Exam 13: Altruism and Prosocial Behaviour

Ginnie helps people on her street rake their leaves each fall and they often help her by clearing snow from her sidewalk. Since Ginnie is not related to anyone in her neighbourhood, this examples best matches which concept?

In research presenting moral dilemmas, the findings indicate that greater empathy and altruism are associated with

People demonstrate more prosocial behaviour as they age.

In an experiment on situational factors, Latane & Darley (1968) had participants complete a survey in a room where smoke began to fill the room. They found that participants who were alone in the room immediately took action; when the participants were in a room with at least two other confederates who ignored the smoke, the participant ignored it as well. This tendency to look to the reactions of others is referred to as

Toi & Batson (1982) asked students to listen to a taped story about a student, Carol who had two broken legs and required the help of a tutor for the semester. Some of the students would continue to see Carol throughout the semester (high costs to not helping) while others would not see her if they chose not to help her. The researchers were interested in examining differences based on the motivation for helping and found all of the following, except

In research on life-or-death situations (Bernstein et al., 1994), people chose to give help to all of the following, except

_________________ refers to the finding that the more people who witness an emergency, the less likely people are to help.

All of the following are some of the steps in the decision-making process model of helping, except

Karen observed an elderly woman lose her balance and fall. As there were several other people nearby, Karen did not help the woman. Karen experienced

One finding from research on helping has demonstrated that the more people who witness an emergency, the less likely a victim is to receive help; a phenomenon known as

People who have been mandated to volunteer may end up making _____________ attributions for their helping behaviour.

The idea that we have an obligation to help those who are in need of assistance, even if we have no expectation that we will later receive help from them is referred to as the norm of

A clear call for help from the victim increases the likelihood that the person will get help.

Compare and contrast egoistic and empathetic motivations for helping.

A personality factor that describes the extent to which a person's willingness to help is a function of his or her own needs and expected consequences versus a larger moral standard is referred to as _______ _______.

Samantha expects that Dona will be as responsive to Samantha's needs as Samantha is to Dona's needs. Samantha and Dona can be said to be in a _____________ relationship.

The theory that one's own self-concept can be threatened if someone else performs better on a self-relevant task is known as the __________ __________ model.

In a research study (Shariff & Norenzayan, 2007), participants who unscrambled messages that contained religious words were more likely to engage in altruistic behaviours.

According to your textbook, all of the following person factors are true about helping, except

In support for the negative-state relief hypothesis, Manucia et al. (1984) found that the students in a _____________ mood who believed their mood was _____________ were more likely to help than when they thought their mood was ___________ by a "memory drug".