Question 1

What is learned in classical conditioning is the development of a new response (CR) to an old stimulus (UCS).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Briefly describe 4 ways in which abnormal behaviour can result from disturbances in neurotransmitter systems.

Accepted Answer

1. There may be too much or too little of the neurotransmitter produced or released into the synapse.
2. There may be too few or too many receptors on the dendrites.
3. There may be an excess or a deficit in the amount of transmitter-deactivating substance in the synapse.
4. The reuptake process may be too rapid or too slow.

Question 3

According to labelling theory, identifying someone as having a disorder

Accepted Answer

A)  can lead to the perception by others that the labelled person is dysfunctional and different. 
B)  is an important first step for the person so labelled in seeking the proper type of treatment for their disorder. 
C)  typically has little significance in the way of proper treatment. 
D)  does not lead to unwarranted expectations by others about the person labelled. 
E)  is important because it leads to the proper treatment. 
A)  can lead to the perception by others that the labelled person is dysfunctional and different. 
B)  is an important first step for the person so labelled in seeking the proper type of treatment for their disorder. 
C)  typically has little significance in the way of proper treatment. 
D)  does not lead to unwarranted expectations by others about the person labelled. 
E)  is important because it leads to the proper treatment. A

Question 4

Aaron Beck developed rational-emotive behaviour therapy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Theories persist until they can no longer be proven true with the available evidence

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

According to Carl Rogers, abnormal behaviour results from

Accepted Answer

A)  a person's distorted view of other people. 
B)  a person's distorted need for self-fulfillment. 
C)  a person's distorted view of the world. 
D)  a person's distorted fear of death. 
E)  a person's distorted view of himself or herself. 
A)  a person's distorted view of other people. 
B)  a person's distorted need for self-fulfillment. 
C)  a person's distorted view of the world. 
D)  a person's distorted fear of death. 
E)  a person's distorted view of himself or herself.

Question 7

According to Freud, __________ is the most fundamental of the defence mechanisms.

Accepted Answer

A)  repression 
B)  denial 
C)  projection 
D)  reaction formation 
E)  sublimation 
A)  repression 
B)  denial 
C)  projection 
D)  reaction formation 
E)  sublimation

Question 8

Briefly illustrate how Watson and Rayner demonstrated that phobias could result from classical conditioning experiences.

Accepted Answer

Watson and Rayner showed a white rat to

Question 9

Watson and his student, Rosalie Rayner, demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A)  operant conditioning could instill a fear of a white rat in an eleven-month-old boy. 
B)  classical conditioning could instill a fear of a horse in an eleven-month-old boy. 
C)  classical conditioning could instill a fear of a white rat in an eleven-month-old boy. 
D)  operant conditioning could instill a fear of a spider in an eleven-month-old boy. 
E)  classical conditioning could instill a fear of a spider in an eleven-month-old boy. 
A)  operant conditioning could instill a fear of a white rat in an eleven-month-old boy. 
B)  classical conditioning could instill a fear of a horse in an eleven-month-old boy. 
C)  classical conditioning could instill a fear of a white rat in an eleven-month-old boy. 
D)  operant conditioning could instill a fear of a spider in an eleven-month-old boy. 
E)  classical conditioning could instill a fear of a spider in an eleven-month-old boy.

Question 10

Neurotransmitters are the chemical substances that carry the messages from one neuron to the next.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Regarding the HPA axis which of the following statements is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The HPA axis refers to the hippocampus, pituitary gland and adrenal cortex 
B)  Action of the HPA includes release of cortisol by the adrenal cortex 
C)  Cortisol facilitates an individual's response to short-term threat 
D)  Cortisol affects the body in ways that confer survival benefits 
E)  The HPA is chronically activated in most cases of depression and some cases of anxiety disorder 
A)  The HPA axis refers to the hippocampus, pituitary gland and adrenal cortex 
B)  Action of the HPA includes release of cortisol by the adrenal cortex 
C)  Cortisol facilitates an individual's response to short-term threat 
D)  Cortisol affects the body in ways that confer survival benefits 
E)  The HPA is chronically activated in most cases of depression and some cases of anxiety disorder

Question 12

Early behaviourists such as Watson were

Accepted Answer

A)  environmentalists. 
B)  psychoanalysts. 
C)  biologists. 
D)  geneticists. 
E)  physicians. 
A)  environmentalists. 
B)  psychoanalysts. 
C)  biologists. 
D)  geneticists. 
E)  physicians.

