Question 1

The simple experiment described in Chapter 10 compared only two groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Identify the design of each experiment below as paired samples or independent samples. Give the degrees of freedom in each case.
-Ten brand-new, identical Toyotas were obtained for a gas mileage comparison. Five covered the course using regular gas and five used a 10% alcohol mixture (gasohol). Miles per gallon were compared.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the design of each experiment below...

Question 3

The t distribution table in the appendix of your text is an example of adistribution.

Accepted Answer

A)  theoretical 
B)  empirical 
C)  both of the descriptive alternatives are correct 
D)  neither of the descriptive alternatives is correct. 
A)  theoretical 
B)  empirical 
C)  both of the descriptive alternatives are correct 
D)  neither of the descriptive alternatives is correct.

Question 4

In a paired samples design, famous cowboys were paired with their famous Indian antagonists and an honesty index was derived for each. The cowboy mean was 46 and the Indian mean was 75. A t test produced a value of 2.15. Given an $\alpha$ level of .05, which conclusion below is correct? (High scores mean more honesty.)

Accepted Answer

A)  If df = 10, Cowboys are more honest than Indians. 
B)  If df = 10, Indians are more honest than Cowboys. 
C)  If df = 26, Cowboys and Indians are not significantly different. 
D)  None of the other alternatives are correct. 
A)  If df = 10, Cowboys are more honest than Indians. 
B)  If df = 10, Indians are more honest than Cowboys. 
C)  If df = 26, Cowboys and Indians are not significantly different. 
D)  None of the other alternatives are correct.

Question 5

The two kinds of t tests described in Chapter 10 were independent samples and orthogonal samples.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Data Set 10-1: A college teacher was assigned 4 freshmen advisees. He administered an attitude scale that measured liberalism-conservatism. Four years later, just before graduation, all 4 took the same scale again. High scores indicate conservative attitude. The following scores were obtained.
 $$\begin{array} { c c } 
2006 & 2010 \
\hline 26 & 15 \
22 & 23 \
17 & 14 \
15 & 10
\end{array}$$
-A t test of Data Set 10-1 would result in a t value of

Accepted Answer

A)  1.60 
B)  0.90 
C)  0.61 
D)  1.80 
A)  1.60 
B)  0.90 
C)  0.61 
D)  1.80

Question 7

A "significant"event in statistics is one that is

Accepted Answer

A)  important 
B)  true 
C)  not attributed to chance 
D)  all of the descriptive alternatives are correct. 
A)  important 
B)  true 
C)  not attributed to chance 
D)  all of the descriptive alternatives are correct.

Question 8

In which of the following would an increase from a smaller number to a larger number produce a more powerful statistical test?

Accepted Answer

A)  $\alpha$ 
B)  $\beta$ 
C)  both of the descriptive alternatives are correct 
D)  neither of the descriptive alternatives is correct. 
A)  $\alpha$ 
B)  $\beta$ 
C)  both of the descriptive alternatives are correct 
D)  neither of the descriptive alternatives is correct.

Question 9

In an independent samples design, the Dog's mean was 54.0 and the Cat's mean was 53.9. Larger scores are better. A t value of 2.50 was calculated and an $\alpha$ level of .05 adopted. Which conclusion is appropriate with a 2-tailed test?

Accepted Answer

A)  If df = 5, Dogs are significantly better than Cats. 
B)  If df = 4, Cats are significantly better than Dogs. 
C)  If df = 10, Dogs are significantly better than Cats. 
D)  If df = 8, Cats are significantly better than Dogs. 
E)  If df = 9, Dogs are not significantly different from Cats.
F) Not enough information is given information required is 
A)  If df = 5, Dogs are significantly better than Cats. 
B)  If df = 4, Cats are significantly better than Dogs. 
C)  If df = 10, Dogs are significantly better than Cats. 
D)  If df = 8, Cats are significantly better than Dogs. 
E)  If df = 9, Dogs are not significantly different from Cats.
F) Not enough information is given information required is

Question 10

The amount of difference that exists between two populations with unknown means (which you sample from) is the issue of

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothesis testing or confidence intervals 
B)  Type I and Type II errors 
C)  the .05 or .01$\alpha$level 
D)  effect size. 
A)  hypothesis testing or confidence intervals 
B)  Type I and Type II errors 
C)  the .05 or .01$\alpha$level 
D)  effect size.

