Question 1

CREB contains the following structural motif:

Accepted Answer

A)  Helix-turn-helix 
B)  β−barrel 
C)  Zinc finger 
D)  Leucine zipper 
A)  Helix-turn-helix 
B)  β−barrel 
C)  Zinc finger 
D)  Leucine zipper D

Question 2

The lariat mechanism has been demonstrated by observing the lariat structure using electron microscopy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Response elements

Accepted Answer

A)  are similar to operons in that they are controlled by a single promoter 
B)  are enhancers of transcription activated by metabolic factors 
C)  are not affected by steroids 
D)  are silencers of transcription triggered by the presence of metal ions 
A)  are similar to operons in that they are controlled by a single promoter 
B)  are enhancers of transcription activated by metabolic factors 
C)  are not affected by steroids 
D)  are silencers of transcription triggered by the presence of metal ions B

Question 4

RNA transcribed from the coding strand instead of the template strand

Accepted Answer

A)  is called antisense RNA. 
B)  produces histones. 
C)  is tRNA. 
D)  never occurs. 
A)  is called antisense RNA. 
B)  produces histones. 
C)  is tRNA. 
D)  never occurs.

Question 5

RNA synthesis begins at the base in the DNA sequence designated by the following number:

Accepted Answer

A)  +1 (plus one) 
B)  0 (zero) 
C)  −1 (minus one) 
D)  −10 region (minus ten) 
E)  It varies between genes. 
A)  +1 (plus one) 
B)  0 (zero) 
C)  −1 (minus one) 
D)  −10 region (minus ten) 
E)  It varies between genes.

Question 6

Ribozymes, the catalytic activity of RNA, were first discovered as part of the snRNA group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Operons

Accepted Answer

A)  control the expression of constitutive genes. 
B)  are subject to positive or to negative control. 
C)  are not affected by mutations in the genes for repressors or inducers. 
D)  occur in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. 
A)  control the expression of constitutive genes. 
B)  are subject to positive or to negative control. 
C)  are not affected by mutations in the genes for repressors or inducers. 
D)  occur in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Question 8

TATA-binding protein (TBP) is normally required for transcription by

Accepted Answer

A)  Pol I. 
B)  Pol II. 
C)  Pol III. 
D)  all of these polymerases. 
E)  none of these polymerases 
A)  Pol I. 
B)  Pol II. 
C)  Pol III. 
D)  all of these polymerases. 
E)  none of these polymerases

Question 9

Phosphorylation of the CTD of RNA polymerase II occurs during which phase of transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  initial binding to the promoter 
B)  conversion from the closed complex to the open complex 
C)  termination of transcription 
D)  None of these 
A)  initial binding to the promoter 
B)  conversion from the closed complex to the open complex 
C)  termination of transcription 
D)  None of these

Question 10

Which enzyme transcribes genes encoding tRNA in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA polymerase I 
B)  RNA polymerase II 
C)  RNA polymerase III 
D)  Different tRNAs are transcribed by different RNA polymerases. 
A)  RNA polymerase I 
B)  RNA polymerase II 
C)  RNA polymerase III 
D)  Different tRNAs are transcribed by different RNA polymerases.

Question 11

Which of following statements describes a difference between replication of DNA and transcription of RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nucleoside triphosphates are the precursors for replication, but nucleoside diphosphates are used for transcription. 
B)  Both strands of DNA are copied in replication, but usually only one is copied in transcription. 
C)  Base pairing is used to copy the sequence in replication, but not in transcription. 
D)  The chain grows from the 5' to the 3' end in replication, but 3' to 5' in transcription. 
E)  None of these 
A)  Nucleoside triphosphates are the precursors for replication, but nucleoside diphosphates are used for transcription. 
B)  Both strands of DNA are copied in replication, but usually only one is copied in transcription. 
C)  Base pairing is used to copy the sequence in replication, but not in transcription. 
D)  The chain grows from the 5' to the 3' end in replication, but 3' to 5' in transcription. 
E)  None of these

Question 12

Which of the following is not part of the core promoter?

Accepted Answer

A)  the transcription start site 
B)  the Pribnow box (−10 region) 
C)  the −35 region 
D)  the UP element 
A)  the transcription start site 
B)  the Pribnow box (−10 region) 
C)  the −35 region 
D)  the UP element

Question 13

The major difference between RNA initiation in eukaryotes and prokaryotes is the number of factors involved in the process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the conditions would result in the greatest amount of transcription of the lac operon? $$\begin{array} { l c c } 
& \text { [glucose } ] & \text { [lactose } ] \
 \text { I. } & \text { high } & \text { high } \
\text { II. } & \text { low } & \text { low } \
\text { III. } & \text { high } & \text { low } \
\text { IV. } & \text { low } & \text { high }
\end{array}$$

