Question 1

The preference of certain cells in V1 to display a preference for the input from one eye is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  hypercolumn. 
B)  binocular disparity. 
C)  ocular dominance. 
D)  none of these. 
A)  hypercolumn. 
B)  binocular disparity. 
C)  ocular dominance. 
D)  none of these. C

Question 2

Imagine a patient who, upon visual field testing, is unable to see light projected anywhere to the left of the point of fixation, regardless which eye is tested. What is your diagnosis and why?

Accepted Answer

The diagnosis for this patient would likely be homonymous hemianopia. This condition is characterized by the loss of vision in the same half of the visual field in both eyes. In this case, the patient is unable to see light projected to the left of the point of fixation, indicating a loss of vision in the right visual field of both eyes.

Homonymous hemianopia is typically caused by damage to the optic tract, which carries visual information from the optic chiasm to the visual cortex in the brain. This damage can be the result of a stroke, traumatic brain injury, or a tumor affecting the visual pathways.

It is important for this patient to undergo further neurological and imaging tests to determine the cause of the homonymous hemianopia and to develop a treatment plan to address the underlying condition. Additionally, the patient may benefit from vision rehabilitation and support to adapt to their visual impairment.

Question 3

Individual neurons in the visual cortex cannot accurately be called "feature detectors" because

Accepted Answer

A)  there are not enough neurons to handle every possible feature. 
B)  individual cells cannot signal the presence of a particular stimulus feature with certainty. 
C)  both there are not enough neurons to handle every possible feature and individual cells cannot signal the presence of a particular stimulus feature with certainty 
D)  neither there are not enough neurons to handle every possible feature nor individual cells cannot signal the presence of a particular stimulus feature with certainty; visual cortical cells can act as "feature detectors" 
A)  there are not enough neurons to handle every possible feature. 
B)  individual cells cannot signal the presence of a particular stimulus feature with certainty. 
C)  both there are not enough neurons to handle every possible feature and individual cells cannot signal the presence of a particular stimulus feature with certainty 
D)  neither there are not enough neurons to handle every possible feature nor individual cells cannot signal the presence of a particular stimulus feature with certainty; visual cortical cells can act as "feature detectors" C

Question 4

Why does a vertical line appear tilted slightly anticlockwise following prolonged exposure to lines tilted slightly clockwise?

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon is known as the tilt aft

Question 5

Approximately 80 percent of the axons of ganglion cells project to the

Accepted Answer

A)  optic chiasm. 
B)  lateral geniculate nucleus. 
C)  superior colliculus. 
D)  none of these 
A)  optic chiasm. 
B)  lateral geniculate nucleus. 
C)  superior colliculus. 
D)  none of these

Question 6

What receptive field properties emerge at the level of the visual cortex?

Accepted Answer

At the level of the visual cortex, sever

Question 7

What is a hypercolumn, and how does this concept relate to cortical magnification?

Accepted Answer

A hypercolumn is a functional unit withi

Question 8

Neurons in the blob regions of the visual cortex

Accepted Answer

A)  are specialized for processing color information. 
B)  receive input from the magnocellular pathway. 
C)  show strong preference for contour orientation. 
D)  are unresponsive to visual stimulation. 
A)  are specialized for processing color information. 
B)  receive input from the magnocellular pathway. 
C)  show strong preference for contour orientation. 
D)  are unresponsive to visual stimulation.

Question 9

Simple cells respond preferentially to

Accepted Answer

A)  orientation. 
B)  direction of motion. 
C)  both orientation and direction of motion 
D)  neither orientation nor direction of motion 
A)  orientation. 
B)  direction of motion. 
C)  both orientation and direction of motion 
D)  neither orientation nor direction of motion

Question 10

Which cells respond best to abrupt fluctuations and rapid motions of light?

Accepted Answer

A)  complex cells 
B)  parvocellular cells 
C)  hypercomplex cells 
D)  magnocellular cells 
A)  complex cells 
B)  parvocellular cells 
C)  hypercomplex cells 
D)  magnocellular cells

Question 11

Sound and sight can reinforce each other in the visual system. They do this through

Accepted Answer

A)  the presence of auditory cells in the optic nerve. 
B)  multisensory cells in the superior colliculus. 
C)  visual cells' output to the temporal lobe. 
D)  multisensory cells in the lateral geniculate nucleus. 
A)  the presence of auditory cells in the optic nerve. 
B)  multisensory cells in the superior colliculus. 
C)  visual cells' output to the temporal lobe. 
D)  multisensory cells in the lateral geniculate nucleus.

Question 12

If Kevin had a permanent loss of color vision owing to damage to a portion of his brain, he would be experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)  prosopagnosia. 
B)  achromatopsia. 
C)  akinetopsia. 
D)  aphasia. 
A)  prosopagnosia. 
B)  achromatopsia. 
C)  akinetopsia. 
D)  aphasia.

Question 13

Which of the following descriptions is a property of the receptive fields of the LGN?

Accepted Answer

A)  The surround is as inhibitory as the surround of a retinal ganglion cell. 
B)  They amplify or accentuate differences in illumination. 
C)  They prefer borders or contours of particular orientations. 
D)  all of these 
A)  The surround is as inhibitory as the surround of a retinal ganglion cell. 
B)  They amplify or accentuate differences in illumination. 
C)  They prefer borders or contours of particular orientations. 
D)  all of these

Question 14

Human V1 contains approximately

Accepted Answer

A)  one million cells (1 x 106). 
B)  125 million cells (1.25 x 108). 
C)  250 million cells (2.5 x 108). 
D)  one billion cells (1 x 109). 
A)  one million cells (1 x 106). 
B)  125 million cells (1.25 x 108). 
C)  250 million cells (2.5 x 108). 
D)  one billion cells (1 x 109).

Question 15

Suppose you encounter a creature whose visual system contains only a P-pathway, not an M-pathway. How might this creature's visual world differ from yours?

Accepted Answer

If a creature's visual system contains o

Question 16

The primary visual cortex is also referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  striate cortex. 
B)  V1. 
C)  Area 17. 
D)  all of these 
A)  striate cortex. 
B)  V1. 
C)  Area 17. 
D)  all of these

Question 17

The fibers of the optic nerve from the _________ part of the retina cross over to the opposite (contralateral) part of the brain at the _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  temporal; optic chiasm 
B)  nasal; optic disk 
C)  nasal; optic chiasm 
D)  temporal; optic disk 
A)  temporal; optic chiasm 
B)  nasal; optic disk 
C)  nasal; optic chiasm 
D)  temporal; optic disk

Question 18

The __________ of the retina is disproportionately represented in its projection area at the visual cortex, a phenomenon called ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  periphery; cortical misrepresentation 
B)  fovea; cortical magnification 
C)  inferior portion; cortical magnification 
D)  nasal part; visual amplification 
E)  all of these 
A)  periphery; cortical misrepresentation 
B)  fovea; cortical magnification 
C)  inferior portion; cortical magnification 
D)  nasal part; visual amplification 
E)  all of these

Question 19

A __________ cortical visual cell will respond to a properly oriented stimulus anywhere within its receptive field.

Accepted Answer

A)  simple 
B)  damaged but viable 
C)  complex 
D)  miniature 
A)  simple 
B)  damaged but viable 
C)  complex 
D)  miniature

Question 20

In the lateral geniculate nucleus, parvocellular cells can be distinguished from magnocellular cells by

Accepted Answer

A)  the shapes of their receptive fields. 
B)  the eye from which they receive input. 
C)  their response selectivity for color. 
D)  all of these 
A)  the shapes of their receptive fields. 
B)  the eye from which they receive input. 
C)  their response selectivity for color. 
D)  all of these

The preference of certain cells in V1 to display a preference for the input from one eye is referred to as

Imagine a patient who, upon visual field testing, is unable to see light projected anywhere to the left of the point of fixation, regardless which eye is tested. What is your diagnosis and why?

Individual neurons in the visual cortex cannot accurately be called "feature detectors" because

Why does a vertical line appear tilted slightly anticlockwise following prolonged exposure to lines tilted slightly clockwise?

Approximately 80 percent of the axons of ganglion cells project to the

What receptive field properties emerge at the level of the visual cortex?

What is a hypercolumn, and how does this concept relate to cortical magnification?

Neurons in the blob regions of the visual cortex

Simple cells respond preferentially to

Which cells respond best to abrupt fluctuations and rapid motions of light?

Sound and sight can reinforce each other in the visual system. They do this through

If Kevin had a permanent loss of color vision owing to damage to a portion of his brain, he would be experiencing

Which of the following descriptions is a property of the receptive fields of the LGN?

Human V1 contains approximately

Suppose you encounter a creature whose visual system contains only a P-pathway, not an M-pathway. How might this creature's visual world differ from yours?

The primary visual cortex is also referred to as

The fibers of the optic nerve from the _ part of the retina cross over to the opposite (contralateral) part of the brain at the _.

The of the retina is disproportionately represented in its projection area at the visual cortex, a phenomenon called _.

A __________ cortical visual cell will respond to a properly oriented stimulus anywhere within its receptive field.

In the lateral geniculate nucleus, parvocellular cells can be distinguished from magnocellular cells by

Introduction to Perception

The Human Eye

The Eye and Seeing

Spatial Vision and Patten Perception

Object Perception: Recognizing the Things We See

Color Perception

Seeing a Three-Dimensional World

Action and the Perception of Events

The Ear and Auditory System

Hearing and Listening

Speech and Music Perception

Touch

Chemical Senses L: Smell

Chemical Senses Ll: Taste

Filters

Exam 4: Central Visual Pathways

The preference of certain cells in V1 to display a preference for the input from one eye is referred to as

Imagine a patient who, upon visual field testing, is unable to see light projected anywhere to the left of the point of fixation, regardless which eye is tested. What is your diagnosis and why?

Individual neurons in the visual cortex cannot accurately be called "feature detectors" because

Why does a vertical line appear tilted slightly anticlockwise following prolonged exposure to lines tilted slightly clockwise?

Approximately 80 percent of the axons of ganglion cells project to the

What receptive field properties emerge at the level of the visual cortex?

What is a hypercolumn, and how does this concept relate to cortical magnification?

Neurons in the blob regions of the visual cortex

Simple cells respond preferentially to

Which cells respond best to abrupt fluctuations and rapid motions of light?

Sound and sight can reinforce each other in the visual system. They do this through

If Kevin had a permanent loss of color vision owing to damage to a portion of his brain, he would be experiencing

Which of the following descriptions is a property of the receptive fields of the LGN?

Human V1 contains approximately

Suppose you encounter a creature whose visual system contains only a P-pathway, not an M-pathway. How might this creature's visual world differ from yours?

The primary visual cortex is also referred to as

The fibers of the optic nerve from the _________ part of the retina cross over to the opposite (contralateral) part of the brain at the _________.

The __________ of the retina is disproportionately represented in its projection area at the visual cortex, a phenomenon called ___________.

A __________ cortical visual cell will respond to a properly oriented stimulus anywhere within its receptive field.

In the lateral geniculate nucleus, parvocellular cells can be distinguished from magnocellular cells by

Introduction to Perception

The Human Eye

The Eye and Seeing

Spatial Vision and Patten Perception

Object Perception: Recognizing the Things We See

Color Perception

Seeing a Three-Dimensional World

Action and the Perception of Events

The Ear and Auditory System

Hearing and Listening

Speech and Music Perception

Touch

Chemical Senses L: Smell

Chemical Senses Ll: Taste

Filters

The fibers of the optic nerve from the _ part of the retina cross over to the opposite (contralateral) part of the brain at the _.

The of the retina is disproportionately represented in its projection area at the visual cortex, a phenomenon called _.