Exam 6: Qualitative and Quantitative Sampling

Refer to the following paragraph to answer the questions below. Professor Alco Drunkman studied class level and drinking behavior at Wild State University in Boozville, Texas. Every student is required to live in one of six twenty-story-tall dormitories, and has a single room. All dormitory room phone numbers began with the prefix 747 or 757 (e.g., phone numbers are 747-0001 to 757-9999). He used the student telephone directory, and after a random start selected every 15th student. He then mailed a questionnaire to the 1,000 students selected and had two follow-up postcard reminders. A total of 900 students returned questionnaires. Later, he asked the university registrar whether any students were omitted from the directory. -What is Drunkman's population?

Talk about: -sample

Refer to the following paragraph to answer the questions below. The Young Children's Charity would like to provide an accurate estimate of how much it costs to raise a child between the ages of 2 and 12 each year for its fundraising campaign. They contracted with you to find out how much households spent on raising a child in 2006 for clothing, toys/recreation, education, baby sitting, and a percentage of the expenses for family food, utilities (electricity and gas), transportation, and rent or house payments. They gave you a list 4 million residential telephone customers in the area they will operate the campaign. You sampled every 4,000th address on the list. The Charity will have a professional survey company contact each sampled household by telephone and ask whether or not there is a child between 2 and 12 years old living in the household. If there is, their interviewers will ask other questions and record the total amount spent raising a child in the past two months. They will multiply this amount by 6 to get an annual cost. -How large is your sample?

Refer to the following paragraph to answer the questions below. Professor Alco Drunkman studied class level and drinking behavior at Wild State University in Boozville, Texas. Every student is required to live in one of six twenty-story-tall dormitories, and has a single room. All dormitory room phone numbers began with the prefix 747 or 757 (e.g., phone numbers are 747-0001 to 757-9999). He used the student telephone directory, and after a random start selected every 15th student. He then mailed a questionnaire to the 1,000 students selected and had two follow-up postcard reminders. A total of 900 students returned questionnaires. Later, he asked the university registrar whether any students were omitted from the directory. -Drunkman wants to mail out questionnaires, but he wants to be certain that the sample contains an equal number of freshman, sophomore, junior, and senior students. He asks you to draw a stratified sample. What is the best way to draw the sample?

Refer to the following paragraph to answer the questions below. Professor Alco Drunkman studied class level and drinking behavior at Wild State University in Boozville, Texas. Every student is required to live in one of six twenty-story-tall dormitories, and has a single room. All dormitory room phone numbers began with the prefix 747 or 757 (e.g., phone numbers are 747-0001 to 757-9999). He used the student telephone directory, and after a random start selected every 15th student. He then mailed a questionnaire to the 1,000 students selected and had two follow-up postcard reminders. A total of 900 students returned questionnaires. Later, he asked the university registrar whether any students were omitted from the directory. -Professor Drunkman's questionnaire asked each student to name every other student with whom they drank during the past two months. Dry Temperance, his assistant, sent a questionnaire to each person named by students in the first sample in which the same question was asked. Ms. Temperance next sent a questionnaire to everyone named as a drinking partner in the second sample and so on until she had sent out ten different waves of questionnaires. She then drew up a list of all students who drank with anyone else that returned a questionnaire, and used it as a sample for a study on drinking networks on campus. What kind of sampling was Ms. Temperance using?

Talk about: -sampling ratio

If you use this, you do not give an exact estimate of the population parameter. Instead the range is from a little below and a little above your best estimate of the population parameter based on statistics about the sampling error from your random sample and how certain you want to be of an answer.

Explain how the logic of sampling is related to the logic of measurement related.

Talk about: -sampling element

Talk about: -haphazard sampling

Refer to the following paragraph to answer the questions below. Professor Alco Drunkman studied class level and drinking behavior at Wild State University in Boozville, Texas. Every student is required to live in one of six twenty-story-tall dormitories, and has a single room. All dormitory room phone numbers began with the prefix 747 or 757 (e.g., phone numbers are 747-0001 to 757-9999). He used the student telephone directory, and after a random start selected every 15th student. He then mailed a questionnaire to the 1,000 students selected and had two follow-up postcard reminders. A total of 900 students returned questionnaires. Later, he asked the university registrar whether any students were omitted from the directory. -What is Drunkman's sampling frame?

