Question 1

Eukaryotic mRNA requires

Accepted Answer

A)  less processing after synthesis than prokaryotic mRNA. 
B)  more processing after synthesis than prokaryotic mRNA. 
C)  about the same amount of processing after synthesis as prokaryotic mRNA. 
A)  less processing after synthesis than prokaryotic mRNA. 
B)  more processing after synthesis than prokaryotic mRNA. 
C)  about the same amount of processing after synthesis as prokaryotic mRNA.

Question 2

Quaternary structure refers to the non-covalent interaction(s) between polymeric units, such as two or more monomer protein units that noncovalently interact. Which of the following scenarios for nucleic acids most closely resembles quaternary structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-assembly of subunits in the tobacco mosaic virus 
B)  interaction of DNA with proteins 
C)  RNA and protein association in ribosomes 
D)  All of these 
E)  None of these 
A)  self-assembly of subunits in the tobacco mosaic virus 
B)  interaction of DNA with proteins 
C)  RNA and protein association in ribosomes 
D)  All of these 
E)  None of these

Question 3

Which of the following is the most distinguishing difference between a purine and a pyrymidine

Accepted Answer

A)  purines are found in DNA while pyrimidines are found in RNA 
B)  purines have nitrogens in the rings while pyrimidines do not 
C)  pyrimidines have nitrogens in the rings while purines do not 
D)  purines are found in RNA while pyrimidines are found in DNA 
E)  purines are double ring structures while pyrimidines have a single ring 
A)  purines are found in DNA while pyrimidines are found in RNA 
B)  purines have nitrogens in the rings while pyrimidines do not 
C)  pyrimidines have nitrogens in the rings while purines do not 
D)  purines are found in RNA while pyrimidines are found in DNA 
E)  purines are double ring structures while pyrimidines have a single ring

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the structure of a nucleosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA wrapped around an octomer containing two each of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 with H1 on the outside. 
B)  DNA wrapped around an octomer of H1 with H2A,B, H3 & H4 on the outside. 
C)  DNA wrapped around a octomer of either H2A/H2B or H3/H4 with H1 on the outside. 
D)  DNA wrapped around a tetramer of either H2A/H2B or H3/H4 with H1 on the outside. 
E)  None of these 
A)  DNA wrapped around an octomer containing two each of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 with H1 on the outside. 
B)  DNA wrapped around an octomer of H1 with H2A,B, H3 & H4 on the outside. 
C)  DNA wrapped around a octomer of either H2A/H2B or H3/H4 with H1 on the outside. 
D)  DNA wrapped around a tetramer of either H2A/H2B or H3/H4 with H1 on the outside. 
E)  None of these

Question 5

The study of DNA changes that are not reflected in the base sequence is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  Molecular biology 
B)  Histology 
C)  Epigenetics 
D)  Physical genetics 
A)  Molecular biology 
B)  Histology 
C)  Epigenetics 
D)  Physical genetics

Question 6

What distinguishes nucleotides from nucleosides?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nucleosides lack the phosphate group. 
B)  Nucleosides lack the sugar group. 
C)  Nucleosides lack a nitrogenous base. 
D)  The two words are synonymous 
A)  Nucleosides lack the phosphate group. 
B)  Nucleosides lack the sugar group. 
C)  Nucleosides lack a nitrogenous base. 
D)  The two words are synonymous

Question 7

Topoisomerases are associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  production of RNA from DNA. 
B)  joining of nucleotide monomers to make polynucleotides. 
C)  supercoiling of DNA. 
D)  ribosomes. 
E)  All of these 
A)  production of RNA from DNA. 
B)  joining of nucleotide monomers to make polynucleotides. 
C)  supercoiling of DNA. 
D)  ribosomes. 
E)  All of these

Question 8

Transfer RNA molecules are characterized by all the following, except:

Accepted Answer

A)  They are one of the largest of the RNAs. 
B)  Cloverleaf shape. 
C)  Many modified bases. 
D)  Extensive secondary and tertiary structure. 
E)  All of these characterize transfer RNA molecules. 
A)  They are one of the largest of the RNAs. 
B)  Cloverleaf shape. 
C)  Many modified bases. 
D)  Extensive secondary and tertiary structure. 
E)  All of these characterize transfer RNA molecules.

