Question 1

Which of the following is true regarding task-irrelevant stimuli

Accepted Answer

A)  They are least distracting when you are engaged in a difficult task. 
B)  They are least distracting when you are engaged in an easy task. 
C)  They are most likely to distract you when workload is high. 
D)  They are least likely to distract you when perceptual load is low. 
A)  They are least distracting when you are engaged in a difficult task. 
B)  They are least distracting when you are engaged in an easy task. 
C)  They are most likely to distract you when workload is high. 
D)  They are least likely to distract you when perceptual load is low.

Question 2

According to feature integration theory, the color, orientation, and other features of objects are initially processed in the _____ stage of processing.

Accepted Answer

A)  preattentive 
B)  postattentive 
C)  focused attention 
D)  tertiary 
A)  preattentive 
B)  postattentive 
C)  focused attention 
D)  tertiary

Question 3

The spreading enhancement effect of attention can help us perceive _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  occluded objects 
B)  the oblique effect 
C)  grating stimuli 
D)  illusory conjunctions 
A)  occluded objects 
B)  the oblique effect 
C)  grating stimuli 
D)  illusory conjunctions

Question 4

The ability to perceive a rod as being continuous behind an occluding block _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  is innate 
B)  is common in one-week-old infants 
C)  can be accomplished by four-month-olds 
D)  occurs only after sharp acuity is developed 
A)  is innate 
B)  is common in one-week-old infants 
C)  can be accomplished by four-month-olds 
D)  occurs only after sharp acuity is developed

Question 5

The incidence of change blindness _____ when a cue is added to the scene that indicates which part of the scene has changed.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases 
B)  decreases 
C)  remains unchanged 
D)  can increase or decrease, depending on cue duration 
A)  increases 
B)  decreases 
C)  remains unchanged 
D)  can increase or decrease, depending on cue duration

Question 6

Posner's precueing studies demonstrated that attention _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases the color perception of objects 
B)  can spread through objects 
C)  eliminates change blindness 
D)  increases the efficiency of information processing 
A)  increases the color perception of objects 
B)  can spread through objects 
C)  eliminates change blindness 
D)  increases the efficiency of information processing

Question 7

R.M., a patient with Balint's syndrome, reported illusory conjunctions on 23% of the trials _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  only if the two stimuli were presented for less than 1 second 
B)  only if the two stimuli were presented for less than 2 seconds 
C)  if he was told to attend only to the first stimulus 
D)  even if he was presented the two stimuli for 10 seconds 
A)  only if the two stimuli were presented for less than 1 second 
B)  only if the two stimuli were presented for less than 2 seconds 
C)  if he was told to attend only to the first stimulus 
D)  even if he was presented the two stimuli for 10 seconds

Question 8

Land and Hayhoe (2001) found that _____ are most important in determining fixations when a person makes a peanut butter sandwich.

Accepted Answer

A)  the stimulus colors 
B)  the stimulus contrast levels 
C)  the stimulus orientations 
D)  the task demands 
A)  the stimulus colors 
B)  the stimulus contrast levels 
C)  the stimulus orientations 
D)  the task demands

Question 9

Larissa looks at a still picture of a football game. She uses her knowledge of football to look at the quarterback first, then the running backs, then the wide receivers, then the linebackers. This is an example of using _____ to guide attention.

Accepted Answer

A)  saliency maps 
B)  retinotopic maps 
C)  knowledge 
D)  the cue approach 
A)  saliency maps 
B)  retinotopic maps 
C)  knowledge 
D)  the cue approach

Question 10

Define inattentional blindness.
(b) Describe the method and results of Simons and Chabris (1999) research on inattentional blindness.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown not only that we miss

Question 11

In Grimes' 1996 study, _____ of subjects failed to notice a 180-degree rotation of Cinderella's Castle at Disneyland.

