Question 1

In contrast to an American woman showing her hair, the custom for Muslim women is to wear a ________ or scarf to cover their hair.

Accepted Answer

A)  fedora 
B)  veil 
C)  baseball cap 
D)  hijab 
A)  fedora 
B)  veil 
C)  baseball cap 
D)  hijab

Question 2

The key to avoiding inflexible ethnocentrism lies in our ___________ our own ethnocentrism.

Accepted Answer

A)  acceptance of 
B)  resistance to 
C)  awareness of 
D)  willingness to ignore 
A)  acceptance of 
B)  resistance to 
C)  awareness of 
D)  willingness to ignore

Question 3

Favoring others with whom we identify over those whom we perceive as different is also known as

Accepted Answer

A)  group preference. 
B)  ingroup bias. 
C)  outgroup stereotype. 
D)  group bond. 
A)  group preference. 
B)  ingroup bias. 
C)  outgroup stereotype. 
D)  group bond.

Question 4

Morgan perceives her cheerleading group as significantly better at stunts, even though their team came in second in the championships. Morgan's bias for her own team illustrates the concept of

Accepted Answer

A)  esteem enhancement. 
B)  social identity theory. 
C)  group membership inflation. 
D)  solidarity. 
A)  esteem enhancement. 
B)  social identity theory. 
C)  group membership inflation. 
D)  solidarity.

Question 5

Although Samantha studied hard, she had trouble earning grades higher than a C. Her father, frustrated by her lackluster performance, remarked she would never succeed at this rate. Samantha soon gave up trying, and her grades slipped from Cs to Ds and Fs. Her behavior is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  self-fulfilling prophecy. 
B)  individualistic expectation. 
C)  power distance. 
D)  behavioristic expectation. 
A)  self-fulfilling prophecy. 
B)  individualistic expectation. 
C)  power distance. 
D)  behavioristic expectation.

Question 6

According to Neuberg and Newsom (1993), people scoring higher on the Personal Need for Structure scale are

Accepted Answer

A)  less likely to stereotype. 
B)  find it more difficult to stereotype. 
C)  more likely to stereotype. 
D)  equally likely to stereotype as are individuals who score lower on the same scale. 
A)  less likely to stereotype. 
B)  find it more difficult to stereotype. 
C)  more likely to stereotype. 
D)  equally likely to stereotype as are individuals who score lower on the same scale.

Question 7

According to cross-cultural research on the key factors that contribute to prejudice, although some factors are probably unavoidable, others can be

Accepted Answer

A)  examined. 
B)  demonstrated. 
C)  overcome. 
D)  inevitable. 
A)  examined. 
B)  demonstrated. 
C)  overcome. 
D)  inevitable.

Question 8

____________ is the unfair treatment of a person or group solely on the basis of their group membership.

Accepted Answer

A)  Stereotyping 
B)  Prejudice 
C)  Discrimination 
D)  Alienation 
A)  Stereotyping 
B)  Prejudice 
C)  Discrimination 
D)  Alienation

Question 9

Beth was surprised to hear the John was in a fraternity. "I thought fraternity guys spent every night drinking beer and chasing women. You are a 4.0 student, not a party boy." Beth's difficulty in believing John's fraternity membership stems from her ____________ about fraternity members.

Accepted Answer

A)  prototype 
B)  ingroup bias 
C)  assessment 
D)  stereotype 
A)  prototype 
B)  ingroup bias 
C)  assessment 
D)  stereotype

Question 10

In Tajfel's (1971) research, individuals labeled as "underestimators" and "overestimators" responded to other "underestimator" and "overestimator" participants by

Accepted Answer

A)  awarding more points to individuals with the same group label as themselves. 
B)  awarding more points to individuals with a different group label than themselves. 
C)  awarding points equally across other participating groups. 
D)  awarding points based on criteria other than the group label. 
A)  awarding more points to individuals with the same group label as themselves. 
B)  awarding more points to individuals with a different group label than themselves. 
C)  awarding points equally across other participating groups. 
D)  awarding points based on criteria other than the group label.

Question 11

Elaine is an engineering professor. Since there aren't a lot of female students in her classes, she regularly encourages them to read biographies of successful female engineers and attend events where female engineers speak. This exposure to female engineers is an effective technique to combat ______________ among the women in Elaine's classes.

