Question 1

The auditory and visual cortexes develop rapidly during

Accepted Answer

A)  the first year. 
B)  the second year. 
C)  the preschool years. 
D)  adolescence. 
A)  the first year. 
B)  the second year. 
C)  the preschool years. 
D)  adolescence.

Question 2

The increase in cosleeping in Western nations over the past two decades is likely associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in time babies spend breastfeeding during the night. 
B)  a shift from collectivistic to individualistic values. 
C)  parental fear of SIDS. 
D)  an increase in young children's bedtime struggles. 
A)  an increase in time babies spend breastfeeding during the night. 
B)  a shift from collectivistic to individualistic values. 
C)  parental fear of SIDS. 
D)  an increase in young children's bedtime struggles.

Question 3

Every time Trisha bottle-fed baby Isabel,she stoked Isabel's hair.In time,Isabel would make a sucking noise each time Trisha stroked her hair.In this example,__________ is the unconditioned stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A)  sucking 
B)  stroking the hair 
C)  crying 
D)  formula 
A)  sucking 
B)  stroking the hair 
C)  crying 
D)  formula

Question 4

Studies show that the chronic stress of early,deprived orphanage rearing

Accepted Answer

A)  rarely results in serious intellectual deficits, as the brain is especially plastic in early childhood. 
B)  disrupts the brain's capacity to manage stress, with long-term physical and psychological consequences. 
C)  has few long-term consequences, as long as children are adopted by age 4. 
D)  may promote resilience by preparing the brain to manage stress. 
A)  rarely results in serious intellectual deficits, as the brain is especially plastic in early childhood. 
B)  disrupts the brain's capacity to manage stress, with long-term physical and psychological consequences. 
C)  has few long-term consequences, as long as children are adopted by age 4. 
D)  may promote resilience by preparing the brain to manage stress.

Question 5

Visual acuity improves steadily,reaching an adult level of about 20/20 by

Accepted Answer

A)  6 months. 
B)  the end of the first year. 
C)  2 years. 
D)  4 years. 
A)  6 months. 
B)  the end of the first year. 
C)  2 years. 
D)  4 years.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about speech stream patterns is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Babies learn to talk long before they learn the structure of speech. 
B)  Children cannot detect words that start with weak syllables until around 3 years of age. 
C)  By analyzing the speech stream, infants acquire a stock of speech structures long before they start to talk. 
D)  Babies and toddlers cannot discriminate a word-internal syllable pair from a word-external syllable pair. 
A)  Babies learn to talk long before they learn the structure of speech. 
B)  Children cannot detect words that start with weak syllables until around 3 years of age. 
C)  By analyzing the speech stream, infants acquire a stock of speech structures long before they start to talk. 
D)  Babies and toddlers cannot discriminate a word-internal syllable pair from a word-external syllable pair.

Question 7

Jack and Jami are concerned that their chubby infant son,Angus,will become an overweight adult.Which of the following steps can they take to help prevent that?

Accepted Answer

A)  Avoid giving Angus foods loaded with salt and sugar. 
B)  Give Angus foods containing saturated fats. 
C)  Bottle-feed Angus for the first six months. 
D)  Cut back on Angus's caloric intake throughout infancy and toddlerhood. 
A)  Avoid giving Angus foods loaded with salt and sugar. 
B)  Give Angus foods containing saturated fats. 
C)  Bottle-feed Angus for the first six months. 
D)  Cut back on Angus's caloric intake throughout infancy and toddlerhood.

Question 8

Cosleeping

Accepted Answer

A)  promotes excessive dependency. 
B)  reduces mothers' total sleep time. 
C)  works best when mattresses are soft and blankets are heavy. 
D)  may actually help safeguard babies at risk for SIDS. 
A)  promotes excessive dependency. 
B)  reduces mothers' total sleep time. 
C)  works best when mattresses are soft and blankets are heavy. 
D)  may actually help safeguard babies at risk for SIDS.