Question 9

Deoxyadenylate (dA) is a:

Accepted Answer

A)  purine base 
B)  pyrimidine base 
C)  purine based nucleoside 
D)  purine based nucleotide 
E)  pyrimidine based nucleotide 
A)  purine base 
B)  pyrimidine base 
C)  purine based nucleoside 
D)  purine based nucleotide 
E)  pyrimidine based nucleotide

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true for double-stranded DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  The amount of A is the same as the amount of T, and the amount of G is the same as the amount of C. 
B)  The amount of A is the same as the amount of G, and the amount of T is the same as the amount of C. 
C)  The amount of A is the same as the amount of C, and the amount of G is the same as the amount of T. 
D)  More than one of the above is true. 
A)  The amount of A is the same as the amount of T, and the amount of G is the same as the amount of C. 
B)  The amount of A is the same as the amount of G, and the amount of T is the same as the amount of C. 
C)  The amount of A is the same as the amount of C, and the amount of G is the same as the amount of T. 
D)  More than one of the above is true.

Question 11

Which is the dominant form of DNA found in the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  Z 
D)  H 
E)  All forms of DNA are found in equal amounts 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  Z 
D)  H 
E)  All forms of DNA are found in equal amounts

Question 12

Which of the following statements concerning the B-form of DNA is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It twists in a left-handed direction. 
B)  The distance between base pairs is 3.4Å. 
C)  The width of a base pair is about 1.1 nm. 
D)  The diameter, including the phosphate, is about 20 Å. 
A)  It twists in a left-handed direction. 
B)  The distance between base pairs is 3.4Å. 
C)  The width of a base pair is about 1.1 nm. 
D)  The diameter, including the phosphate, is about 20 Å.

Question 13

The human genome is though to have about how many genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  10,000 
B)  25,000 
C)  50,000 
D)  100,000 
E)  None of these is close to the estimate 
A)  10,000 
B)  25,000 
C)  50,000 
D)  100,000 
E)  None of these is close to the estimate

Question 14

Which best describes the relationship between the nucleobases in a piece of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are parallel to the helical axis. 
B)  They are perpendicular to the helical axis. 
C)  They are randomly oriented with respect to the helical axis. 
D)  They are covalently bonded between the nucleobases across from one anothr in the two DNA strands 
E)  The four nucleobases are present in equal quanitites in a piece of DNA 
A)  They are parallel to the helical axis. 
B)  They are perpendicular to the helical axis. 
C)  They are randomly oriented with respect to the helical axis. 
D)  They are covalently bonded between the nucleobases across from one anothr in the two DNA strands 
E)  The four nucleobases are present in equal quanitites in a piece of DNA

Question 15

In analytical ultracentrifugation the sedimentation coefficient, which is expressed in Svedberg units (S), characterizes a sedimenting particle on the basis of

Accepted Answer

A)  size only 
B)  shape only 
C)  both size and shape 
D)  neither size nor shape 
A)  size only 
B)  shape only 
C)  both size and shape 
D)  neither size nor shape

Question 16

The three-dimensional structure of transfer RNA has been determined by

Accepted Answer

A)  analytical ultracentrifugation 
B)  gel electrophoresis 
C)  ultraviolet spectroscopy 
D)  x-ray crystallography 
A)  analytical ultracentrifugation 
B)  gel electrophoresis 
C)  ultraviolet spectroscopy 
D)  x-ray crystallography

Question 17

Two circular DNAs are isolated, both with 1000 bp. One is supercoiled; the other is not. The two DNAs are placed in an ultracentrifuge.

