Question 1

Vygotsky saw __________ play as the ideal social context for fostering cognitive development in early childhood.

Accepted Answer

A)  make-believe 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  block 
D)  parallel 
A)  make-believe 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  block 
D)  parallel A

Question 2

__________ are strongly associated with childhood injury.

Accepted Answer

A)  Authoritative child rearing and participation in child care 
B)  Poverty, single parenthood, and low parental education 
C)  Family size, rural living, and wealth 
D)  Sociability and secure parental attachment 
A)  Authoritative child rearing and participation in child care 
B)  Poverty, single parenthood, and low parental education 
C)  Family size, rural living, and wealth 
D)  Sociability and secure parental attachment B

Question 3

In the United States,__________ is/are the leading cause of death among school-age children and adolescents.

Accepted Answer

A)  maltreatment 
B)  motor vehicle collisions 
C)  fires 
D)  falls 
A)  maltreatment 
B)  motor vehicle collisions 
C)  fires 
D)  falls B

Question 4

Piaget believed that through __________,young children practice and strengthen newly acquired representational schemes.

Accepted Answer

A)  chance encounters 
B)  pretending 
C)  artistic expression 
D)  talking with others 
A)  chance encounters 
B)  pretending 
C)  artistic expression 
D)  talking with others

Question 5

Vygotsky's theory __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  focuses on how basic motor skills contribute to socially transmitted higher cognitive processes 
B)  pays more attention than Piaget's to the development of basic cognitive processes 
C)  helps us understand the wide cultural variation in children's cognitive skills 
D)  addresses how elementary capacities spark changes in children's social experiences 
A)  focuses on how basic motor skills contribute to socially transmitted higher cognitive processes 
B)  pays more attention than Piaget's to the development of basic cognitive processes 
C)  helps us understand the wide cultural variation in children's cognitive skills 
D)  addresses how elementary capacities spark changes in children's social experiences

Question 6

Elias is shown 15 matchbox cars,5 of which are blue and 10 of which are red.When asked,"Are there more red cars or cars?" Elias responds,"More red cars." This class inclusion problem shows that Elias __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  uses animistic thinking 
B)  uses magical thinking 
C)  has mastered the ability to conserve 
D)  has difficulty with hierarchical classification 
A)  uses animistic thinking 
B)  uses magical thinking 
C)  has mastered the ability to conserve 
D)  has difficulty with hierarchical classification

Question 7

Between the ages of 2 and 6,__________.

Accepted Answer

A)  individual differences in body size become less apparent than in infancy and toddlerhood 
B)  children grow more quickly than in infancy and toddlerhood 
C)  approximately 45 new epiphyses emerge in various parts of the skeleton 
D)  girls continue to be slightly taller, heavier, and more muscular than boys 
A)  individual differences in body size become less apparent than in infancy and toddlerhood 
B)  children grow more quickly than in infancy and toddlerhood 
C)  approximately 45 new epiphyses emerge in various parts of the skeleton 
D)  girls continue to be slightly taller, heavier, and more muscular than boys

Question 8

According to Piaget,young children are not capable of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  egocentrism 
B)  operations 
C)  animistic thinking 
D)  dual representation 
A)  egocentrism 
B)  operations 
C)  animistic thinking 
D)  dual representation

Question 9

In child-centered kindergarten programs,__________

Accepted Answer

A)  teachers structure children's learning 
B)  teachers rely on repetition and drill 
C)  children learn through formal lessons 
D)  much learning takes place through play 
A)  teachers structure children's learning 
B)  teachers rely on repetition and drill 
C)  children learn through formal lessons 
D)  much learning takes place through play

Question 10

Dan and Steven are considering getting their 4-year-old son a computer.Which statement can you share with them to best help them understand the value of computers in early childhood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Computers have no educational benefits until children are old enough to read fluently. 
B)  The use of word-processing programs in early childhood inhibits writing skills because the programs revise errors. 
C)  Young children who use computers to draw or write produce much less elaborate pictures and text. 
D)  Computer literacy and math programs expand children's general knowledge. 
A)  Computers have no educational benefits until children are old enough to read fluently. 
B)  The use of word-processing programs in early childhood inhibits writing skills because the programs revise errors. 
C)  Young children who use computers to draw or write produce much less elaborate pictures and text. 
D)  Computer literacy and math programs expand children's general knowledge.

