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C

Hsiang, Burke, & Miguel (2013) found that conflict was strongly associated with:

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A

The ENSO has been associated with:

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ENSO is associated with a surge of epidemics in parts of Africa due to:

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The first models of global warming were developed in the:

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Identify the three perspectives used to try to understand the relationship between temperature and crime. Discuss at least one specific crime with relation to each perspective.

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Ranson's time series study covered:

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According to the text, scientists, as a rule, should:

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Identify three specific crimes and their association with increase in temperature. Include some discussion of why an increase in temperature could be associated with an increase in that particular crime.

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According to the text, the temperature that appears to be the tipping point in the research relating to collective violence is:

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Out of the 16 locations included in the Michael & Zumpe (1983) study, how many showed a significant positive correlation between monthly mean temperature and monthly mean number of assaults?

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Hsiang, Meng, & Cane (2011) estimate that ________ of civil conflicts since 1950 can be linked to El Nino.

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Define the terms "weather" and "climate." Explain why a few really cold days here and there cannot be used to dispel the notion of climate change.

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According to the text, good science:

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The average U.S. temperature during the summer of 2012 surpassed the previous all-time high by:

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Ranson (2012) concluded that between 2010-2099, all forms of crime were expected to:

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Ranson's study showed a strong relationship between temperature and all crimes except:

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Out of the 16 locations included in the Michael & Zumpe (1983) study, how many showed a significant positive correlation between monthly mean temperature and monthly mean number of rapes?

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One of the areas strongly affected by the ENSO is:

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