Question 1

In 2010, ____ percent of college degrees were earned by women.

Accepted Answer

A) 27 
B) 37 
C) 47 
D) 57 
A) 27 
B) 37 
C) 47 
D) 57

Question 2

When female/male earnings differentials are adjusted for age, education, language, and locational characteristics, the

Accepted Answer

A) differential between the earnings of males and those of females increases substantially. 
B) differential between the earnings of males and those of females does not change much. 
C) corrected earnings of males are equal to those of similar females. 
D) corrected earnings of females are greater than those of similar males. 
A) differential between the earnings of males and those of females increases substantially. 
B) differential between the earnings of males and those of females does not change much. 
C) corrected earnings of males are equal to those of similar females. 
D) corrected earnings of females are greater than those of similar males.

Question 3

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Employers who discriminate against women will have lower costs than rival firms that hire employees strictly on the basis of merit (productivity). 
B) If employers can hire equally productive female employees at a lower wage than males, the profit motive gives them a strong incentive to do so. 
C) The female/male earnings ratio is higher for persons who are married than for those who remain single. 
D) Both a and c are true. 
A) Employers who discriminate against women will have lower costs than rival firms that hire employees strictly on the basis of merit (productivity). 
B) If employers can hire equally productive female employees at a lower wage than males, the profit motive gives them a strong incentive to do so. 
C) The female/male earnings ratio is higher for persons who are married than for those who remain single. 
D) Both a and c are true.

Question 4

Since the 1970s, the percentage of women preparing for careers in professions has been ____, while the female/male earnings ratio has been ____ during this same period.

Accepted Answer

A) rising; declining 
B) rising; increasing 
C) falling; increasing 
D) falling; declining 
A) rising; declining 
B) rising; increasing 
C) falling; increasing 
D) falling; declining

Question 5

Evaluate the following: "Employers who discriminate against women will have lower costs than rival firms that hire employees strictly on the basis of merit (productivity)."

Accepted Answer

Economic theory suggests that this view

Question 6

As a result of the educational and career choices of women becoming more like those of men during the last two decades, the earnings of women have

Accepted Answer

A) risen toward those of men. 
B) fallen relative to those of men. 
C) remained relatively unchanged relative to those of men. 
D) fallen in clerical occupations, but risen in business careers. 
A) risen toward those of men. 
B) fallen relative to those of men. 
C) remained relatively unchanged relative to those of men. 
D) fallen in clerical occupations, but risen in business careers.

Question 7

In the years ahead we can expect the F/M earnings ratio to

Accepted Answer

A) remain constant. 
B) continue to increase. 
C) continue to increase until 2020, when the 'baby boom" generation retires" and then level off. 
D) decline. 
A) remain constant. 
B) continue to increase. 
C) continue to increase until 2020, when the 'baby boom" generation retires" and then level off. 
D) decline.

Question 8

"If it were not for employment discrimination against women, the average earnings of men and women would be equal." Is this statement true or false?

Accepted Answer

Earnings differences between men and wom

Question 9

As the proportion of women preparing for careers as professionals increases,

Accepted Answer

A) their years of work experience will become more similar to men. 
B) the female/male earnings ratio will rise. 
C) their level of human capital will become more similar to men. 
D) all of the above. 
A) their years of work experience will become more similar to men. 
B) the female/male earnings ratio will rise. 
C) their level of human capital will become more similar to men. 
D) all of the above.

Question 10

The proportion of degrees earned by women in which of the following fields has increased since 1970?

Accepted Answer

A) economics 
B) engineering 
C) architecture 
D) all of the above 
A) economics 
B) engineering 
C) architecture 
D) all of the above

Question 11

Which of the following would tend to cause the observed earnings of women to be lower than the observed earnings of men?

Accepted Answer

A) The average woman has fewer years of schooling than the average man. 
B) The average number of hours worked is smaller for women than men. 
C) Women are more likely to prefer jobs that have more flexible hours. 
D) All of the above would be causes. 
A) The average woman has fewer years of schooling than the average man. 
B) The average number of hours worked is smaller for women than men. 
C) Women are more likely to prefer jobs that have more flexible hours. 
D) All of the above would be causes.

Question 12

Traditionally, men have been more willing to accept jobs that

Accepted Answer

A) required continuous employment in the labor force. 
B) require relocation if necessary to get a higher paying job. 
C) have long working hours. 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) required continuous employment in the labor force. 
B) require relocation if necessary to get a higher paying job. 
C) have long working hours. 
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 13

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The proportion of college degrees earned by women has been virtually unchanged during the last four decades. 
B) There was a substantial increase in the earnings of women relative to men in the 1960s and 1970s following the passage of legislation prohibiting employment discrimination against women. 
C) The number of women preparing for careers as professionals has declined during the last two decades. 
D) In 2010, 57 percent of those completing college degrees were women. 
A) The proportion of college degrees earned by women has been virtually unchanged during the last four decades. 
B) There was a substantial increase in the earnings of women relative to men in the 1960s and 1970s following the passage of legislation prohibiting employment discrimination against women. 
C) The number of women preparing for careers as professionals has declined during the last two decades. 
D) In 2010, 57 percent of those completing college degrees were women.

Question 14

If a firm refuses to hire any females due to a personal prejudice, its profits will

Accepted Answer

A) increase markedly. 
B) decrease. 
C) not be affected. 
D) increase slightly. 
A) increase markedly. 
B) decrease. 
C) not be affected. 
D) increase slightly.

Question 15

The earnings difference between single men and women is

Accepted Answer

A) significantly more than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
B) significantly less than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
C) about the same as the earnings difference between married men and women. 
D) none of the above. 
A) significantly more than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
B) significantly less than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
C) about the same as the earnings difference between married men and women. 
D) none of the above.