Accepted Answer

A)  The supercoiled DNA should sediment faster. 
B)  The nonsupercoiled DNA should sediment faster. 
C)  They should sediment at the same rate. 
D)  The information provided is not enough to determine which will sediment faster. 
A)  The supercoiled DNA should sediment faster. 
B)  The nonsupercoiled DNA should sediment faster. 
C)  They should sediment at the same rate. 
D)  The information provided is not enough to determine which will sediment faster.

Question 18

Which of the following sequences of DNA is most likely to form Z-DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  5'-ATCTACATCTACATAGATAT-3' 3'-TAGATGTAGATGTATCTATA-5' 
B)  5'-AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-3' 3'-TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT-5' 
C)  5'-GCGCGCGCGCGCCGCGCGCG-3' 3'-CGCGCGCGCGCGCGCGCGCG-5' 
D)  5'-GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG-3' 3'-CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC-5' 
A)  5'-ATCTACATCTACATAGATAT-3' 3'-TAGATGTAGATGTATCTATA-5' 
B)  5'-AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-3' 3'-TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT-5' 
C)  5'-GCGCGCGCGCGCCGCGCGCG-3' 3'-CGCGCGCGCGCGCGCGCGCG-5' 
D)  5'-GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG-3' 3'-CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC-5'

Question 19

Histones contain large amounts of which of the following amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  histidine 
B)  glutamic acid 
C)  lysine 
D)  leucine 
E)  tryptophan 
A)  histidine 
B)  glutamic acid 
C)  lysine 
D)  leucine 
E)  tryptophan

Question 20

Where can drugs or polypeptides bind to DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  The minor groove only. 
B)  The major groove only. 
C)  Either the minor or major groove. 
D)  Neither the minor or major groove. 
A)  The minor groove only. 
B)  The major groove only. 
C)  Either the minor or major groove. 
D)  Neither the minor or major groove.

Exam 9: Nucleic Acids: How Structure Conveys Information

Eukaryotic mRNA requires

Quaternary structure refers to the non-covalent interaction(s) between polymeric units, such as two or more monomer protein units that noncovalently interact. Which of the following scenarios for nucleic acids most closely resembles quaternary structure?

Which of the following is the most distinguishing difference between a purine and a pyrymidine

Which of the following best describes the structure of a nucleosome?

The study of DNA changes that are not reflected in the base sequence is called:

What distinguishes nucleotides from nucleosides?

Topoisomerases are associated with

Transfer RNA molecules are characterized by all the following, except:

Deoxyadenylate (dA) is a:

Which of the following statements is true for double-stranded DNA?

Which is the dominant form of DNA found in the cell?

Which of the following statements concerning the B-form of DNA is false?

The human genome is though to have about how many genes?

Which best describes the relationship between the nucleobases in a piece of DNA?

In analytical ultracentrifugation the sedimentation coefficient, which is expressed in Svedberg units (S), characterizes a sedimenting particle on the basis of

The three-dimensional structure of transfer RNA has been determined by

Two circular DNAs are isolated, both with 1000 bp. One is supercoiled; the other is not. The two DNAs are placed in an ultracentrifuge.

Which of the following sequences of DNA is most likely to form Z-DNA?

Histones contain large amounts of which of the following amino acids?

Where can drugs or polypeptides bind to DNA?

Biochemistry and the Organization of Cells

Water: the Solvent for Biochemical Reactions

Amino Acids and Peptides

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Purification and Characterization Techniques

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes, Mechanisms, and Control

Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in Biological Membranes

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids: Replication

Transcription of the Genetic Code: Biosynthesis of RNA

Protein Synthesis: Translation of the Genetic Message

Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques

Viruses, Cancer, and Immunology

The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Glycolysis

Storage Mechanisms and Control in Carbohydrate Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Lipid Metabolism

Photosynthesis

The Metabolism of Nitrogen

Integration of Metabolism: Cellular Signaling

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