Exam 1: The Approach and Evolution of Epidemiology

Which study is considered "the epitome of successful epidemiologic research" and "has become the prototype and model of the cohort study"?

In the mid-1700s, James Lind conducted one of the earliest experimental studies on the treatment of which condition, a common disease and cause of death at the time?

The purpose of surveillance is to monitor aspects of disease occurrence that are pertinent to effective control.

Doll and Hill's first study was which type of study, which included 706 subjects who had lung cancer and 709 subjects who had diseases other than lung cancer?

Public health achievements are difficult to recognize because it's hard to identify people who have been spared illness.

Which of the following contribute to scientific knowledge by recording treatment and response information in patients' medical records?

Epidemiologists test hypotheses by making comparisons, usually within the context of a formal epidemiological study.

Modern epidemiologists consider which study to be "a classic exemplar for the investigation of a given outcome and an array of exposures"?

Because basic scientists conduct their studies in a controlled laboratory, they can regulate all important aspects of the experimental conditions.

Hospital patient rosters, death certificates, and registries of cancer and birth defects are all sources used for calculating which measure?

Life course epidemiologists investigate how neighborhoods, racial discrimination, and poverty influence a person's health.

Biomarkers such as serum micronutrient levels, which can determine a person's fruit and vegetable intake more accurately than can personal interviews, are used in which field of modern epidemiology?

The system devised by which man is the antecedent of the modern International Classification of Diseases, which categorizes diseases and causes of death?

Which of the following, a key activity of epidemiologists, includes three steps; developing a definition of disease, instituting a mechanism to account for cases of disease within a specified population, and determining the size of the population?

Which type of epidemiologist would investigate how undernutrition during gestation increases the risk of chronic diseases among adults?

Clinical scientists study ways to prevent disease and promote health in the population at large.

What man became the first epidemiologist, statistician, and demographers when he summarized the Bills of Mortality for his 1662 publication Natural and Political Observations Mentioned in a Following Index, and Made Upon the Bills of Mortality?

The units of concern for which type of scientist are groups of people living in the community rather than separate individuals visiting a healthcare facility?

The focus of research for which type of science is often on the disease mechanism or process?

Usually, which of the following are based on a combination of physical and pathological examinations, diagnostic test results, and signs and symptoms?