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV

Question 15

Which of the following is not true about RISC?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is only involved in cleaving dsRNA from viruses 
B)  It is involved with processing of miRNA and siRNA 
C)  It uses a protein from the argonaut family 
D)  It unwinds dsRNA and eventually discards the passenger strand 
A)  It is only involved in cleaving dsRNA from viruses 
B)  It is involved with processing of miRNA and siRNA 
C)  It uses a protein from the argonaut family 
D)  It unwinds dsRNA and eventually discards the passenger strand

Question 16

The eukaryotic TATA-binding protein (TBP) functions in a manner similar to

Accepted Answer

A)  sigma (σ) factor in E. coli. 
B)  rho (ρ) factor in E. coli. 
C)  lac I in E. coli. 
D)  CAP in E. coli. 
A)  sigma (σ) factor in E. coli. 
B)  rho (ρ) factor in E. coli. 
C)  lac I in E. coli. 
D)  CAP in E. coli.

Question 17

Which of the following transcription factors is involved in the elongation phase of eukaryotic transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  TFIIA 
B)  TFIID 
C)  TFIIF 
D)  There are no transcription factors associated with elongation. 
A)  TFIIA 
B)  TFIID 
C)  TFIIF 
D)  There are no transcription factors associated with elongation.

Question 18

The sequences in eukaryotic DNA known as introns are

Accepted Answer

A)  those included in the final sequence of messenger RNA 
B)  the intervening sequences not expressed in the final sequence of messenger RNA 
C)  the binding sites for DNA polymerase 
D)  the binding sites for RNA polymerase 
A)  those included in the final sequence of messenger RNA 
B)  the intervening sequences not expressed in the final sequence of messenger RNA 
C)  the binding sites for DNA polymerase 
D)  the binding sites for RNA polymerase

Question 19

Which of the following is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mechanism of activation of eukaryotic genes involves addition and removal of phosphate residues from some of the transcription factors. 
B)  In plants, there are 5 RNA polymerases. 
C)  RNA Pol IV is the primary RNA synthesizer in plants 
D)  Of the RNA Polymerases in eukaryotes, Pol II is the most extensively studied. 
A)  The mechanism of activation of eukaryotic genes involves addition and removal of phosphate residues from some of the transcription factors. 
B)  In plants, there are 5 RNA polymerases. 
C)  RNA Pol IV is the primary RNA synthesizer in plants 
D)  Of the RNA Polymerases in eukaryotes, Pol II is the most extensively studied.

Question 20

General transcription activation in eukaryotes requires

Accepted Answer

A)  a specific enhancer common to all genes 
B)  a specific silencer common to all genes 
C)  a protein called Mediator 
D)  a CREB binding protein 
E)  none of these 
A)  a specific enhancer common to all genes 
B)  a specific silencer common to all genes 
C)  a protein called Mediator 
D)  a CREB binding protein 
E)  none of these

Exam 11: Transcription of the Genetic Code: Biosynthesis of RNA

CREB contains the following structural motif:

The lariat mechanism has been demonstrated by observing the lariat structure using electron microscopy.

Response elements

RNA transcribed from the coding strand instead of the template strand

RNA synthesis begins at the base in the DNA sequence designated by the following number:

Ribozymes, the catalytic activity of RNA, were first discovered as part of the snRNA group.

Operons

TATA-binding protein (TBP) is normally required for transcription by

Phosphorylation of the CTD of RNA polymerase II occurs during which phase of transcription?

Which enzyme transcribes genes encoding tRNA in eukaryotes?

Which of following statements describes a difference between replication of DNA and transcription of RNA?

Which of the following is not part of the core promoter?

The major difference between RNA initiation in eukaryotes and prokaryotes is the number of factors involved in the process.

Which of the conditions would result in the greatest amount of transcription of the lac operon? [glucose ] [lactose ] I. high high II. low low III. high low IV. low high

Which of the following is not true about RISC?

The eukaryotic TATA-binding protein (TBP) functions in a manner similar to

Which of the following transcription factors is involved in the elongation phase of eukaryotic transcription?

The sequences in eukaryotic DNA known as introns are

Which of the following is not true?

General transcription activation in eukaryotes requires

Biochemistry and the Organization of Cells

Water: the Solvent for Biochemical Reactions

Amino Acids and Peptides

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Purification and Characterization Techniques

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes, Mechanisms, and Control

Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in Biological Membranes

Nucleic Acids: How Structure Conveys Information

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids: Replication

Protein Synthesis: Translation of the Genetic Message

Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques

Viruses, Cancer, and Immunology

The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Glycolysis

Storage Mechanisms and Control in Carbohydrate Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Lipid Metabolism

Photosynthesis

The Metabolism of Nitrogen

Integration of Metabolism: Cellular Signaling

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