Question 1

From the limited natural history research on speech sound disorders in children, it has been suggested that:

Accepted Answer

A)  most children with speech sound disorders improve without intervention. 
B)  most children with speech sound disorders will not improve without intervention. 
C)  at least half of young children with speech sound disorders will not improve without intervention. 
D)  children should not be given intervention and left to improve naturally. 
A)  most children with speech sound disorders improve without intervention. 
B)  most children with speech sound disorders will not improve without intervention. 
C)  at least half of young children with speech sound disorders will not improve without intervention. 
D)  children should not be given intervention and left to improve naturally. C

Question 2

Based on research by Felsenfeld et al. (1994), adults with a history of speech sound disorder are:

Accepted Answer

A)  more likely to be employed in semi-skilled or unskilled jobs compared with others of the same gender and no history of a speech sound disorder. 
B)  likely to be dissatisfied with their employment compared with others of the same gender with no history of a speech sound disorder. 
C)  likely to be employed in a variety of jobs regardless of skill level (i.e., skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled). 
D)  likely to be employed in skilled jobs but not satisfied with their employment when compared with others of the same gender with typical speech. 
A)  more likely to be employed in semi-skilled or unskilled jobs compared with others of the same gender and no history of a speech sound disorder. 
B)  likely to be dissatisfied with their employment compared with others of the same gender with no history of a speech sound disorder. 
C)  likely to be employed in a variety of jobs regardless of skill level (i.e., skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled). 
D)  likely to be employed in skilled jobs but not satisfied with their employment when compared with others of the same gender with typical speech. A

Question 3

Compare and contrast findings from three key longitudinal studies that have documented long-term outcomes for children with speech sound disorders.

Accepted Answer

Three key longitudinal studies that have documented long-term outcomes for children with speech sound disorders are the Iowa Study, the Wisconsin Study, and the New Zealand Study.

The Iowa Study, conducted by Shriberg and colleagues, followed a group of children with speech sound disorders from preschool age into adolescence. The study found that children with persistent speech sound disorders were at higher risk for academic difficulties, social and emotional challenges, and continued speech and language impairments into adulthood.

The Wisconsin Study, led by Smit and colleagues, also tracked children with speech sound disorders over time. This study found that children with persistent speech sound disorders were more likely to experience difficulties with reading and writing, as well as higher rates of anxiety and depression compared to their peers.

The New Zealand Study, conducted by McLeod and colleagues, focused on the long-term outcomes of children with speech sound disorders in a different cultural context. This study found that children with persistent speech sound disorders were at increased risk for literacy difficulties, social isolation, and lower self-esteem.

When comparing and contrasting the findings from these three longitudinal studies, it is clear that children with persistent speech sound disorders are at risk for a range of long-term challenges, including academic difficulties, social and emotional issues, and continued speech and language impairments. These findings highlight the importance of early intervention and ongoing support for children with speech sound disorders to improve their long-term outcomes. Additionally, the studies demonstrate the need for culturally sensitive approaches to assessment and intervention for children with speech sound disorders.

Question 4

The average age of referral for children with speech sound disorders is:

Accepted Answer

A)  2;6 years. 
B)  5;6 years. 
C)  4;3 years. 
D)  3;4 years. 
A)  2;6 years. 
B)  5;6 years. 
C)  4;3 years. 
D)  3;4 years.

Question 5

As part of the Templin Longitudinal Study reported by Felsenfeld, Broen, and McGue (1994), it was reported that:

Accepted Answer

A)  adults with a history of speech sound disorder completed fewer years of education, received lower grades, and required more remedial education than those with no history of speech sound disorder. 
B)  adults with a history of speech sound disorder completed similar years of education but received lower grades, and required more remedial education than those with no history of speech sound disorder. 
C)  adults with a history of speech sound disorder had similar outcomes to adults with no history of speech sound disorder. 
D)  adults with a history of speech sound disorder were less satisfied with their educational and occupational outcomes compared to adults with no history of speech sound disorder. 
A)  adults with a history of speech sound disorder completed fewer years of education, received lower grades, and required more remedial education than those with no history of speech sound disorder. 
B)  adults with a history of speech sound disorder completed similar years of education but received lower grades, and required more remedial education than those with no history of speech sound disorder. 
C)  adults with a history of speech sound disorder had similar outcomes to adults with no history of speech sound disorder. 
D)  adults with a history of speech sound disorder were less satisfied with their educational and occupational outcomes compared to adults with no history of speech sound disorder.

Question 6

Temperament(s) that serves as a risk factor regarding the identification of speech and language difficulties in children include:

Accepted Answer

A)  reactive temperament. 
B)  persistent temperament. 
C)  sociable temperament. 
D)  persistent and sociable temperament. 
A)  reactive temperament. 
B)  persistent temperament. 
C)  sociable temperament. 
D)  persistent and sociable temperament.

Question 7

List the child, parent, and family factors considered in research on risk and protective factors for speech sound disorders.