Question 9

Myelination involves

Accepted Answer

A)  sending messages from one neuron to another. 
B)  making space for synapses. 
C)  coating the neural fibers with an insulating fatty sheath. 
D)  returning neurons not needed to an uncommitted state. 
A)  sending messages from one neuron to another. 
B)  making space for synapses. 
C)  coating the neural fibers with an insulating fatty sheath. 
D)  returning neurons not needed to an uncommitted state.

Question 10

In intermodal perception,

Accepted Answer

A)  babies learn to judge the distance of objects from one another. 
B)  infants respond to the separate parts of a pattern. 
C)  babies prefer any stimulus in which the most salient features are arranged horizontally in the upper part of a pattern. 
D)  babies make sense of visual, auditory, tactile, odor, and taste information, perceiving them as integrated wholes. 
A)  babies learn to judge the distance of objects from one another. 
B)  infants respond to the separate parts of a pattern. 
C)  babies prefer any stimulus in which the most salient features are arranged horizontally in the upper part of a pattern. 
D)  babies make sense of visual, auditory, tactile, odor, and taste information, perceiving them as integrated wholes.

Question 11

A researcher hangs a mobile over the crib of 4-month-old Anya.When the researcher attaches Anya's foot to the mobile with a long cord,Anya can,by kicking,make the mobile turn.The turning of the mobile is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforcer. 
B)  punishment. 
C)  unconditioned stimulus. 
D)  conditioned response. 
A)  reinforcer. 
B)  punishment. 
C)  unconditioned stimulus. 
D)  conditioned response.

Question 12

Classical conditioning

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot be used with newborns. 
B)  helps infants recognize which events usually occur together in the everyday world. 
C)  can be easily utilized to elicit fear responses in young babies. 
D)  plays a vital role in the formation of social relationships. 
A)  cannot be used with newborns. 
B)  helps infants recognize which events usually occur together in the everyday world. 
C)  can be easily utilized to elicit fear responses in young babies. 
D)  plays a vital role in the formation of social relationships.

Question 13

Babies

Accepted Answer

A)  are capable of only one form of learning: classical conditioning. 
B)  learn through their natural preference for novel stimulation. 
C)  rarely learn through observation. 
D)  are capable of only one form of learning: operant conditioning. 
A)  are capable of only one form of learning: classical conditioning. 
B)  learn through their natural preference for novel stimulation. 
C)  rarely learn through observation. 
D)  are capable of only one form of learning: operant conditioning.

Question 14

Which infant is the most likely to refuse to cross the deep side of the visual cliff?

Accepted Answer

A)  Robert, who just started crawling 
B)  Ana, who has been crawling for 2 weeks 
C)  Monique, who has been crawling for a month 
D)  James, who has been crawling for 3 months 
A)  Robert, who just started crawling 
B)  Ana, who has been crawling for 2 weeks 
C)  Monique, who has been crawling for a month 
D)  James, who has been crawling for 3 months

Question 15

When baby Jon's dad talks to him,Jon focuses on his dad's voice and face.Jon is detecting

Accepted Answer

A)  contrast sensitivity. 
B)  differentiation properties. 
C)  amodal sensory properties. 
D)  kinetic depth cues. 
A)  contrast sensitivity. 
B)  differentiation properties. 
C)  amodal sensory properties. 
D)  kinetic depth cues.

Question 16

In the study of Romanian orphans adopted into British homes,children adopted __________ attained the highest mental test scores in childhood and adolescence.

Accepted Answer

A)  before 6 months 
B)  between 6 months and 2 years 
C)  between 2 and 6 years 
D)  between 6 and 11 years 
A)  before 6 months 
B)  between 6 months and 2 years 
C)  between 2 and 6 years 
D)  between 6 and 11 years

Question 17

Intermodal

Accepted Answer

A)  sensitivity is crucial for perceptual development. 
B)  relationships are seldom mastered until the second half of the first year. 
C)  stimulation is too overwhelming for newborns. 
D)  perception develops slowly over the first several years. 
A)  sensitivity is crucial for perceptual development. 
B)  relationships are seldom mastered until the second half of the first year. 
C)  stimulation is too overwhelming for newborns. 
D)  perception develops slowly over the first several years.

