Question 1

What are echolalia and pronoun reversal, and in what disorder are they seen?

Accepted Answer

Echolalia is a common characteristic of speech seen in children with autism. It involves the child repeating someone else's words or phrases, using the same or similar intonation. It can be immediate (repeating right after someone says something) or delayed. Pronoun reversal is also seen in autistic children, and refers to the fact that such children often refer to themselves as "he" or "she" instead of "I."

Question 2

In approximately __________% of people diagnosed as having a developmental handicap, no organic cause or brain dysfunction has been identified.

Accepted Answer

A)  75 
B)  40 
C)  90 
D)  25 
E)  60 
A)  75 
B)  40 
C)  90 
D)  25 
E)  60 A

Question 3

The Weschler IQ test is the most appropriate IQ test to use for the assessment of mental retardation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

In the past 30 years, the research focus concerning the etiology of autism has shifted from biological factors to psychogenic factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following has NOT been found as evidence in favour of a biological theory of autism?

Accepted Answer

A)  The brains of people with autism have been found to smaller and lighter. 
B)  About 30% of adolescents with autism have epileptic seizures. 
C)  Abnormal levels of serotonin are found in 30-50% of autistic children. 
D)  Symptoms of autism appear in all cultures. 
E)  A history of prenatal infection and problems during pregnancy are fairly common among mothers of autistic children. 
A)  The brains of people with autism have been found to smaller and lighter. 
B)  About 30% of adolescents with autism have epileptic seizures. 
C)  Abnormal levels of serotonin are found in 30-50% of autistic children. 
D)  Symptoms of autism appear in all cultures. 
E)  A history of prenatal infection and problems during pregnancy are fairly common among mothers of autistic children.

Question 6

Research findings about the etiology of learning disorders are inconclusive, but according to the text it is generally believed that

Accepted Answer

A)  psychological causes may be implicated. 
B)  biological causes may be implicated. 
C)  neither biological nor psychological causes are likely to be implicated. 
D)  biological causes may be implicated, but secondary to psychological causes. 
E)  both biological and psychological causes may be implicated. 
A)  psychological causes may be implicated. 
B)  biological causes may be implicated. 
C)  neither biological nor psychological causes are likely to be implicated. 
D)  biological causes may be implicated, but secondary to psychological causes. 
E)  both biological and psychological causes may be implicated.

Question 7

The three chromosomal abnormalities that cause Down's Syndrome are:

Accepted Answer

A)  trisomy 21 ; translocation ; mosaicism 
B)  trisomy 23 ; translocation ; mosaicism 
C)  trisomy 21 ; translocation ; Fragile X 
D)  trisomy 23 ; translocation ; Fragile X 
E)  trisomy 23 ; mosaicism ; Fragile X 
A)  trisomy 21 ; translocation ; mosaicism 
B)  trisomy 23 ; translocation ; mosaicism 
C)  trisomy 21 ; translocation ; Fragile X 
D)  trisomy 23 ; translocation ; Fragile X 
E)  trisomy 23 ; mosaicism ; Fragile X

Question 8

Learning disorders in children virtually always improve with age.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The DSM-IV-TR classifies the learning disorders by academic subject because

Accepted Answer

A)  it has been shown that academic functioning domains correspond to independent functional modules. 
B)  learning disorder diagnoses are based upon an IQ / achievement discrepancy and described by the domain in which they occur. 
C)  mathematics disorder stems from a well understood set of impairments that typically do not impact achievement in other domains. 
D)  reading corresponds to deficits in input; mathematics to processing; and written expression to output issues. 
E)  at the time of publication, there was insufficient research evidence to do otherwise. 
A)  it has been shown that academic functioning domains correspond to independent functional modules. 
B)  learning disorder diagnoses are based upon an IQ / achievement discrepancy and described by the domain in which they occur. 
C)  mathematics disorder stems from a well understood set of impairments that typically do not impact achievement in other domains. 
D)  reading corresponds to deficits in input; mathematics to processing; and written expression to output issues. 
E)  at the time of publication, there was insufficient research evidence to do otherwise.