Question 13

In addition to shared genes, there are additional ways that maternal post-partum depression might play a causal role in teenage depression

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a manner in which disturbances in neurotransmitter systems can result in abnormal behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Having certain neurotransmitters working in brain circuits not responsive to those transmitters 
B)  Having an excess or deficit in the amount of the transmitter-deactivating substance in the synapse 
C)  Having too much or too little of the neurotransmitter produced or released into the synapse 
D)  Having too few or too many receptors on the dendrites of the receiving neurons 
E)  Having the process of reuptake (drawing released neurotransmitters back into the releasing axon) be too rapid or too slow 
A)  Having certain neurotransmitters working in brain circuits not responsive to those transmitters 
B)  Having an excess or deficit in the amount of the transmitter-deactivating substance in the synapse 
C)  Having too much or too little of the neurotransmitter produced or released into the synapse 
D)  Having too few or too many receptors on the dendrites of the receiving neurons 
E)  Having the process of reuptake (drawing released neurotransmitters back into the releasing axon) be too rapid or too slow

Question 15

Watson's behaviourism was based on

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud's ideas concerning the development of the ego. 
B)  the ideas of Freud's followers such as Carl Jung and Alfred Adler. 
C)  classical conditioning. 
D)  operant conditioning. 
E)  social learning theory. 
A)  Freud's ideas concerning the development of the ego. 
B)  the ideas of Freud's followers such as Carl Jung and Alfred Adler. 
C)  classical conditioning. 
D)  operant conditioning. 
E)  social learning theory.

Question 16

Part of Mowrer's two-factor theory of conditioning is derived from the work of __________ concerning __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Burrhus F. Skinner; classical conditioning 
B)  John B. Watson; classical conditioning 
C)  Ivan Pavlov; stimulus-stimulus learning 
D)  Burrhus F. Skinner; operant conditioning 
E)  John B. Watson; operant conditioning 
A)  Burrhus F. Skinner; classical conditioning 
B)  John B. Watson; classical conditioning 
C)  Ivan Pavlov; stimulus-stimulus learning 
D)  Burrhus F. Skinner; operant conditioning 
E)  John B. Watson; operant conditioning

Question 17

In Beck's theory, content-specificity refers to the idea that

Accepted Answer

A)  people perceive themselves to be competent in very specific areas only, thereby limiting their potential for success in other areas. 
B)  people sometimes engage in "all-or-none thinking". 
C)  people tend to define their self-worth in terms of irrational if-then statements. 
D)  people are biased to selectively attend to information that is consistent with their prevailing schemas. 
E)  people tend to hold beliefs that are related to different kinds of abnormal behaviour. 
A)  people perceive themselves to be competent in very specific areas only, thereby limiting their potential for success in other areas. 
B)  people sometimes engage in "all-or-none thinking". 
C)  people tend to define their self-worth in terms of irrational if-then statements. 
D)  people are biased to selectively attend to information that is consistent with their prevailing schemas. 
E)  people tend to hold beliefs that are related to different kinds of abnormal behaviour.

Question 18

Single-factor explanations

Accepted Answer

A)  tend to identify risk factors rather than specific causes of dysfunctional behaviour. 
B)  posit one factor which is said to cause a particular psychological disorder. 
C)  are generally preferred over other explanations because of its simplicity. 
D)  often reflect a high level of current comprehensive knowledge of disorders. 
E)  view behaviour as the product of the interaction of several factors. 
A)  tend to identify risk factors rather than specific causes of dysfunctional behaviour. 
B)  posit one factor which is said to cause a particular psychological disorder. 
C)  are generally preferred over other explanations because of its simplicity. 
D)  often reflect a high level of current comprehensive knowledge of disorders. 
E)  view behaviour as the product of the interaction of several factors.

Question 19

Recall the way classical conditioning applies to Pavlov's dogs and to Little Albert's conditioned fear of white rats. Which of the following analogies are correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Food is to bell as sudden loud noise is to little white rat 
B)  Food is to bell as sudden loud noise is to fear / distress response 
C)  Food is to salivation as white rat is to fear / distress response 
D)  Food is to salivation as sudden loud noise is to playful response 
E)  Bell is to salivation as white rat is to playful response 
A)  Food is to bell as sudden loud noise is to little white rat 
B)  Food is to bell as sudden loud noise is to fear / distress response 
C)  Food is to salivation as white rat is to fear / distress response 
D)  Food is to salivation as sudden loud noise is to playful response 
E)  Bell is to salivation as white rat is to playful response