Accepted Answer

A)  ethnocentrism 
B)  stereotype threat 
C)  group formation 
D)  ingroup bias 
A)  ethnocentrism 
B)  stereotype threat 
C)  group formation 
D)  ingroup bias

Question 12

One example of the confirmation bias is the type of information remembered about ingroup and outgroup members. Which of the following statements best describes this relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  We are less likely to remember positive acts conducted by members of our ingroup and more likely to remember positive acts performed by those in the outgroup. 
B)  We are equally likely to remember positive and negative acts regardless of ingroup-outgroup status. 
C)  We are more likely to remember negative acts conducted by members of our ingroup and positive acts performed by those in the outgroup. 
D)  We are more likely to remember positive acts conducted by members of our ingroup and more likely to remember negative acts performed by those in the outgroup. 
A)  We are less likely to remember positive acts conducted by members of our ingroup and more likely to remember positive acts performed by those in the outgroup. 
B)  We are equally likely to remember positive and negative acts regardless of ingroup-outgroup status. 
C)  We are more likely to remember negative acts conducted by members of our ingroup and positive acts performed by those in the outgroup. 
D)  We are more likely to remember positive acts conducted by members of our ingroup and more likely to remember negative acts performed by those in the outgroup.

Question 13

_______________ theory suggests we may learn our prejudicial behaviors and attitudes from role models in our environment.

Accepted Answer

A)  Realistic group conflict 
B)  Group identity 
C)  Social learning 
D)  Relative deprivation 
A)  Realistic group conflict 
B)  Group identity 
C)  Social learning 
D)  Relative deprivation

Question 14

In the Robbers' Cave study (Sherif, 1966), 22 well-adjusted boys were assigned to one of two groups, the __________ or the

Accepted Answer

A)  Garter Snakes; Blue Jays. 
B)  Eagles; Rattlers. 
C)  good boys; bad boys. 
D)  baseball team; basketball team. 
A)  Garter Snakes; Blue Jays. 
B)  Eagles; Rattlers. 
C)  good boys; bad boys. 
D)  baseball team; basketball team.

Question 15

Which of the following is the best specific way to develop flexible ethnocentrism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Accept your own culture. 
B)  Resist learning about other cultures. 
C)  Ignore differences in others. 
D)  Spend time with someone who seems different from you. 
A)  Accept your own culture. 
B)  Resist learning about other cultures. 
C)  Ignore differences in others. 
D)  Spend time with someone who seems different from you.

Question 16

Individuals from __________ cultures value relationships over time efficiency.

Accepted Answer

A)  polychronic 
B)  individualistic 
C)  high power distance 
D)  masculine 
A)  polychronic 
B)  individualistic 
C)  high power distance 
D)  masculine

Question 17

One promising technique to protect students from stereotype threat involves asking them to write short affirmations of their _____________, which allows students to strengthen facets of their identity, thus making them less vulnerable to threats.

Accepted Answer

A)  values 
B)  accomplishments 
C)  wishes 
D)  mistakes 
A)  values 
B)  accomplishments 
C)  wishes 
D)  mistakes

Question 18

One societal factor that increases prejudice of one group against another is when the dominant group of the country feels threatened by

Accepted Answer

A)  the loss of a large group of emigrants from another country. 
B)  changes in expectations for the population. 
C)  the influx of a large group of immigrants from another country. 
D)  government intervention associated with economic changes. 
A)  the loss of a large group of emigrants from another country. 
B)  changes in expectations for the population. 
C)  the influx of a large group of immigrants from another country. 
D)  government intervention associated with economic changes.

Question 19

According to Swann, identity fusion is an extreme version of __________________ that occurs when someone's personal identity merges with their group identity.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-enhancement 
B)  stereotyping 
C)  ingroup bias 
D)  group formation 
A)  self-enhancement 
B)  stereotyping 
C)  ingroup bias 
D)  group formation

Question 20

UNICEF reports that ______________ of the world's illiterate population is female.

Accepted Answer

A)  three-eighths 
B)  one-quarter 
C)  one-half 
D)  two-thirds 
A)  three-eighths 
B)  one-quarter 
C)  one-half 
D)  two-thirds

In contrast to an American woman showing her hair, the custom for Muslim women is to wear a ________ or scarf to cover their hair.

The key to avoiding inflexible ethnocentrism lies in our ___________ our own ethnocentrism.