Question 11

Which statement accurately reflects the findings of follow-up research on preoperational thought?

Accepted Answer

A)  Piagetian problems contained too many familiar elements. 
B)  Piaget correctly determined that preschoolers are cognitively deficient. 
C)  Piaget missed many naturally occurring instances of effective reasoning by preschoolers. 
D)  Preschoolers rarely think that magic accounts for events they otherwise cannot explain. 
A)  Piagetian problems contained too many familiar elements. 
B)  Piaget correctly determined that preschoolers are cognitively deficient. 
C)  Piaget missed many naturally occurring instances of effective reasoning by preschoolers. 
D)  Preschoolers rarely think that magic accounts for events they otherwise cannot explain.

Question 12

What is one reason the United States lags behind Australia,Canada,Denmark,the Netherlands,Norway,Sweden,and the United Kingdom in immunizations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Uninsured U.S. children do not receive free immunizations. 
B)  Childhood diseases have been virtually eradicated in the United States, making immunization unnecessary. 
C)  Many low-income U.S. families do not have adequate health insurance coverage. 
D)  More U.S. parents are aware that immunizations cause autism. 
A)  Uninsured U.S. children do not receive free immunizations. 
B)  Childhood diseases have been virtually eradicated in the United States, making immunization unnecessary. 
C)  Many low-income U.S. families do not have adequate health insurance coverage. 
D)  More U.S. parents are aware that immunizations cause autism.

Question 13

Even preschoolers with good language skills recall poorly because they __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  prefer to repeat items over and over to remember 
B)  are not able to remember familiar, repeated events 
C)  prefer to intentionally group items that are alike to remember 
D)  are not skilled at using memory strategies 
A)  prefer to repeat items over and over to remember 
B)  are not able to remember familiar, repeated events 
C)  prefer to intentionally group items that are alike to remember 
D)  are not skilled at using memory strategies

Question 14

Many poverty-stricken U.S.children __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  receive free oral rehydration therapy (ORT) 
B)  are shorter in height due to persistent diarrhea 
C)  suffer from developmental impairments due to persistent diarrhea 
D)  do not receive full immunization protection until it is required for school entry 
A)  receive free oral rehydration therapy (ORT) 
B)  are shorter in height due to persistent diarrhea 
C)  suffer from developmental impairments due to persistent diarrhea 
D)  do not receive full immunization protection until it is required for school entry

Question 15

Describe both child-centered preschool and kindergarten programs and academic programs.Which type of programming does the research favor for early childhood?

Accepted Answer

Preschool and kindergarten programs rang

Question 16

Which statement about preventing childhood injuries is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Once they know better, children do not behave in ways that compromise safety. 
B)  Parents should ease off on monitoring preschoolers once they have learned safety rules. 
C)  Because of the high value they place on freedom, American parents rarely ignore safety rules. 
D)  Many parents overestimate young children's knowledge of safety rules. 
A)  Once they know better, children do not behave in ways that compromise safety. 
B)  Parents should ease off on monitoring preschoolers once they have learned safety rules. 
C)  Because of the high value they place on freedom, American parents rarely ignore safety rules. 
D)  Many parents overestimate young children's knowledge of safety rules.

Question 17

The hippocampus plays a vital role in __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  balance and control of body movement 
B)  memory and spatial understanding 
C)  sustained, controlled attention 
D)  processing emotional information 
A)  balance and control of body movement 
B)  memory and spatial understanding 
C)  sustained, controlled attention 
D)  processing emotional information

Question 18

In a Dutch study,mothers who pressured their child to eat __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  were more likely to encourage the child's preference for the offered food 
B)  increased their chances of having an overweight child 
C)  were more likely to have an underweight child 
D)  increased their chances of having a child who made healthy food choices 
A)  were more likely to encourage the child's preference for the offered food 
B)  increased their chances of having an overweight child 
C)  were more likely to have an underweight child 
D)  increased their chances of having a child who made healthy food choices

Question 19

With regard to questions used to elicit children's autobiographical narratives,preschoolers who experience the __________ style recall __________ information about past events.

