Question 1

In determining the value of setting outcome goals, one must weigh the benefit, _______, against the drawback, ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  positivity, unattainable 
B)  increases short-term motivation, too much emphasis on end result 
C)  flexibility, too focused on long-term results 
D)  always controllable, vagueness 
A)  positivity, unattainable 
B)  increases short-term motivation, too much emphasis on end result 
C)  flexibility, too focused on long-term results 
D)  always controllable, vagueness B

Question 2

Focusing solely on outcome goals can lead to lower confidence, increased cognitive anxiety, decreased effort, and poorer performance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

When possible, athletes should set goals that are positive and approach goals rather than negative and avoidance-oriented.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Guidelines for successfully achieving goals should not include:

Accepted Answer

A)  keeping them secret 
B)  writing them down 
C)  setting a time frame to achieve them 
D)  providing appropriate feedback 
A)  keeping them secret 
B)  writing them down 
C)  setting a time frame to achieve them 
D)  providing appropriate feedback

Question 5

Goal setting programs must consider personal and situation factors to be optimally effective.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Subjective goals - like having a positive attitude - can be made more measurable by having performers self-rate performance or behaviors on numerical scales.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

When used in isolation, which type of goal would be the least effective?

Accepted Answer

A)  performance goals 
B)  outcome goals 
C)  each of these answers is correct 
D)  process goals 
A)  performance goals 
B)  outcome goals 
C)  each of these answers is correct 
D)  process goals

Question 8

Tim is more likely to achieve his academic goals if he:

Accepted Answer

A)  writes them down 
B)  has clear academic goal achievement strategies 
C)  sees the professor after the exam to get additional feedback on his test 
D)  all of the answers are correct 
A)  writes them down 
B)  has clear academic goal achievement strategies 
C)  sees the professor after the exam to get additional feedback on his test 
D)  all of the answers are correct

Question 9

According to Gould, which of the below, if any, isNOT a performance goal?

Accepted Answer

A)  all are performance goals 
B)  graduate with a 3.5 or higher GPA 
C)  get 1st place in the spelling contest 
D)  high jump at least 6 feet at the competition 
A)  all are performance goals 
B)  graduate with a 3.5 or higher GPA 
C)  get 1st place in the spelling contest 
D)  high jump at least 6 feet at the competition

Question 10

For best results, goals should be:

Accepted Answer

A)  moderately difficult 
B)  very easy 
C)  easy 
D)  very difficult 
A)  moderately difficult 
B)  very easy 
C)  easy 
D)  very difficult

Question 11

According to research, goal setting can lead to positive changes in important psychological states.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following is a process goal?

Accepted Answer

A)  study 10 hours each week 
B)  make lots of money after graduation 
C)  have a perfect relationship 
D)  graduate with a good GPA 
A)  study 10 hours each week 
B)  make lots of money after graduation 
C)  have a perfect relationship 
D)  graduate with a good GPA

Question 13

For optimal enhancement of performance, both general and measureable goals must be set.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is not a common enhancement of implementing a goal setting program?

Accepted Answer

A)  motivation 
B)  performance 
C)  confidence 
D)  setting goals that are too general 
A)  motivation 
B)  performance 
C)  confidence 
D)  setting goals that are too general

Question 15

Susie set a goal for her performance on the first test, but classmate John set no goal. According to the theory developed by _____, Susie should do better because the goal will help her to direct attention, mobilize effort, and increase persistence.

Accepted Answer

A)  a different scholar, not otherwise listed 
B)  Burton 
C)  Locke 
D)  Garland 
A)  a different scholar, not otherwise listed 
B)  Burton 
C)  Locke 
D)  Garland

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding research on technology and goal setting is inaccurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  One in 5 smart phone users have an app that supports setting goals 
B)  Sport professionals should prevent performers from digitizing their goal setting process 
C)  Combining goal setting with a package of other self-monitoring techniques can promote positive performance-related and health behaviors 
D)  Sport psychology researchers should explore how smart phones can help athletes self-monitor and improve performance and health outcomes 
A)  One in 5 smart phone users have an app that supports setting goals 
B)  Sport professionals should prevent performers from digitizing their goal setting process 
C)  Combining goal setting with a package of other self-monitoring techniques can promote positive performance-related and health behaviors 
D)  Sport psychology researchers should explore how smart phones can help athletes self-monitor and improve performance and health outcomes

Question 17

Goal setting has been shown to:

Accepted Answer

A)  positively influence anxiety 
B)  enhance performance 
C)  all of the answers are correct 
D)  increase confidence 
A)  positively influence anxiety 
B)  enhance performance 
C)  all of the answers are correct 
D)  increase confidence

Question 18

"On today's test, I will focus on each question one at a time." This is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  product goal 
B)  extrinsic goal 
C)  process goal 
D)  outcome goal 
A)  product goal 
B)  extrinsic goal 
C)  process goal 
D)  outcome goal

Exam 11: Goal Setting for Peak Performance

In determining the value of setting outcome goals, one must weigh the benefit, _______, against the drawback, ________.

Focusing solely on outcome goals can lead to lower confidence, increased cognitive anxiety, decreased effort, and poorer performance.

When possible, athletes should set goals that are positive and approach goals rather than negative and avoidance-oriented.

Guidelines for successfully achieving goals should not include:

Goal setting programs must consider personal and situation factors to be optimally effective.

Subjective goals - like having a positive attitude - can be made more measurable by having performers self-rate performance or behaviors on numerical scales.

When used in isolation, which type of goal would be the least effective?

Tim is more likely to achieve his academic goals if he:

According to Gould, which of the below, if any, isNOT a performance goal?

For best results, goals should be:

According to research, goal setting can lead to positive changes in important psychological states.

Which of the following is a process goal?

For optimal enhancement of performance, both general and measureable goals must be set.

Which of the following is not a common enhancement of implementing a goal setting program?

Susie set a goal for her performance on the first test, but classmate John set no goal. According to the theory developed by _____, Susie should do better because the goal will help her to direct attention, mobilize effort, and increase persistence.

Which of the following statements regarding research on technology and goal setting is inaccurate?

Goal setting has been shown to:

"On today's test, I will focus on each question one at a time." This is an example of a(n):

Sport Psychology: Past, Present, Future

Motor Skill Learning for Effective Coaching and Performance

A Positive Approach to Coaching Effectiveness and Performance Enhancement

The Motivational Climate, Motivation, and Implications for Empowering Athletes and the Promotion of the Quality of Sport Engagement

The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy Theory: When Coaches Expectations Become Reality

Leadership in Sports: The Critical Importance of Coach and Athlete Leadership

The Sport Team As an Effective Group

Communicating Effectively

Psychological Characteristics of Peak Performance

Increasing Awareness for Sport Performance

Understanding and Managing Stress in Sport

Using Imagery As a Mental Training Tool in Sport

Cognitive Techniques for Building Confidence and Enhancing Performance

Concentration and Strategies for Controlling It

Mindfulness in Sport

Integrating and Implementing a Psychological Skills Training Program

A Social-Cognitive Approach to Conducting Evidence Based Coach-Training Programs

Gender, Diversity, and Cultural Competence

When to Refer Athletes to Other Helping Professionals

Doping in Sport: Causes and Cures

Athlete Burnout: An Individual and Organizational Phenomenon

Injury Risk and Rehabilitation: Psychological Considerations

Athletes Careers and Transitions

Exercise and Physical Activity Participation: An Identity-Centered Approach

Filters

In determining the value of setting outcome goals, one must weigh the benefit, _, against the drawback, __.