Question 11

Identify each experiment below as an independent samples design or a paired samples design.
-A consumer-testing group compared Boraxo and Tide to determine which got stuff whiter. Sheets that had been placed for 12 hours in a bathtub of mud were washed and the amount of light reflected was measured with a photometer.

Accepted Answer

A)  independent 
B)  paired 
A)  independent 
B)  paired

Question 12

For a two-sample t test, an effect size that is considered small is

Accepted Answer

A)  0.05 
B)  0.10 
C)  0.20 
D)  all of the descriptive alternatives are correct 
E)  none of the descriptive alternatives are correct. 
A)  0.05 
B)  0.10 
C)  0.20 
D)  all of the descriptive alternatives are correct 
E)  none of the descriptive alternatives are correct.

Question 13

Which of the following describes a correct decision?

Accepted Answer

A)  two identical populations and the null hypothesis was rejected 
B)  two different populations and the null hypothesis was retained 
C)  both of the descriptive alternatives are correct 
D)  neither of the descriptive alternatives is correct. 
A)  two identical populations and the null hypothesis was rejected 
B)  two different populations and the null hypothesis was retained 
C)  both of the descriptive alternatives are correct 
D)  neither of the descriptive alternatives is correct.

Question 14

Your textbook recommends sample sizes of 30 or more to ensure that the p values from a t test be reliable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Sampling from populations that are normally distributed and have equal variances and using random assignment are considerations in deciding whether

Accepted Answer

A)  to use a one- or two-tailed test 
B)  you have enough power in your experiment 
C)  the p value is accurate and your conclusion is correct 
D)  to use hypothesis testing or confidence intervals. 
A)  to use a one- or two-tailed test 
B)  you have enough power in your experiment 
C)  the p value is accurate and your conclusion is correct 
D)  to use hypothesis testing or confidence intervals.

Question 16

Identify for each description a) the independent variable, b) the dependent variable, and c) whether a paired or an independent-samples design is being described.
-Marty was interested in applications of psychology to business (industrial/organizational psychology). For his independent project in Research Methods, he determined how many seconds it took participants to choose the correct key from a key ring and unlock a door. The lighting conditions were poor. Eighteen of the participants had color-coded keys and sixteen had texture-coded keys.a) Independent variable _______________b) Dependent variable ______________c) Design ______________

Accepted Answer

a. code (color or te

Question 17

Ten females were divided into two equal groups. One group was taught how to concentrate on their breathing (a breathing meditation). A second group was told to imagine that the day was very hot and that they would be allowed to place their hand in cool water. Both groups placed their right hand in buckets of ice water for three minutes. Afterward, they rated their pain on a scale of one to seven (with seven meaning intense pain). Analyze the data and write a conclusion. $$\begin{array} { c c } 
\text { Breathing Meditation } & \text { Imagination } \
\hline 3 & 4 \
2 & 5 \
4 & 7 \
3 & 6 \
2 & 6
\end{array}$$

Accepted Answer

= 3.355 Reject the null hypoth

Question 18

Data Set 10-3: An experimenter matched by weight four pairs of volunteers. One member of each pair was randomly assigned to one of the two groups. One group fasted for 24 hours and the other for 48 hours. Scores below represent the number of ounces of Yummi (very vanilla) consumed during the first 10 minutes after the fast. Test for a difference at the .05 level.
 $$\begin{array} { c c } 
24 \text { hours } & 48 \text { hours } \
\hline 26 & 18 \
35 & 24 \
23 & 17 \
30 & 14
\end{array}$$
-The experiment described in Data Set 10-3 is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  a paired samples design 
B)  an independent samples design 
C)  determining the probability that a sample was drawn from a population with a known mean 
D)  cannot be determined from the information given. 
A)  a paired samples design 
B)  an independent samples design 
C)  determining the probability that a sample was drawn from a population with a known mean 
D)  cannot be determined from the information given.

Question 19

Identify the following as paired samples or independent samples. In each case, give the appropriate df.
-A psychologist gave a pretest and matched each participant with another participant. Half were given an amphetamine and half were given a placebo. All 40 participants then learned a new task.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the following as paired samples or...

