Question 1

Changes in the _________ are used to identify hypertrophy.

Accepted Answer

A)  P wave 
B)  ST segment 
C)  QRS complex 
D)  PR interval 
A)  P wave 
B)  ST segment 
C)  QRS complex 
D)  PR interval C

Question 2

Right ventricular hypertrophy is far more common than left ventricular hypertrophy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Secondary repolarization abnormalities associated with severe left ventricular hypertrophy are best seen in leads:

Accepted Answer

A)  V1, V2 
B)  V3, V4 
C)  V5, V6 
D)  I, II, and III 
A)  V1, V2 
B)  V3, V4 
C)  V5, V6 
D)  I, II, and III C

Question 4

The P wave changes in right atrial enlargement are termed:

Accepted Answer

A)  P mitrale 
B)  P pulmonale 
C)  P mega 
D)  P delta 
A)  P mitrale 
B)  P pulmonale 
C)  P mega 
D)  P delta

Question 5

The term biphasic means that a waveform has both a positive and negative deflection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Moving from the right to the left chest leads the R waves

Accepted Answer

A)  go from smaller to larger 
B)  remain about the same size 
C)  go from smaller to biphasic 
D)  go from larger to smaller 
A)  go from smaller to larger 
B)  remain about the same size 
C)  go from smaller to biphasic 
D)  go from larger to smaller

Question 7

The ECG is a useful tool for distinguishing between hypertrophy and enlargement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following are true regarding hypertrophy?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a condition in which the ventricular muscular wall(s) become flaccid and weak. 
B)  It results from the ventricle having to pump against abnormally low resistance within the cardiovascular system. 
C)  It occurs when the chamber dilates to accommodate the increased blood. 
D)  Causes of hypertrophy include systemic hypertension and aortic stenosis. 
A)  It is a condition in which the ventricular muscular wall(s) become flaccid and weak. 
B)  It results from the ventricle having to pump against abnormally low resistance within the cardiovascular system. 
C)  It occurs when the chamber dilates to accommodate the increased blood. 
D)  Causes of hypertrophy include systemic hypertension and aortic stenosis.

Question 9

A/an __________ is an indicator of left atrial enlargement.

Accepted Answer

A)  negative or downward deflecting P wave 
B)  increase in the amplitude of the terminal portion of the P wave 
C)  decrease in the duration of the P wave 
D)  increase in the amplitude of the first part of the P wave 
A)  negative or downward deflecting P wave 
B)  increase in the amplitude of the terminal portion of the P wave 
C)  decrease in the duration of the P wave 
D)  increase in the amplitude of the first part of the P wave

Question 10

The duration of the normal P wave is _______ seconds, while its amplitude should not exceed _______ mm.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.04 to 0.12, 2.0 
B)  less than 0.10, 2.5 
C)  0.06 to 0.10, 2.5 
D)  0.06 to 0.08, 3.5 
A)  0.04 to 0.12, 2.0 
B)  less than 0.10, 2.5 
C)  0.06 to 0.10, 2.5 
D)  0.06 to 0.08, 3.5

Question 11

The P wave changes in left atrial enlargement are termed:

Accepted Answer

A)  P mitrale 
B)  P pulmonale 
C)  P mega 
D)  P delta 
A)  P mitrale 
B)  P pulmonale 
C)  P mega 
D)  P delta

Question 12

Left atrial enlargement can result from mitral insufficiency.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Enlargement and hypertrophy often exist together as both are ways in which the heart tries to increase its cardiac output.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In lead V1, normal P waves can have both a positive and negative deflection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

It is the limb leads that are mainly used to identify ventricular hypertrophy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Changes seen in the ECG that indicate the presence of enlargement or hypertrophy include:

Accepted Answer

A)  a decrease in duration of the waveform. 
B)  an increase in the amplitude of the waveform. 
C)  axis deviation. 
D)  b & c 
A)  a decrease in duration of the waveform. 
B)  an increase in the amplitude of the waveform. 
C)  axis deviation. 
D)  b & c