Accepted Answer

A)  15%? 
B)  25% 
C)  35% 
D)  45% 
A)  15%? 
B)  25% 
C)  35% 
D)  45%

Question 12

When an infant exhibits dishabituation, the researcher concludes that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the infant cannot tell the difference between the habituated stimulus and the new stimulus 
B)  the infant can tell the difference between the habituated stimulus and the new stimulus 
C)  the new stimulus causes emotional distress in the infant 
D)  the habituated stimulus is more interesting than the new stimulus 
A)  the infant cannot tell the difference between the habituated stimulus and the new stimulus 
B)  the infant can tell the difference between the habituated stimulus and the new stimulus 
C)  the new stimulus causes emotional distress in the infant 
D)  the habituated stimulus is more interesting than the new stimulus

Question 13

_____ can be generated based on saliency principles and used to predict early fixations in a scene.

Accepted Answer

A)  Contrast maps 
B)  Salience decoders 
C)  Interest point files 
D)  Saliency maps 
A)  Contrast maps 
B)  Salience decoders 
C)  Interest point files 
D)  Saliency maps

Question 14

The important finding of Carrasco et al.'s (2004) research was that _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  two physically identical gratings will always be perceived the same 
B)  the attended-to grating is perceived to have a higher contrast than another, identical grating 
C)  the attended-to grating is perceived to have a lower contrast than another, identical grating 
D)  the attended-to grating is perceived to have a higher contrast when compared to a non-identical grating 
A)  two physically identical gratings will always be perceived the same 
B)  the attended-to grating is perceived to have a higher contrast than another, identical grating 
C)  the attended-to grating is perceived to have a lower contrast than another, identical grating 
D)  the attended-to grating is perceived to have a higher contrast when compared to a non-identical grating

Question 15

When presented with superimposed images of a house and a face, Mack is asked to focus on the house. This attentional "focus" results in _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  increased activity in the FFA? 
B)  increased activity in the MT 
C)  increased activity in the PPA 
D)  similar activation changes in the FFA and PPA 
A)  increased activity in the FFA? 
B)  increased activity in the MT 
C)  increased activity in the PPA 
D)  similar activation changes in the FFA and PPA

Question 16

Parkhurst et al. (2002) showed that observers make initial fixations in a visual scene based on _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulus saliency 
B)  meaningfulness 
C)  stimulus schema 
D)  scotopic representations 
A)  stimulus saliency 
B)  meaningfulness 
C)  stimulus schema 
D)  scotopic representations

Question 17

How is talking on a cell phone while driving different from talking to passengers while driving

Accepted Answer

One way to appreciate the difference bet

Question 18

Vaco is playing basketball, and does a "no-look" (covert) pass to a teammate. This demonstrates the idea that attention _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  is solely the result of eye movements 
B)  can occur without looking at the object 
C)  does not occur even if we are looking straight at an object 
D)  is due to the functioning of the rods 
A)  is solely the result of eye movements 
B)  can occur without looking at the object 
C)  does not occur even if we are looking straight at an object 
D)  is due to the functioning of the rods

Question 19

Johnson et al. (2004) presented moving occluded rods to 3-month-old infants, and classified the infants as "perceivers" or  "nonperceivers" of a unified, occluded rod. The main finding of the study was that _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  perceivers and nonperceivers did not differ in eye movements 
B)  perceivers and nonperceivers did not differ in VEP activity 
C)  perceivers tended to make more horizontal eye movements 
D)  perceivers tended to look at the stationary occluder 
A)  perceivers and nonperceivers did not differ in eye movements 
B)  perceivers and nonperceivers did not differ in VEP activity 
C)  perceivers tended to make more horizontal eye movements 
D)  perceivers tended to look at the stationary occluder

Question 20

When a person scans a visual scene, he/she usually makes about _____ fixation(s) per second.

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  three 
C)  nine 
D)  twelve 
A)  one 
B)  three 
C)  nine 
D)  twelve

Which of the following is true regarding task-irrelevant stimuli

According to feature integration theory, the color, orientation, and other features of objects are initially processed in the _____ stage of processing.

The spreading enhancement effect of attention can help us perceive _____.

The ability to perceive a rod as being continuous behind an occluding block _____.

The incidence of change blindness _____ when a cue is added to the scene that indicates which part of the scene has changed.

Posner's precueing studies demonstrated that attention _____.

R.M., a patient with Balint's syndrome, reported illusory conjunctions on 23% of the trials _____.