Question 10

Ames (1992) conducted a longitudinal study of Romanian infants who had spent varying amounts of time in orphanages. Which of the following is NOT one of the findings of this research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Approximately three years after adoption over half of the children adopted at an older age were not yet ready for the school grade appropriate to their age. 
B)  The children who had been in the orphanage the longest had the lowest IQs. 
C)  Orphans who entered an infant development program after adoption were found to progress rapidly. 
D)  All of the children at time of adoption were found to be delayed in intelligence. 
E)  Almost 80% of the children at time of adoption were found to be delayed in gross and fine motor skills. 
A)  Approximately three years after adoption over half of the children adopted at an older age were not yet ready for the school grade appropriate to their age. 
B)  The children who had been in the orphanage the longest had the lowest IQs. 
C)  Orphans who entered an infant development program after adoption were found to progress rapidly. 
D)  All of the children at time of adoption were found to be delayed in intelligence. 
E)  Almost 80% of the children at time of adoption were found to be delayed in gross and fine motor skills.

Question 11

Perceiving deviant behaviours to be a function of a developmental disorder is called

Accepted Answer

A)  dual diagnosis. 
B)  oversight. 
C)  diagnostic overshadowing. 
D)  diagnostic oversight. 
E)  overshadowing. 
A)  dual diagnosis. 
B)  oversight. 
C)  diagnostic overshadowing. 
D)  diagnostic oversight. 
E)  overshadowing.

Question 12

The AIMS is an outcome measure designed to measure different levels of __________ of the developmentally disabled.

Accepted Answer

A)  assimilation 
B)  marginalization 
C)  normalization 
D)  integration 
E)  segregation 
A)  assimilation 
B)  marginalization 
C)  normalization 
D)  integration 
E)  segregation

Question 13

Briefly explain the psychogenic hypothesis concerning the etiology of autism. Is this theory in favour today?

Accepted Answer

This theory focuses on family characteri

Question 14

According to the acculturation framework, assimilation occurs when the minority group participates in the economic, social and cultural life of the dominant society while maintaining its own identity as a unique cultural entity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Autism was first identified as a childhood disorder by

Accepted Answer

A)  John Watson. 
B)  Steven Garner. 
C)  Sigmund Freud. 
D)  Aaron Beck 
E)  Leo Kanner. 
A)  John Watson. 
B)  Steven Garner. 
C)  Sigmund Freud. 
D)  Aaron Beck 
E)  Leo Kanner.

Question 16

The best known chromosomal abnormality associated with mental retardation is __________; the most common type of this abnormality is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Fragile X syndrome; trisomy 21 
B)  Tay-Sachs disease; trisomy 21 
C)  Down syndrome; trisomy 23 
D)  Tay-Sachs disease; trisomy 23 
E)  Down syndrome; trisomy 21 
A)  Fragile X syndrome; trisomy 21 
B)  Tay-Sachs disease; trisomy 21 
C)  Down syndrome; trisomy 23 
D)  Tay-Sachs disease; trisomy 23 
E)  Down syndrome; trisomy 21

Question 17

Research on facilitated communication (FC) training has shown that the initial success stories of this technique were really based on the

Accepted Answer

A)  ouija board effect. 
B)  nocebo effect. 
C)  placebo effect. 
D)  facilitator effect. 
E)  abdication effect. 
A)  ouija board effect. 
B)  nocebo effect. 
C)  placebo effect. 
D)  facilitator effect. 
E)  abdication effect.

Question 18

Until the 1980s, it was common for a person with mental retardation to be diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In terms of the AIMS, traditional institutional care could be considered __________ (as discussed in the acculturation framework).

Accepted Answer

A)  normalization 
B)  segregation 
C)  assimilation 
D)  integration 
E)  marginalization 
A)  normalization 
B)  segregation 
C)  assimilation 
D)  integration 
E)  marginalization

Question 20

Research concerning maternal drinking during pregnancy indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  binge drinking and moderate drinking over a longer period of time are equally damaging. 
B)  moderate drinking over a longer period may be more damaging than binge drinking. 
C)  the effects of binge drinking depend on the type of beverage consumed by the mother. 
D)  neither binge drinking nor moderate drinking over a longer period of time have an effect on the fetus. 
E)  binge drinking may be more damaging than moderate drinking over a longer period. 
A)  binge drinking and moderate drinking over a longer period of time are equally damaging. 
B)  moderate drinking over a longer period may be more damaging than binge drinking. 
C)  the effects of binge drinking depend on the type of beverage consumed by the mother. 
D)  neither binge drinking nor moderate drinking over a longer period of time have an effect on the fetus. 
E)  binge drinking may be more damaging than moderate drinking over a longer period.

What are echolalia and pronoun reversal, and in what disorder are they seen?