Question 18

__________ fire identically when a primate hears or sees an action and when it carries out that action on its own.

Accepted Answer

A)  Imitation neurons 
B)  Glial cells 
C)  Mirror neurons 
D)  Neurotransmitters 
A)  Imitation neurons 
B)  Glial cells 
C)  Mirror neurons 
D)  Neurotransmitters

Question 19

Research suggests a __________ period during the second half of the first year,when babies are biologically prepared to "zero in" on socially meaningful perceptual differences.

Accepted Answer

A)  habituation 
B)  sensitive 
C)  critical 
D)  recovery 
A)  habituation 
B)  sensitive 
C)  critical 
D)  recovery

Question 20

According to differentiation theory,__________ play(s)a major role in the development of infant perceptual capabilities.

Accepted Answer

A)  the visual cliff 
B)  binocular depth cues 
C)  contrast sensitivity 
D)  invariant features in the environment 
A)  the visual cliff 
B)  binocular depth cues 
C)  contrast sensitivity 
D)  invariant features in the environment

The auditory and visual cortexes develop rapidly during

The increase in cosleeping in Western nations over the past two decades is likely associated with

Every time Trisha bottle-fed baby Isabel,she stoked Isabel's hair.In time,Isabel would make a sucking noise each time Trisha stroked her hair.In this example,__________ is the unconditioned stimulus.

Studies show that the chronic stress of early,deprived orphanage rearing

Visual acuity improves steadily,reaching an adult level of about 20/20 by

Which of the following statements about speech stream patterns is true?

Jack and Jami are concerned that their chubby infant son,Angus,will become an overweight adult.Which of the following steps can they take to help prevent that?

Cosleeping

Myelination involves

In intermodal perception,

A researcher hangs a mobile over the crib of 4-month-old Anya.When the researcher attaches Anya's foot to the mobile with a long cord,Anya can,by kicking,make the mobile turn.The turning of the mobile is an example of a(n)

Classical conditioning

Babies

Which infant is the most likely to refuse to cross the deep side of the visual cliff?

When baby Jon's dad talks to him,Jon focuses on his dad's voice and face.Jon is detecting

In the study of Romanian orphans adopted into British homes,children adopted __________ attained the highest mental test scores in childhood and adolescence.

Intermodal

__________ fire identically when a primate hears or sees an action and when it carries out that action on its own.

Research suggests a __________ period during the second half of the first year,when babies are biologically prepared to "zero in" on socially meaningful perceptual differences.

According to differentiation theory,__________ play(s)a major role in the development of infant perceptual capabilities.

History, theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, birth, and the Newborn Baby

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, dying, and Bereavement

Filters

Exam 4: Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

The auditory and visual cortexes develop rapidly during

The increase in cosleeping in Western nations over the past two decades is likely associated with

Every time Trisha bottle-fed baby Isabel,she stoked Isabel's hair.In time,Isabel would make a sucking noise each time Trisha stroked her hair.In this example,__________ is the unconditioned stimulus.

Studies show that the chronic stress of early,deprived orphanage rearing

Visual acuity improves steadily,reaching an adult level of about 20/20 by

Which of the following statements about speech stream patterns is true?

Jack and Jami are concerned that their chubby infant son,Angus,will become an overweight adult.Which of the following steps can they take to help prevent that?

Cosleeping

Myelination involves

In intermodal perception,

A researcher hangs a mobile over the crib of 4-month-old Anya.When the researcher attaches Anya's foot to the mobile with a long cord,Anya can,by kicking,make the mobile turn.The turning of the mobile is an example of a(n)

Classical conditioning

Babies

Which infant is the most likely to refuse to cross the deep side of the visual cliff?

When baby Jon's dad talks to him,Jon focuses on his dad's voice and face.Jon is detecting

In the study of Romanian orphans adopted into British homes,children adopted __________ attained the highest mental test scores in childhood and adolescence.

Intermodal

__________ fire identically when a primate hears or sees an action and when it carries out that action on its own.

Research suggests a __________ period during the second half of the first year,when babies are biologically prepared to "zero in" on socially meaningful perceptual differences.

According to differentiation theory,__________ play(s)a major role in the development of infant perceptual capabilities.

History, theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, birth, and the Newborn Baby

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, dying, and Bereavement

Filters