Refer to the following paragraph to answer the questions below. Market researcher Shoko Yamamoto wants to test whether men like a new flavor of yogurt, which tastes like cigar smoke and beer, more than women. She has assistants go to four large grocery stores and distribute samples on each Saturday in April. In addition to distributing yogurt in white cups to anyone, the assistants give 50 samples in blue cups to adult males shopping alone and 50 samples in pink cups to adult females shopping alone. Afterwards, the assistants check nearby shelves and in a nearby garbage can to locate the used blue and pink cups. They measure whether more waste (i.e. uneaten yogurt) was left in blue or pink cups. -What type of sampling was used in the study?

Refer to the following paragraph to answer the questions below. The Young Children's Charity would like to provide an accurate estimate of how much it costs to raise a child between the ages of 2 and 12 each year for its fundraising campaign. They contracted with you to find out how much households spent on raising a child in 2006 for clothing, toys/recreation, education, baby sitting, and a percentage of the expenses for family food, utilities (electricity and gas), transportation, and rent or house payments. They gave you a list 4 million residential telephone customers in the area they will operate the campaign. You sampled every 4,000th address on the list. The Charity will have a professional survey company contact each sampled household by telephone and ask whether or not there is a child between 2 and 12 years old living in the household. If there is, their interviewers will ask other questions and record the total amount spent raising a child in the past two months. They will multiply this amount by 6 to get an annual cost. -How large is his sample?

Refer to the following paragraph to answer the questions below. Professor Alco Drunkman studied class level and drinking behavior at Wild State University in Boozville, Texas. Every student is required to live in one of six twenty-story-tall dormitories, and has a single room. All dormitory room phone numbers began with the prefix 747 or 757 (e.g., phone numbers are 747-0001 to 757-9999). He used the student telephone directory, and after a random start selected every 15th student. He then mailed a questionnaire to the 1,000 students selected and had two follow-up postcard reminders. A total of 900 students returned questionnaires. Later, he asked the university registrar whether any students were omitted from the directory. -What type of sampling did Drunkman use?

Talk about: -inferential statistics

Refer to the following paragraph to answer the questions below. The Young Children's Charity would like to provide an accurate estimate of how much it costs to raise a child between the ages of 2 and 12 each year for its fundraising campaign. They contracted with you to find out how much households spent on raising a child in 2006 for clothing, toys/recreation, education, baby sitting, and a percentage of the expenses for family food, utilities (electricity and gas), transportation, and rent or house payments. They gave you a list 4 million residential telephone customers in the area they will operate the campaign. You sampled every 4,000th address on the list. The Charity will have a professional survey company contact each sampled household by telephone and ask whether or not there is a child between 2 and 12 years old living in the household. If there is, their interviewers will ask other questions and record the total amount spent raising a child in the past two months. They will multiply this amount by 6 to get an annual cost. -Which of the following samples will have the SMALLEST sampling error? [NOTE: The standard deviation measures diversity with a larger number indicating greater heterogeneity and diversity.]

Talk about: -population

Talk about: -sequential sampling

Refer to the following paragraph to answer the questions below. Professor Alco Drunkman studied class level and drinking behavior at Wild State University in Boozville, Texas. Every student is required to live in one of six twenty-story-tall dormitories, and has a single room. All dormitory room phone numbers began with the prefix 747 or 757 (e.g., phone numbers are 747-0001 to 757-9999). He used the student telephone directory, and after a random start selected every 15th student. He then mailed a questionnaire to the 1,000 students selected and had two follow-up postcard reminders. A total of 900 students returned questionnaires. Later, he asked the university registrar whether any students were omitted from the directory. -About how many students are listed in the 2002 Wild State University student telephone directory?

Talk about: -target population