Question 20

If you find that there is a logical reason to pair the scores from the two groups in a two-group experiment, you know that you

Accepted Answer

A)  have an independent-samples design 
B)  have a paired-samples design 
C)  should use a two-tailed critical value 
D)  can use confidence intervals but not hypothesis testing. 
A)  have an independent-samples design 
B)  have a paired-samples design 
C)  should use a two-tailed critical value 
D)  can use confidence intervals but not hypothesis testing.

The simple experiment described in Chapter 10 compared only two groups.

The t distribution table in the appendix of your text is an example of adistribution.

The two kinds of t tests described in Chapter 10 were independent samples and orthogonal samples.

A "significant"event in statistics is one that is

In which of the following would an increase from a smaller number to a larger number produce a more powerful statistical test?

In an independent samples design, the Dog's mean was 54.0 and the Cat's mean was 53.9. Larger scores are better. A t value of 2.50 was calculated and an $\alpha$ level of .05 adopted. Which conclusion is appropriate with a 2-tailed test?

The amount of difference that exists between two populations with unknown means (which you sample from) is the issue of

For a two-sample t test, an effect size that is considered small is

Which of the following describes a correct decision?

Your textbook recommends sample sizes of 30 or more to ensure that the p values from a t test be reliable.

Sampling from populations that are normally distributed and have equal variances and using random assignment are considerations in deciding whether

Identify the following as paired samples or independent samples. In each case, give the appropriate df. -A psychologist gave a pretest and matched each participant with another participant. Half were given an amphetamine and half were given a placebo. All 40 participants then learned a new task.

If you find that there is a logical reason to pair the scores from the two groups in a two-group experiment, you know that you

Introduction

Exploring Data: Frequency Distributions and Graphs

Exploring Data: Central Tendency

Exploring Data: Variability

Other Descriptive Statistics

Correlation and Regression

Theoretical Distributions Including the Normal Distribution

Samples, Sampling Distributions, and Confidence Intervals

Hypothesis Testing and Effect Size: One-Sample Designs

Analysis of Variance: One-Way Classification

Analysis of Variance: One-Factor Repeated Measures

Analysis of Variance: Factorial Design

Chi Square Tests

More Nonparametric Tests

Appendix: Grouped Frequency Distributions and Central Tendency

Filters

Exam 10: Hypothesis Testing, Effect Size, and and Confidence Intervals: Two-Sample Designs

The simple experiment described in Chapter 10 compared only two groups.

The t distribution table in the appendix of your text is an example of adistribution.

The two kinds of t tests described in Chapter 10 were independent samples and orthogonal samples.

A "significant"event in statistics is one that is

In which of the following would an increase from a smaller number to a larger number produce a more powerful statistical test?

In an independent samples design, the Dog's mean was 54.0 and the Cat's mean was 53.9. Larger scores are better. A t value of 2.50 was calculated and an α\alphaα level of .05 adopted. Which conclusion is appropriate with a 2-tailed test?

The amount of difference that exists between two populations with unknown means (which you sample from) is the issue of

For a two-sample t test, an effect size that is considered small is

Which of the following describes a correct decision?

Your textbook recommends sample sizes of 30 or more to ensure that the p values from a t test be reliable.

Sampling from populations that are normally distributed and have equal variances and using random assignment are considerations in deciding whether

Identify the following as paired samples or independent samples. In each case, give the appropriate df. -A psychologist gave a pretest and matched each participant with another participant. Half were given an amphetamine and half were given a placebo. All 40 participants then learned a new task.

If you find that there is a logical reason to pair the scores from the two groups in a two-group experiment, you know that you

Introduction

Exploring Data: Frequency Distributions and Graphs

Exploring Data: Central Tendency

Exploring Data: Variability

Other Descriptive Statistics

Correlation and Regression

Theoretical Distributions Including the Normal Distribution

Samples, Sampling Distributions, and Confidence Intervals

Hypothesis Testing and Effect Size: One-Sample Designs

Analysis of Variance: One-Way Classification

Analysis of Variance: One-Factor Repeated Measures

Analysis of Variance: Factorial Design

Chi Square Tests

More Nonparametric Tests

Appendix: Grouped Frequency Distributions and Central Tendency

Filters

In an independent samples design, the Dog's mean was 54.0 and the Cat's mean was 53.9. Larger scores are better. A t value of 2.50 was calculated and an $\alpha$ level of .05 adopted. Which conclusion is appropriate with a 2-tailed test?