Accepted Answer

A)  repetitive; more 
B)  elaborative; less 
C)  metacognitive; less 
D)  elaborative; more 
A)  repetitive; more 
B)  elaborative; less 
C)  metacognitive; less 
D)  elaborative; more

Question 20

Expansions __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  are used in all cultures 
B)  increase the complexity of speech 
C)  eliminate errors in speech 
D)  restructure inaccurate speech into correct form 
A)  are used in all cultures 
B)  increase the complexity of speech 
C)  eliminate errors in speech 
D)  restructure inaccurate speech into correct form

Vygotsky saw __________ play as the ideal social context for fostering cognitive development in early childhood.

__________ are strongly associated with childhood injury.

In the United States,__________ is/are the leading cause of death among school-age children and adolescents.

Piaget believed that through __________,young children practice and strengthen newly acquired representational schemes.

Vygotsky's theory __________.

Elias is shown 15 matchbox cars,5 of which are blue and 10 of which are red.When asked,"Are there more red cars or cars?" Elias responds,"More red cars." This class inclusion problem shows that Elias __________.

Between the ages of 2 and 6,__________.

According to Piaget,young children are not capable of __________.

In child-centered kindergarten programs,__________

Dan and Steven are considering getting their 4-year-old son a computer.Which statement can you share with them to best help them understand the value of computers in early childhood?

Which statement accurately reflects the findings of follow-up research on preoperational thought?

What is one reason the United States lags behind Australia,Canada,Denmark,the Netherlands,Norway,Sweden,and the United Kingdom in immunizations?

Even preschoolers with good language skills recall poorly because they __________.

Many poverty-stricken U.S.children __________.

Describe both child-centered preschool and kindergarten programs and academic programs.Which type of programming does the research favor for early childhood?

Which statement about preventing childhood injuries is true?

The hippocampus plays a vital role in __________.

In a Dutch study,mothers who pressured their child to eat __________.

With regard to questions used to elicit children's autobiographical narratives,preschoolers who experience the style recall information about past events.

Expansions __________.

History, theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, birth, and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, dying, and Bereavement

Filters

Exam 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Vygotsky saw __________ play as the ideal social context for fostering cognitive development in early childhood.

__________ are strongly associated with childhood injury.

In the United States,__________ is/are the leading cause of death among school-age children and adolescents.

Piaget believed that through __________,young children practice and strengthen newly acquired representational schemes.

Vygotsky's theory __________.

Elias is shown 15 matchbox cars,5 of which are blue and 10 of which are red.When asked,"Are there more red cars or cars?" Elias responds,"More red cars." This class inclusion problem shows that Elias __________.

Between the ages of 2 and 6,__________.

According to Piaget,young children are not capable of __________.

In child-centered kindergarten programs,__________

Dan and Steven are considering getting their 4-year-old son a computer.Which statement can you share with them to best help them understand the value of computers in early childhood?

Which statement accurately reflects the findings of follow-up research on preoperational thought?

What is one reason the United States lags behind Australia,Canada,Denmark,the Netherlands,Norway,Sweden,and the United Kingdom in immunizations?

Even preschoolers with good language skills recall poorly because they __________.

Many poverty-stricken U.S.children __________.

Describe both child-centered preschool and kindergarten programs and academic programs.Which type of programming does the research favor for early childhood?

Which statement about preventing childhood injuries is true?

The hippocampus plays a vital role in __________.

In a Dutch study,mothers who pressured their child to eat __________.

With regard to questions used to elicit children's autobiographical narratives,preschoolers who experience the __________ style recall __________ information about past events.

Expansions __________.

History, theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, birth, and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, dying, and Bereavement

Filters

With regard to questions used to elicit children's autobiographical narratives,preschoolers who experience the style recall information about past events.