Land and Hayhoe (2001) found that _____ are most important in determining fixations when a person makes a peanut butter sandwich.

Larissa looks at a still picture of a football game. She uses her knowledge of football to look at the quarterback first, then the running backs, then the wide receivers, then the linebackers. This is an example of using _____ to guide attention.

Define inattentional blindness. (b) Describe the method and results of Simons and Chabris (1999) research on inattentional blindness.

In Grimes' 1996 study, _____ of subjects failed to notice a 180-degree rotation of Cinderella's Castle at Disneyland.

When an infant exhibits dishabituation, the researcher concludes that ____.

_____ can be generated based on saliency principles and used to predict early fixations in a scene.

The important finding of Carrasco et al.'s (2004) research was that _____.

When presented with superimposed images of a house and a face, Mack is asked to focus on the house. This attentional "focus" results in _____.

Parkhurst et al. (2002) showed that observers make initial fixations in a visual scene based on _____.

How is talking on a cell phone while driving different from talking to passengers while driving

Vaco is playing basketball, and does a "no-look" (covert) pass to a teammate. This demonstrates the idea that attention _____.

Johnson et al. (2004) presented moving occluded rods to 3-month-old infants, and classified the infants as "perceivers" or "nonperceivers" of a unified, occluded rod. The main finding of the study was that _____.

When a person scans a visual scene, he/she usually makes about _____ fixation(s) per second.

Introduction to Perception

The Beginning of the Perceptual Process

Neural Processing

Cortical Organization

Perceiving Objects and Scenes

Taking Action

Perceiving Motion

Perceiving Color

Perceiving Depth and Size

Hearing I: Basic Processes and Pitch Perception

Hearing II: Location and Organization

Speech Perception

The Cutaneous Senses

The Chemical Senses

Filters

Exam 6: Visual Attention

Which of the following is true regarding task-irrelevant stimuli

According to feature integration theory, the color, orientation, and other features of objects are initially processed in the _____ stage of processing.

The spreading enhancement effect of attention can help us perceive _____.

The ability to perceive a rod as being continuous behind an occluding block _____.

The incidence of change blindness _____ when a cue is added to the scene that indicates which part of the scene has changed.

Posner's precueing studies demonstrated that attention _____.

R.M., a patient with Balint's syndrome, reported illusory conjunctions on 23% of the trials _____.

Land and Hayhoe (2001) found that _____ are most important in determining fixations when a person makes a peanut butter sandwich.

Larissa looks at a still picture of a football game. She uses her knowledge of football to look at the quarterback first, then the running backs, then the wide receivers, then the linebackers. This is an example of using _____ to guide attention.

Define inattentional blindness. (b) Describe the method and results of Simons and Chabris (1999) research on inattentional blindness.

In Grimes' 1996 study, _____ of subjects failed to notice a 180-degree rotation of Cinderella's Castle at Disneyland.

When an infant exhibits dishabituation, the researcher concludes that ____.

_____ can be generated based on saliency principles and used to predict early fixations in a scene.

The important finding of Carrasco et al.'s (2004) research was that _____.

When presented with superimposed images of a house and a face, Mack is asked to focus on the house. This attentional "focus" results in _____.

Parkhurst et al. (2002) showed that observers make initial fixations in a visual scene based on _____.

How is talking on a cell phone while driving different from talking to passengers while driving

Vaco is playing basketball, and does a "no-look" (covert) pass to a teammate. This demonstrates the idea that attention _____.

Johnson et al. (2004) presented moving occluded rods to 3-month-old infants, and classified the infants as "perceivers" or "nonperceivers" of a unified, occluded rod. The main finding of the study was that _____.

When a person scans a visual scene, he/she usually makes about _____ fixation(s) per second.

Introduction to Perception

The Beginning of the Perceptual Process

Neural Processing

Cortical Organization

Perceiving Objects and Scenes

Taking Action

Perceiving Motion

Perceiving Color

Perceiving Depth and Size

Hearing I: Basic Processes and Pitch Perception

Hearing II: Location and Organization

Speech Perception

The Cutaneous Senses

The Chemical Senses

Filters