In approximately __________% of people diagnosed as having a developmental handicap, no organic cause or brain dysfunction has been identified.

The Weschler IQ test is the most appropriate IQ test to use for the assessment of mental retardation.

In the past 30 years, the research focus concerning the etiology of autism has shifted from biological factors to psychogenic factors.

Which of the following has NOT been found as evidence in favour of a biological theory of autism?

Research findings about the etiology of learning disorders are inconclusive, but according to the text it is generally believed that

The three chromosomal abnormalities that cause Down's Syndrome are:

Learning disorders in children virtually always improve with age.

The DSM-IV-TR classifies the learning disorders by academic subject because

Ames (1992) conducted a longitudinal study of Romanian infants who had spent varying amounts of time in orphanages. Which of the following is NOT one of the findings of this research?

Perceiving deviant behaviours to be a function of a developmental disorder is called

The AIMS is an outcome measure designed to measure different levels of __________ of the developmentally disabled.

Briefly explain the psychogenic hypothesis concerning the etiology of autism. Is this theory in favour today?

According to the acculturation framework, assimilation occurs when the minority group participates in the economic, social and cultural life of the dominant society while maintaining its own identity as a unique cultural entity.

Autism was first identified as a childhood disorder by

The best known chromosomal abnormality associated with mental retardation is ; the most common type of this abnormality is .

Research on facilitated communication (FC) training has shown that the initial success stories of this technique were really based on the

Until the 1980s, it was common for a person with mental retardation to be diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder.

In terms of the AIMS, traditional institutional care could be considered __________ (as discussed in the acculturation framework).

Research concerning maternal drinking during pregnancy indicates that

Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History

Theoretical Perspectives on Abnormal Behaviour

Classification and Diagnosis

Psychological Assessment and Research Methods

Anxiety and Related Disorders

Dissociative and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions

Mood Disorders and Suicide

Schizophrenia

Eating Disorders

Substance-Related Disorders

The Personality Disorders

Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders

Behaviour and Emotional Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

Mental Disorders and Aging

Therapies

Prevention and Mental Health Promotion in the Community

Mental Disorder and the Law

Filters

Exam 14: Developmental Disorders

What are echolalia and pronoun reversal, and in what disorder are they seen?

In approximately __________% of people diagnosed as having a developmental handicap, no organic cause or brain dysfunction has been identified.

The Weschler IQ test is the most appropriate IQ test to use for the assessment of mental retardation.

In the past 30 years, the research focus concerning the etiology of autism has shifted from biological factors to psychogenic factors.

Which of the following has NOT been found as evidence in favour of a biological theory of autism?

Research findings about the etiology of learning disorders are inconclusive, but according to the text it is generally believed that

The three chromosomal abnormalities that cause Down's Syndrome are:

Learning disorders in children virtually always improve with age.

The DSM-IV-TR classifies the learning disorders by academic subject because

Ames (1992) conducted a longitudinal study of Romanian infants who had spent varying amounts of time in orphanages. Which of the following is NOT one of the findings of this research?

Perceiving deviant behaviours to be a function of a developmental disorder is called

The AIMS is an outcome measure designed to measure different levels of __________ of the developmentally disabled.

Briefly explain the psychogenic hypothesis concerning the etiology of autism. Is this theory in favour today?

According to the acculturation framework, assimilation occurs when the minority group participates in the economic, social and cultural life of the dominant society while maintaining its own identity as a unique cultural entity.

Autism was first identified as a childhood disorder by

The best known chromosomal abnormality associated with mental retardation is __________; the most common type of this abnormality is __________.

Research on facilitated communication (FC) training has shown that the initial success stories of this technique were really based on the

Until the 1980s, it was common for a person with mental retardation to be diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder.

In terms of the AIMS, traditional institutional care could be considered __________ (as discussed in the acculturation framework).

Research concerning maternal drinking during pregnancy indicates that

Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History

Theoretical Perspectives on Abnormal Behaviour

Classification and Diagnosis

Psychological Assessment and Research Methods

Anxiety and Related Disorders

Dissociative and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions

Mood Disorders and Suicide

Schizophrenia

Eating Disorders

Substance-Related Disorders

The Personality Disorders

Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders

Behaviour and Emotional Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

Mental Disorders and Aging

Therapies

Prevention and Mental Health Promotion in the Community

Mental Disorder and the Law

Filters

The best known chromosomal abnormality associated with mental retardation is ; the most common type of this abnormality is .