Exam 6: Visual Attention

 While watching Pretty Woman (1990), you fail to notice when Vivian (Julia Roberts) begins to reach for a croissant that suddenly turns into a pancake. This is an example of _____, which can be a "real-life" example of _____ if you do not notice the switch.

 The finding that attention can spread within an object, thereby, enhancing detection at other places within the object is referred to as _____.

 In Grimes' 1996 study, _____ of subjects failed to detect a change in a model's swimsuit from bright pink to bright green.

 Nicki walks into her friend's bathroom and sees a blender next to the sink. She spends more time looking at that blender than she would have spent looking at a soap dispenser in the same position. Her increased gaze is a reflection of a _____ in action.

What is the relationship between change blindness and continuity errors (b) Describe a specific example of a "continuity error".

 Discuss the three factors involved in determining what we fixate on in a visual scene.

 Describe Posner et al.'s (1978) precueing procedure, the classic results obtained using this procedure, and the implications for attention theory.

 A monkey attends to a moving stimulus left of fixation then to a stationary stimulus right of fixation. If one were recording MT neuronal activity, it would reveal that _____.

 Explain the load theory of attention.

 Are voice-activated devices in cars a good idea or are they potentially dangerous Explain your reasoning.

 According to Treisman, the _____ stage is the "glue" that combines all the incoming information about an object.

 The eye movements that occur as the observer shifts his/her gaze from one part of the visual scene to another are called _____ eye movements.

 One aspect of the visual system that helps us select specific information from the environment for processing is _____.

 "Learning from past experience" as a factor involved in attention was demonstrated by Shinoda et al. (2001), who showed that drivers are more likely to detect stop signs when they were positioned _____.

 Based on fMRI data from covert shifts of attention, Datta and DeYoe (2009) developed _____. These tools predicted convert attention to a location with _____% accuracy.

 _____ occurs when a stimulus that is not attended is not perceived, even though the person is looking directly at the stimulus.

 In a laboratory experiment on the impact of cell phone conversations on driving, drivers missed _____ red lights when talking on the phone as when not talking on the phone.

 Kelly is participating in an attention study. She is asked to fixate on a cross in the middle of the screen and watch for a word to appear in place of the cross. When the word appears she is using ______ attention to perceive it.

 In the "100=Car Naturalistic Driving Study, the driver was inattentive in some way 3 seconds before _____ of crashes.

 Egly et al. (1994) showed that precueing increases the efficiency of information processing _____.