Favoring others with whom we identify over those whom we perceive as different is also known as

Morgan perceives her cheerleading group as significantly better at stunts, even though their team came in second in the championships. Morgan's bias for her own team illustrates the concept of

Although Samantha studied hard, she had trouble earning grades higher than a C. Her father, frustrated by her lackluster performance, remarked she would never succeed at this rate. Samantha soon gave up trying, and her grades slipped from Cs to Ds and Fs. Her behavior is an example of

According to Neuberg and Newsom (1993), people scoring higher on the Personal Need for Structure scale are

According to cross-cultural research on the key factors that contribute to prejudice, although some factors are probably unavoidable, others can be

____________ is the unfair treatment of a person or group solely on the basis of their group membership.

Beth was surprised to hear the John was in a fraternity. "I thought fraternity guys spent every night drinking beer and chasing women. You are a 4.0 student, not a party boy." Beth's difficulty in believing John's fraternity membership stems from her ____________ about fraternity members.

In Tajfel's (1971) research, individuals labeled as "underestimators" and "overestimators" responded to other "underestimator" and "overestimator" participants by

One example of the confirmation bias is the type of information remembered about ingroup and outgroup members. Which of the following statements best describes this relationship?

_______________ theory suggests we may learn our prejudicial behaviors and attitudes from role models in our environment.

In the Robbers' Cave study (Sherif, 1966), 22 well-adjusted boys were assigned to one of two groups, the __________ or the

Which of the following is the best specific way to develop flexible ethnocentrism?

Individuals from __________ cultures value relationships over time efficiency.

One promising technique to protect students from stereotype threat involves asking them to write short affirmations of their _____________, which allows students to strengthen facets of their identity, thus making them less vulnerable to threats.

One societal factor that increases prejudice of one group against another is when the dominant group of the country feels threatened by

According to Swann, identity fusion is an extreme version of __________________ that occurs when someone's personal identity merges with their group identity.

UNICEF reports that ______________ of the world's illiterate population is female.

Foundations of Human Relations

The Self in Human Relations

How Personality Influences Human Relations

Emotions, Stress, and Human Relations

The Role of Perception in Human Relations

Social Influence in Our Relations With Others

Listening

Verbal and Nonverbal Communication

Conflict and Conflict Resolution

Key Concepts in Intimate Relationships

Filters

Exam 7: Prejudice: Foundations, Causes, Effects, and Remedies

In contrast to an American woman showing her hair, the custom for Muslim women is to wear a ________ or scarf to cover their hair.

The key to avoiding inflexible ethnocentrism lies in our ___________ our own ethnocentrism.

Favoring others with whom we identify over those whom we perceive as different is also known as

Morgan perceives her cheerleading group as significantly better at stunts, even though their team came in second in the championships. Morgan's bias for her own team illustrates the concept of

Although Samantha studied hard, she had trouble earning grades higher than a C. Her father, frustrated by her lackluster performance, remarked she would never succeed at this rate. Samantha soon gave up trying, and her grades slipped from Cs to Ds and Fs. Her behavior is an example of

According to Neuberg and Newsom (1993), people scoring higher on the Personal Need for Structure scale are

According to cross-cultural research on the key factors that contribute to prejudice, although some factors are probably unavoidable, others can be

____________ is the unfair treatment of a person or group solely on the basis of their group membership.

Beth was surprised to hear the John was in a fraternity. "I thought fraternity guys spent every night drinking beer and chasing women. You are a 4.0 student, not a party boy." Beth's difficulty in believing John's fraternity membership stems from her ____________ about fraternity members.

In Tajfel's (1971) research, individuals labeled as "underestimators" and "overestimators" responded to other "underestimator" and "overestimator" participants by

One example of the confirmation bias is the type of information remembered about ingroup and outgroup members. Which of the following statements best describes this relationship?

_______________ theory suggests we may learn our prejudicial behaviors and attitudes from role models in our environment.

In the Robbers' Cave study (Sherif, 1966), 22 well-adjusted boys were assigned to one of two groups, the __________ or the

Which of the following is the best specific way to develop flexible ethnocentrism?

Individuals from __________ cultures value relationships over time efficiency.

One promising technique to protect students from stereotype threat involves asking them to write short affirmations of their _____________, which allows students to strengthen facets of their identity, thus making them less vulnerable to threats.

One societal factor that increases prejudice of one group against another is when the dominant group of the country feels threatened by

According to Swann, identity fusion is an extreme version of __________________ that occurs when someone's personal identity merges with their group identity.

UNICEF reports that ______________ of the world's illiterate population is female.

Foundations of Human Relations

The Self in Human Relations

How Personality Influences Human Relations

Emotions, Stress, and Human Relations

The Role of Perception in Human Relations

Social Influence in Our Relations With Others

Listening

Verbal and Nonverbal Communication

Conflict and Conflict Resolution

Key Concepts in Intimate Relationships

Filters