Exam 1: An Introduction to Psychology

At a DUI checkpoint, some cars are stopped at random; many others are not stopped. Using the terminology of psychological research, the cars that are stopped may be considered a _____ of all the cars that pass by the checkpoint.

Contrast the aims and the legacy of structuralism on the one hand and functionalism on the other. Identify one or two key figures associated with each of these schools.

A researcher gives the experimental group gingko biloba and the control group a placebo. In this example, what the groups receive is the _____ variable.

Between which pair of values is one MOST likely to find a positive correlation?

Noreen asserts that our behavior often reflects unconscious motives and conflicts. This viewpoint is MOST consistent with the _____ perspective in psychology.

In psychology, scientific journal articles generally begin with a brief description of the entire article. This description is called a(n):

In naturalistic observation, observer bias reflects the influence of the researcher's own values, attitudes, or expectations.

Case studies allow cause-and-effect conclusions.

June overhears a professor objecting to survey research, saying, "Surveys just skim the surface. So much of thought and behavior is unconscious, and therefore unavailable for accurate self-report." June thinks to herself that the professor has been strongly influenced by the _____ perspective in psychology.

The overall group a researcher wishes to examine is called the:

Psychology is more than just the study of behavior.

Name three of the four recurring themes presented in Table 1.5 in your textbook. State a broad psychological phenomenon in which you are especially interested. Suggest one or two more specific topics of potential investigation inspired by each of the three broad themes you mentioned.

The formal beginning of psychology is associated with:

In an experiment, the _____ variable is measured by the researcher.

Amy is conducting a survey of dating attitudes and behaviors among young adults as part of her master's thesis work. Amy distributes questionnaires to 200 randomly selected students enrolled in an introductory psychology course at her university. The 200 students constitute Amy's _____. The people to whom she assumes her results will generalize are termed the _____.

With respect to the scientific method, Willow is developing a question when she reviews theories to spot the research gap no one seems to have filled.

What is a hypothesis? Provide an original example of a hypothesis a psychologist might test. Be sure to operationally define the variables in your hypothesis.

In an experiment, the _____ variable is deliberately manipulated by the researcher.

Research suggests that nearly _____% of college students have trouble distinguishing between pseudosciences and real sciences.

Which statement BEST expresses the relationship between psychology and the study of behavior?