Exam 9: Group Processes

When people do better in a group than alone, it is referred to as

In Markus' (1978) research in which participants had to do an easy or hard task alone or before an audience, what was found?

Pat is CEO of an electric company. She focuses on building a work environment that is supportive, caring, and democratic. The contingency model of leadership would label Pat as

In the contingency model of leadership, leaders who are very good at keeping others focused on the work at hand and maintaining group effort are known as _____-______ leaders.

Task-oriented leaders and people-oriented leaders are major components of the

Latane et al. (1979) had participants in a soundproof room and asked them to cheer and clap as loud as they could. Participants were either alone, or in groups of 2, 4, and 6. They found that participants, individually, produced the most noise when alone and the least noise when in the group of 6. This research demonstrates the principle of

One positive result of group processes is that groups with the attribute of ____________________ tend to perform better.

When a self-interested choice would lead to poor outcomes for the greater good, ___________ is experienced.

When an individual in a group setting reduces their work effort because the group efforts are pooled, the individual is engaging in

Arthur has been practicing foul shooting for over 8 years and is proficient at making the shot. According to Zajonc's theory of social facilitation, when Arthur needs to shoot a foul shot during the big game, in the presence of a crowd, he should

Group norms can help to shift the initial position of individual group members to an opposing position though discussion and group polarization.

If there is a limited amount of water, it is critical that every person conserves water, but when individual members of the community use all the water they want without consideration for others, this is referred to as a

In the contingency model of leadership, leaders who focus on building a supportive and caring work environment are known as _______-_______ leaders.

Jessica discovered that she walked from her car to class more quickly when others were also walking as opposed to very early when she walked alone. One explanation for the arousal that may be affecting her walking speed is

It has been found that feeling _______________ by other people in your group increases cooperation.

Which of the following is not a factor in groupthink?

Ayman & Korabik (2010) argue that without including the roles of gender and culture, we cannot fully understand leadership. Most theories of leadership, they note, suffer from

Highly cohesive groups with similar backgrounds may fall prey to this factor of groupthink.

When the jurors were polled individually, they all indicated a judgment award that was lower than the final group decision. This is an example of

The presence of an evaluating audience is a stronger influence on performance than simply the presence of others.