Question 17

The QRS complex is normally ______ seconds in duration and the mean QRS axis lies between __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  greater than 0.12, +90F $\degree$ and +180 $\degree$ 
B)  less than 0.10, 0 $\degree$and +90 $\degree$ 
C)  less than 0.10, 0 $\degree$ and +30 $\degree$ 
D)  between 0.12 and 0.20, 0 $\degree$and +90 $\degree$ 
A)  greater than 0.12, +90F $\degree$ and +180 $\degree$ 
B)  less than 0.10, 0 $\degree$and +90 $\degree$ 
C)  less than 0.10, 0 $\degree$ and +30 $\degree$ 
D)  between 0.12 and 0.20, 0 $\degree$and +90 $\degree$

Question 18

Leads I and aVF provide the necessary information to assess atrial enlargement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Increased S wave amplitude in V1, V2 along with increased R wave amplitude in V5, V6 indicate:

Accepted Answer

A)  preexcitation syndrome. 
B)  left bundle branch block. 
C)  right ventricular hypertrophy. 
D)  left ventricular hypertrophy. 
A)  preexcitation syndrome. 
B)  left bundle branch block. 
C)  right ventricular hypertrophy. 
D)  left ventricular hypertrophy.

Question 20

An enlarged heart chamber:

Accepted Answer

A)  is most often seen with certain types of valvular disease. 
B)  occurs as the result of having to pump against increased systemic vascular resistance. 
C)  cannot hold as much blood as a normal chamber. 
D)  is smaller inside the chamber than a normal chamber. 
A)  is most often seen with certain types of valvular disease. 
B)  occurs as the result of having to pump against increased systemic vascular resistance. 
C)  cannot hold as much blood as a normal chamber. 
D)  is smaller inside the chamber than a normal chamber.

Exam 18: Atrial Enlargement and Ventricular Hypertrophy

Changes in the _________ are used to identify hypertrophy.

Right ventricular hypertrophy is far more common than left ventricular hypertrophy.

Secondary repolarization abnormalities associated with severe left ventricular hypertrophy are best seen in leads:

The P wave changes in right atrial enlargement are termed:

The term biphasic means that a waveform has both a positive and negative deflection.

Moving from the right to the left chest leads the R waves

The ECG is a useful tool for distinguishing between hypertrophy and enlargement.

Which of the following are true regarding hypertrophy?

A/an __________ is an indicator of left atrial enlargement.

The duration of the normal P wave is _______ seconds, while its amplitude should not exceed _______ mm.

The P wave changes in left atrial enlargement are termed:

Left atrial enlargement can result from mitral insufficiency.

Enlargement and hypertrophy often exist together as both are ways in which the heart tries to increase its cardiac output.

In lead V1, normal P waves can have both a positive and negative deflection.

It is the limb leads that are mainly used to identify ventricular hypertrophy.

Changes seen in the ECG that indicate the presence of enlargement or hypertrophy include:

The QRS complex is normally ______ seconds in duration and the mean QRS axis lies between __________.

Leads I and aVF provide the necessary information to assess atrial enlargement.

Increased S wave amplitude in V1, V2 along with increased R wave amplitude in V5, V6 indicate:

An enlarged heart chamber:

Anatomy and Electrophysiology of the Heart

The Electrocardiogram

Analyzing the Electrocardiogram

Heart Rate

Regularity

P-Waves

QRS Complexes

PR Intervals

ST Segments, T-Waves, QT Intervals, and U-Waves

Overview of Dysrhythmias

Origin and Clinical Aspects of Sinus Node Dysrhythmias

Origin and Clinical Aspects of Atrial Dysrhythmias

Origin and Clinical Aspects of Junctional Dysrhythmias

Origin and Clinical Aspects of Ventricular Dysrhythmias

Origin and Clinical Aspects of AV Heart Blocks

Pacemakers and Implanted Cardioverter-Defibrillators

12 Lead ECGS

Bundle Branch Block

Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction

Other Cardiac Conditions and the ECG

Putting It All Together

Filters

The duration of the normal P wave is _ seconds, while its amplitude should not exceed _ mm.

The QRS complex is normally seconds in duration and the mean QRS axis lies between ____.