Accepted Answer

Child factors considered in research on

Question 8

Riley (8;3 years) has a moderate-severe speech sound disorder. Based on the outcome research it is likely that Riley is:

Accepted Answer

A)  having difficulty with reading, writing and spelling. 
B)  not having any literacy difficulties but is struggling with numeracy. 
C)  having difficulty remembering words. 
D)  not having any problems at school and he does not have a concomitant language impairment. 
A)  having difficulty with reading, writing and spelling. 
B)  not having any literacy difficulties but is struggling with numeracy. 
C)  having difficulty remembering words. 
D)  not having any problems at school and he does not have a concomitant language impairment.

Question 9

Describe the speech outcomes for the 41 adolescents with persistent speech sound disorder, as reported by Lewis et al. (2015) in the Cleveland Family Speech and Language Study.

Accepted Answer

In the study conducted by Lewis et al. (

Question 10

Using Dollaghan's (2007) conceptualization of E3BP, the three sources of evidence include:

Accepted Answer

A)  internal research evidence, evidence from a clinical practice, and external evidence from patients/clients. 
B)  evidence from research, expert opinion, and evidence from patients/clients. 
C)  research evidence, case study evidence, and practice-based evidence. 
D)  external evidence, internal clinical evidence, and internal evidence from patients/clients. 
A)  internal research evidence, evidence from a clinical practice, and external evidence from patients/clients. 
B)  evidence from research, expert opinion, and evidence from patients/clients. 
C)  research evidence, case study evidence, and practice-based evidence. 
D)  external evidence, internal clinical evidence, and internal evidence from patients/clients.

Question 11

What are possible impacts of speech sound disorders on children's educational, social and occupational outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Speech sound disorders can have signific

Question 12

Glen (4;10 years) has a concomitant language impairment and speech sound disorder. Fiona (4;9 years) has a speech sound disorder only. Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glen is less likely to improve without intervention compared to Fiona. 
B)  Fiona and Glen and equally likely to improve without intervention. 
C)  Fiona and Glen are equally unlikely to improve without intervention. 
D)  Glen will catch up while Fiona will not catch up. 
A)  Glen is less likely to improve without intervention compared to Fiona. 
B)  Fiona and Glen and equally likely to improve without intervention. 
C)  Fiona and Glen are equally unlikely to improve without intervention. 
D)  Glen will catch up while Fiona will not catch up.

Question 13

Outline the historical changes in terminology associated with speech sound disorders in children and discuss the pros and cons of the changes in terminology on clinical practice.

Accepted Answer

Historically, the terminology associated

Question 14

Discuss what is known about the natural history of children with speech sound disorders and the challenges involved in conducting research on natural history.

Accepted Answer

Speech sound disorders (SSD) in children

Question 15

What is the typical profile of a child referred with a suspected speech sound disorder?

Accepted Answer

A child referred with a suspected speech

Question 16

Compare and contrast two case history questionnaires (from an SLP, a local speech-language pathology service or the Internet), and discuss whether the questionnaires address the range of risk and protective factors discussed in

Accepted Answer

Two case history questionnaires that can

Question 17

What prompted the shift in terminology from articulation to articulation and phonology, then to speech sound disorders?

Accepted Answer

The shift in terminology from "articulat

Question 18

As part of the Cleveland Family Study of Speech and Language Disorders, Lewis et al. (2015) reported that if speech sound disorder persists into adolescence, the speech errors can include:

Accepted Answer

A)  errors of syllable omission and the insertion of glottal stops. 
B)  atypical production of velars. 
C)  polysyllable errors only, as all other consonants, vowels and stress patterns have been mastered. 
D)  polysyllable errors, distortions of /s, z,  , l/, substitution errors, phonological processes (e.g., cluster reduction), and possible abnormal voice, prosody, and fluency. 
A)  errors of syllable omission and the insertion of glottal stops. 
B)  atypical production of velars. 
C)  polysyllable errors only, as all other consonants, vowels and stress patterns have been mastered. 
D)  polysyllable errors, distortions of /s, z,  , l/, substitution errors, phonological processes (e.g., cluster reduction), and possible abnormal voice, prosody, and fluency.

Question 19

Natural history refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  descriptions of children with speech sound disorders overtime. 
B)  the progression of a condition, such as speech sound disorders, without intervention. 
C)  chronological accounts of how SLPs have and have not been involved in a child's case overtime. 
D)  retrospective study of the changes in children's speech overtime. 
A)  descriptions of children with speech sound disorders overtime. 
B)  the progression of a condition, such as speech sound disorders, without intervention. 
C)  chronological accounts of how SLPs have and have not been involved in a child's case overtime. 
D)  retrospective study of the changes in children's speech overtime.

Question 20

Prevalence is a statistical concept referring to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of children with speech sound disorders at one point in time. 
B)  the number new cases of children with speech sound disorders reported in a year. 
C)  the combined percentage of children who currently have a speech sound disorder and a history of SSD. 
D)  the pervasiveness of speech sound disorders in children. 
A)  the number of children with speech sound disorders at one point in time. 
B)  the number new cases of children with speech sound disorders reported in a year. 
C)  the combined percentage of children who currently have a speech sound disorder and a history of SSD. 
D)  the pervasiveness of speech sound disorders in children.