Question 16

Given the traditional responsibility for monetary earnings in the family, men were more likely than women to

Accepted Answer

A) have continuous labor force participation. 
B) move in order to get a higher-paying job. 
C) accept jobs with long hours, uncertain schedules, and out-of-town travel. 
D) do all of the above. 
A) have continuous labor force participation. 
B) move in order to get a higher-paying job. 
C) accept jobs with long hours, uncertain schedules, and out-of-town travel. 
D) do all of the above.

Question 17

Which of the following would constitute the strongest evidence of employment discrimination against female employees?

Accepted Answer

A) The average wage of female workers is lower than the average wage of males. 
B) The average wage of female employees is lower than the average wage of males with similar productive characteristics. 
C) The mean number of years of schooling of female workers is lower than that of males. 
D) The average hours worked by female employees is less than the average hours worked by males. 
A) The average wage of female workers is lower than the average wage of males. 
B) The average wage of female employees is lower than the average wage of males with similar productive characteristics. 
C) The mean number of years of schooling of female workers is lower than that of males. 
D) The average hours worked by female employees is less than the average hours worked by males.

Question 18

The earnings difference between men who have never been married and women is

Accepted Answer

A) significantly less than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
B) about the same as the earnings difference between married men and women. 
C) significantly more than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
D) modestly more than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
A) significantly less than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
B) about the same as the earnings difference between married men and women. 
C) significantly more than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
D) modestly more than the earnings difference between married men and women.

Question 19

When employment discrimination results from the personal prejudices of employers, economic theory suggests that

Accepted Answer

A) it is costless for employers to discriminate against groups they do not like. 
B) the wages of employees who are discriminated against will rise. 
C) an employer who discriminates will experience higher costs. 
D) discrimination by an employer will reduce production costs since the employer can pay lower wages. 
A) it is costless for employers to discriminate against groups they do not like. 
B) the wages of employees who are discriminated against will rise. 
C) an employer who discriminates will experience higher costs. 
D) discrimination by an employer will reduce production costs since the employer can pay lower wages.

Question 20

When employment discrimination results from the personal prejudices of employers, economic theory suggests that

Accepted Answer

A) employers who discriminate will have lower production costs. 
B) the wages of employees who are discriminated against will rise. 
C) employers who discriminate will have the same production costs as those who do not discriminate. 
D) employers who discriminate will have lower profits. 
A) employers who discriminate will have lower production costs. 
B) the wages of employees who are discriminated against will rise. 
C) employers who discriminate will have the same production costs as those who do not discriminate. 
D) employers who discriminate will have lower profits.

Exam 24: Appendix: Earnings Differences Between Men and Women

In 2010, ____ percent of college degrees were earned by women.

When female/male earnings differentials are adjusted for age, education, language, and locational characteristics, the

Which of the following is true?

Since the 1970s, the percentage of women preparing for careers in professions has been ____, while the female/male earnings ratio has been ____ during this same period.

Evaluate the following: "Employers who discriminate against women will have lower costs than rival firms that hire employees strictly on the basis of merit (productivity)."

As a result of the educational and career choices of women becoming more like those of men during the last two decades, the earnings of women have

In the years ahead we can expect the F/M earnings ratio to

"If it were not for employment discrimination against women, the average earnings of men and women would be equal." Is this statement true or false?

As the proportion of women preparing for careers as professionals increases,

The proportion of degrees earned by women in which of the following fields has increased since 1970?

Which of the following would tend to cause the observed earnings of women to be lower than the observed earnings of men?

Traditionally, men have been more willing to accept jobs that

Which of the following is true?

If a firm refuses to hire any females due to a personal prejudice, its profits will

The earnings difference between single men and women is

Given the traditional responsibility for monetary earnings in the family, men were more likely than women to

Which of the following would constitute the strongest evidence of employment discrimination against female employees?

The earnings difference between men who have never been married and women is

When employment discrimination results from the personal prejudices of employers, economic theory suggests that

When employment discrimination results from the personal prejudices of employers, economic theory suggests that

The Economic Approach

A: Some Tools of the Economist

B: Some Tools of the Economist

A: Supply, Demand, and the Market Process

B: Supply, Demand, and the Market Process

A: Supply and Demand: Applications and Extensions

B: Supply and Demand: Applications and Extensions

Difficult Cases for the Market and the Role of Government

The Economics of Collective Decision-Making

Consumer Choice and Elasticity

A: Costs and the Supply of Goods

B: Costs and the Supply of Goods

A: Price Takers and the Competitive Process

B: Price Takers and the Competitive Process

Price-Searcher Markets With Low Entry Barriers

A: Price-Searcher Markets With High Entry Barriers

B: Price-Searcher Markets With High Entry Barriers

The Supply of and Demand for Productive Resources

Earnings, Productivity, and the Job Market

Investment, the Capital Market, and the Wealth of Nations

Income Inequality and Poverty

Appendix: Government Spending and Taxation

Appendix: the Economics of Social Security

Appendix: the Stock Market: Its Function, Performance, and Potential As an Investment Opportunity

Appendix: Great Debates in Economics: Keynes Versus Hayek

Appendix: the Crisis of 2008: Causes and Lessons for the Future

Appendix: Lessons From the Great Depression

Appendix: the Economics of Healthcare

Appendix:education: Problems and Performance

Appendix: the Question of Resource Exhaustion

Appendix: Do Labor Unions Increase the Wages of Workers

Appendix: Difficult Environmental Cases and the Role of Government

Filters

Since the 1970s, the percentage of women preparing for careers in professions has been , while the female/male earnings ratio has been during this same period.