Question 20

The effects of untreated phenylketonuria (PKU) are

Accepted Answer

A)  markedly increased blood levels of phenylalanine, resulting in obsessive-compulsive disorder in adulthood. 
B)  markedly increased blood levels of phenylalanine, resulting in severe mental retardation. 
C)  markedly increased blood levels of phenylalanine, resulting in severe dyslexia. 
D)  markedly increased blood levels of glycogen, resulting in severe dyslexia. 
E)  markedly increased blood levels of glycogen, resulting in severe mental retardation. 
A)  markedly increased blood levels of phenylalanine, resulting in obsessive-compulsive disorder in adulthood. 
B)  markedly increased blood levels of phenylalanine, resulting in severe mental retardation. 
C)  markedly increased blood levels of phenylalanine, resulting in severe dyslexia. 
D)  markedly increased blood levels of glycogen, resulting in severe dyslexia. 
E)  markedly increased blood levels of glycogen, resulting in severe mental retardation.

What is learned in classical conditioning is the development of a new response (CR) to an old stimulus (UCS).

Briefly describe 4 ways in which abnormal behaviour can result from disturbances in neurotransmitter systems.

According to labelling theory, identifying someone as having a disorder

Aaron Beck developed rational-emotive behaviour therapy.

Theories persist until they can no longer be proven true with the available evidence

According to Carl Rogers, abnormal behaviour results from

According to Freud, __________ is the most fundamental of the defence mechanisms.

Briefly illustrate how Watson and Rayner demonstrated that phobias could result from classical conditioning experiences.

Watson and his student, Rosalie Rayner, demonstrated that

Neurotransmitters are the chemical substances that carry the messages from one neuron to the next.

Regarding the HPA axis which of the following statements is NOT true?

Early behaviourists such as Watson were

In addition to shared genes, there are additional ways that maternal post-partum depression might play a causal role in teenage depression

Which of the following is NOT a manner in which disturbances in neurotransmitter systems can result in abnormal behavior?

Watson's behaviourism was based on

Part of Mowrer's two-factor theory of conditioning is derived from the work of concerning .

In Beck's theory, content-specificity refers to the idea that

Single-factor explanations

Recall the way classical conditioning applies to Pavlov's dogs and to Little Albert's conditioned fear of white rats. Which of the following analogies are correct?

The effects of untreated phenylketonuria (PKU) are

Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History

Classification and Diagnosis

Psychological Assessment and Research Methods

Anxiety and Related Disorders

Dissociative and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions

Mood Disorders and Suicide

Schizophrenia

Eating Disorders

Substance-Related Disorders

The Personality Disorders

Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders

Developmental Disorders

Behaviour and Emotional Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

Mental Disorders and Aging

Therapies

Prevention and Mental Health Promotion in the Community

Mental Disorder and the Law

Filters

Exam 2: Theoretical Perspectives on Abnormal Behaviour

What is learned in classical conditioning is the development of a new response (CR) to an old stimulus (UCS).

Briefly describe 4 ways in which abnormal behaviour can result from disturbances in neurotransmitter systems.

According to labelling theory, identifying someone as having a disorder

Aaron Beck developed rational-emotive behaviour therapy.

Theories persist until they can no longer be proven true with the available evidence

According to Carl Rogers, abnormal behaviour results from

According to Freud, __________ is the most fundamental of the defence mechanisms.

Briefly illustrate how Watson and Rayner demonstrated that phobias could result from classical conditioning experiences.

Watson and his student, Rosalie Rayner, demonstrated that

Neurotransmitters are the chemical substances that carry the messages from one neuron to the next.

Regarding the HPA axis which of the following statements is NOT true?

Early behaviourists such as Watson were

In addition to shared genes, there are additional ways that maternal post-partum depression might play a causal role in teenage depression

Which of the following is NOT a manner in which disturbances in neurotransmitter systems can result in abnormal behavior?

Watson's behaviourism was based on

Part of Mowrer's two-factor theory of conditioning is derived from the work of __________ concerning __________.

In Beck's theory, content-specificity refers to the idea that

Single-factor explanations

Recall the way classical conditioning applies to Pavlov's dogs and to Little Albert's conditioned fear of white rats. Which of the following analogies are correct?

The effects of untreated phenylketonuria (PKU) are

Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History

Classification and Diagnosis

Psychological Assessment and Research Methods

Anxiety and Related Disorders

Dissociative and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions

Mood Disorders and Suicide

Schizophrenia

Eating Disorders

Substance-Related Disorders

The Personality Disorders

Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders

Developmental Disorders

Behaviour and Emotional Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

Mental Disorders and Aging

Therapies

Prevention and Mental Health Promotion in the Community

Mental Disorder and the Law

Filters

Part of Mowrer's two-factor theory of conditioning is derived from the work of concerning .