From the limited natural history research on speech sound disorders in children, it has been suggested that:

Based on research by Felsenfeld et al. (1994), adults with a history of speech sound disorder are:

Compare and contrast findings from three key longitudinal studies that have documented long-term outcomes for children with speech sound disorders.

The average age of referral for children with speech sound disorders is:

As part of the Templin Longitudinal Study reported by Felsenfeld, Broen, and McGue (1994), it was reported that:

Temperament(s) that serves as a risk factor regarding the identification of speech and language difficulties in children include:

List the child, parent, and family factors considered in research on risk and protective factors for speech sound disorders.

Riley (8;3 years) has a moderate-severe speech sound disorder. Based on the outcome research it is likely that Riley is:

Describe the speech outcomes for the 41 adolescents with persistent speech sound disorder, as reported by Lewis et al. (2015) in the Cleveland Family Speech and Language Study.

Using Dollaghan's (2007) conceptualization of E³BP, the three sources of evidence include:

What are possible impacts of speech sound disorders on children's educational, social and occupational outcomes?

Glen (4;10 years) has a concomitant language impairment and speech sound disorder. Fiona (4;9 years) has a speech sound disorder only. Which of the following statements is true?

Outline the historical changes in terminology associated with speech sound disorders in children and discuss the pros and cons of the changes in terminology on clinical practice.

Discuss what is known about the natural history of children with speech sound disorders and the challenges involved in conducting research on natural history.

What is the typical profile of a child referred with a suspected speech sound disorder?

Compare and contrast two case history questionnaires (from an SLP, a local speech-language pathology service or the Internet), and discuss whether the questionnaires address the range of risk and protective factors discussed in

What prompted the shift in terminology from articulation to articulation and phonology, then to speech sound disorders?

As part of the Cleveland Family Study of Speech and Language Disorders, Lewis et al. (2015) reported that if speech sound disorder persists into adolescence, the speech errors can include:

Natural history refers to:

Prevalence is a statistical concept referring to:

Classification, Causes, and Co-Occurrence

Articulatory Foundations of Speech

Transcription of Speech

Theoretical Foundations of Childrens Speech

Childrens Speech Acquisition

Assessment Preparation, Purpose, and Types

Assessment of Childrens Speech

Analysis of Childrens Speech

Goal Setting

Intervention Principles and Plans

Intervention Procedures and Evaluation

Phonological Intervention Approaches

Articulatory and Motor Speech Intervention Approaches

Evidence-Based Practice in Practice

Individual Children With Speech Sound Disorders: Case Studies

Filters

Exam 1: Children With Speech Sound Disorders

From the limited natural history research on speech sound disorders in children, it has been suggested that:

Based on research by Felsenfeld et al. (1994), adults with a history of speech sound disorder are:

Compare and contrast findings from three key longitudinal studies that have documented long-term outcomes for children with speech sound disorders.

The average age of referral for children with speech sound disorders is:

As part of the Templin Longitudinal Study reported by Felsenfeld, Broen, and McGue (1994), it was reported that:

Temperament(s) that serves as a risk factor regarding the identification of speech and language difficulties in children include:

List the child, parent, and family factors considered in research on risk and protective factors for speech sound disorders.

Riley (8;3 years) has a moderate-severe speech sound disorder. Based on the outcome research it is likely that Riley is:

Describe the speech outcomes for the 41 adolescents with persistent speech sound disorder, as reported by Lewis et al. (2015) in the Cleveland Family Speech and Language Study.

Using Dollaghan's (2007) conceptualization of E3BP, the three sources of evidence include:

What are possible impacts of speech sound disorders on children's educational, social and occupational outcomes?

Glen (4;10 years) has a concomitant language impairment and speech sound disorder. Fiona (4;9 years) has a speech sound disorder only. Which of the following statements is true?

Outline the historical changes in terminology associated with speech sound disorders in children and discuss the pros and cons of the changes in terminology on clinical practice.

Discuss what is known about the natural history of children with speech sound disorders and the challenges involved in conducting research on natural history.

What is the typical profile of a child referred with a suspected speech sound disorder?

Compare and contrast two case history questionnaires (from an SLP, a local speech-language pathology service or the Internet), and discuss whether the questionnaires address the range of risk and protective factors discussed in

What prompted the shift in terminology from articulation to articulation and phonology, then to speech sound disorders?

As part of the Cleveland Family Study of Speech and Language Disorders, Lewis et al. (2015) reported that if speech sound disorder persists into adolescence, the speech errors can include:

Natural history refers to:

Prevalence is a statistical concept referring to:

Classification, Causes, and Co-Occurrence

Articulatory Foundations of Speech

Transcription of Speech

Theoretical Foundations of Childrens Speech

Childrens Speech Acquisition

Assessment Preparation, Purpose, and Types

Assessment of Childrens Speech

Analysis of Childrens Speech

Goal Setting

Intervention Principles and Plans

Intervention Procedures and Evaluation

Phonological Intervention Approaches

Articulatory and Motor Speech Intervention Approaches

Evidence-Based Practice in Practice

Individual Children With Speech Sound Disorders: Case Studies

Filters

Using Dollaghan's (2007) conceptualization of E³BP, the three sources of evidence include: