Question 1

In the figure below,which letters represent the crest and trough?

Accepted Answer

A) A and B 
B) E and D 
C) C and D 
D) C and B 
A) A and B 
B) E and D 
C) C and D 
D) C and B

Question 2

The density of seawater increases with ________ temperature and ________ salinity.

Accepted Answer

A) increasing;increasing 
B) decreasing;increasing 
C) increasing;decreasing 
D) decreasing;decreasing 
A) increasing;increasing 
B) decreasing;increasing 
C) increasing;decreasing 
D) decreasing;decreasing

Question 3

The form and topography (depth profile)of the ocean floor is termed ________.

Accepted Answer

A) orogeny 
B) bathymetry 
C) allocthony 
D) aquitopography 
A) orogeny 
B) bathymetry 
C) allocthony 
D) aquitopography

Question 4

If the wind is blowing parallel to a coast,will it create an upwelling current or downwelling current?

Accepted Answer

A) It will create an upwelling current. 
B) It will create a downwelling current. 
C) Neither;it will enhance the longshore current. 
D) Neither;it will create a rip current. 
A) It will create an upwelling current. 
B) It will create a downwelling current. 
C) Neither;it will enhance the longshore current. 
D) Neither;it will create a rip current.

Question 5

Which type of coastline would most likely contain estuaries or fjords?

Accepted Answer

A) a subductive coastline 
B) an emergent coastline 
C) a submergent coastline 
D) a divergent coastline 
A) a subductive coastline 
B) an emergent coastline 
C) a submergent coastline 
D) a divergent coastline

Question 6

The deepest segments of the ocean floor are found ________.

Accepted Answer

A) along mid-ocean ridges 
B) in the geographic centers of abyssal plains 
C) in trenches associated with passive margins 
D) in trenches associated with subduction zones 
A) along mid-ocean ridges 
B) in the geographic centers of abyssal plains 
C) in trenches associated with passive margins 
D) in trenches associated with subduction zones

Question 7

The sea surface salinity is ________ at the mouth of the Amazon River and ________ in the Dead Sea.

Accepted Answer

A) low;low 
B) high;low 
C) low;high 
D) high;high 
A) low;low 
B) high;low 
C) low;high 
D) high;high

Question 8

If sea level continues to rise and covers the city of Miami,the Florida coast will become a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

A) emergent coast 
B) submergent coast 
C) continental slope 
D) abyssal plain 
A) emergent coast 
B) submergent coast 
C) continental slope 
D) abyssal plain

Question 9

Thermohaline circulation carries ________ water from the poles to the equator,where the water becomes ________.

Accepted Answer

A) warm;cold 
B) cold;warm 
C) low density;more dense 
D) low density;more salty 
A) warm;cold 
B) cold;warm 
C) low density;more dense 
D) low density;more salty

Question 10

You are a coastal geologist trying to help a coastal community restore its sediment-starved beach.You decide that beach nourishment is the best option,so you order that dredge sediment from the nearest river be placed on the beach.The sediment is 70% silt and 30% sand.What will be the effect of using this sediment?

Accepted Answer

A) The silt will be washed away by the waves,leaving the beach no better off. 
B) The sand will be washed away by the waves,but the silt will fix the problem. 
C) All the sediment will remain on the beach and will fix the problem. 
D) All the sediment will remain on the beach,but it will become muddy and filthy. 
A) The silt will be washed away by the waves,leaving the beach no better off. 
B) The sand will be washed away by the waves,but the silt will fix the problem. 
C) All the sediment will remain on the beach and will fix the problem. 
D) All the sediment will remain on the beach,but it will become muddy and filthy.

Question 11

Barrier islands are constantly moving in the direction of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the longshore drift 
B) the high tide 
C) downwelling 
D) the Coriolis effect 
A) the longshore drift 
B) the high tide 
C) downwelling 
D) the Coriolis effect

Question 12

Which of the following figures shows a coast experiencing high tide?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D

Question 13

Scientists believe that approximately 60 million years ago the closing of the Isthmus of Panama changed the climate of Earth so severely that winters in Europe became 10°C warmer than they had been.Why did this happen?

Accepted Answer

A) Cold Caribbean Sea waters were forced up into the north Atlantic Ocean. 
B) Warm Caribbean Sea waters were forced up into the north Atlantic Ocean. 
C) The ice in the Caribbean Sea was broken apart by plate movements. 
D) A mountain range formed that blocked the movement of cold air into the area. 
A) Cold Caribbean Sea waters were forced up into the north Atlantic Ocean. 
B) Warm Caribbean Sea waters were forced up into the north Atlantic Ocean. 
C) The ice in the Caribbean Sea was broken apart by plate movements. 
D) A mountain range formed that blocked the movement of cold air into the area.

Question 14

Using the figure below,which of the following lists correctly identifies the various seafloor landforms?

Accepted Answer

A) A = continental shelf,B = continental slope,D = continental rise,G = abyssal plain, C = mid-ocean ridge,F = trench,and E = volcanic arc 
B) B = continental shelf,A = continental slope,C = continental rise,G = abyssal plain, D = mid-ocean ridge,F = trench,and E = volcanic arc 
C) G = continental shelf,E = continental slope,F = continental rise,C = abyssal plain, B = mid-ocean ridge,A = trench,and D = volcanic arc 
D) A = continental shelf,B = continental slope,D = continental rise,G = abyssal plain, E = mid-ocean ridge,F = trench,and C = volcanic arc 
A) A = continental shelf,B = continental slope,D = continental rise,G = abyssal plain, C = mid-ocean ridge,F = trench,and E = volcanic arc 
B) B = continental shelf,A = continental slope,C = continental rise,G = abyssal plain, D = mid-ocean ridge,F = trench,and E = volcanic arc 
C) G = continental shelf,E = continental slope,F = continental rise,C = abyssal plain, B = mid-ocean ridge,A = trench,and D = volcanic arc 
D) A = continental shelf,B = continental slope,D = continental rise,G = abyssal plain, E = mid-ocean ridge,F = trench,and C = volcanic arc

Question 15

Rip currents ________ the shoreline.

Accepted Answer

A) flow directly towards 
B) flow directly away from 
C) flow parallel to 
D) are not affected by 
A) flow directly towards 
B) flow directly away from 
C) flow parallel to 
D) are not affected by

Question 16

If a dam is installed across a river,what effect will this have on the coastline?

Accepted Answer

A) It will not allow any fish to swim down the river and into the ocean. 
B) It will stop the flow of water,which will lower sea level. 
C) It will change the chemistry of the water and pollute the estuary. 
D) It will starve the coast of sediment,and the beaches will disappear. 
A) It will not allow any fish to swim down the river and into the ocean. 
B) It will stop the flow of water,which will lower sea level. 
C) It will change the chemistry of the water and pollute the estuary. 
D) It will starve the coast of sediment,and the beaches will disappear.

Question 17

How would the Coriolis affect the space station?

Accepted Answer

A) The space station would curve to the right because it is above the northern hemisphere. 
B) The space station would curve to the left because it is above the southern hemisphere. 
C) The space station would not curve because it is above the equator and not affected. 
D) The space station would not be affected because it is not in Earth's atmosphere. 
A) The space station would curve to the right because it is above the northern hemisphere. 
B) The space station would curve to the left because it is above the southern hemisphere. 
C) The space station would not curve because it is above the equator and not affected. 
D) The space station would not be affected because it is not in Earth's atmosphere.

Question 18

Along beaches,groins have ________.

Accepted Answer

A) solved the problem of beach drift 
B) increased erosion rates immediately up current from the groin 
C) increased erosion rates immediately down current from the groin 
D) increased depositional rates immediately down current from the groin 
A) solved the problem of beach drift 
B) increased erosion rates immediately up current from the groin 
C) increased erosion rates immediately down current from the groin 
D) increased depositional rates immediately down current from the groin

Question 19

The U-shaped valleys in Kenai Fjords National Park in Alaska were created during a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

A) transgression 
B) regression 
C) flooding event 
D) undersea landslide 
A) transgression 
B) regression 
C) flooding event 
D) undersea landslide

Question 20

A wave will disturb the water to a depth equal to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) its wavelength 
B) its surface amplitude 
C) the bottom of the seafloor 
D) one-half of its wavelength 
A) its wavelength 
B) its surface amplitude 
C) the bottom of the seafloor 
D) one-half of its wavelength

Exam 18: Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

In the figure below,which letters represent the crest and trough?

The density of seawater increases with ________ temperature and ________ salinity.

The form and topography (depth profile)of the ocean floor is termed ________.

If the wind is blowing parallel to a coast,will it create an upwelling current or downwelling current?

Which type of coastline would most likely contain estuaries or fjords?

The deepest segments of the ocean floor are found ________.

The sea surface salinity is ________ at the mouth of the Amazon River and ________ in the Dead Sea.

If sea level continues to rise and covers the city of Miami,the Florida coast will become a(n)________.

Thermohaline circulation carries ________ water from the poles to the equator,where the water becomes ________.

Barrier islands are constantly moving in the direction of ________.

Which of the following figures shows a coast experiencing high tide?

Scientists believe that approximately 60 million years ago the closing of the Isthmus of Panama changed the climate of Earth so severely that winters in Europe became 10°C warmer than they had been.Why did this happen?

Using the figure below,which of the following lists correctly identifies the various seafloor landforms?

Rip currents ________ the shoreline.

If a dam is installed across a river,what effect will this have on the coastline?

How would the Coriolis affect the space station?

Along beaches,groins have ________.

The U-shaped valleys in Kenai Fjords National Park in Alaska were created during a(n)________.

A wave will disturb the water to a depth equal to ________.

Cosmology and the Birth of Earth

Journey to the Center of the Earth

Drifting Continents and Spreading Seas

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

Pages of Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism: a Process of Change

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Crags,cracks,and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Squeezing Power From a Stone: Energy Resources

Riches in Rock: Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: the Geology of Running Water

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

An Envelope of Gas: Earths Atmosphere and Climate

Dry Regions: the Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Introducing Rocks

a Surface Veneer: Sediments and Soils

the Rock Cycle in the Earth System

the Earths Interior, revisited: Seismic Layering, gravity, and the Magnetic Field

Memories of Past Life: Fossils and Evolution

Ever-Changing Landscapes and the Hydrologic Cycle

Filters

The density of seawater increases with temperature and salinity.

The sea surface salinity is at the mouth of the Amazon River and in the Dead Sea.

Thermohaline circulation carries water from the poles to the equator,where the water becomes .