Question 1

In his research on memory,Kandel demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A)  memory power can be boosted through the use of mnemonics. 
B)  damage to the hippocampus can prevent the formation of new memories. 
C)  memories are stored in complex networks of interconnected brain cells called neuronal networks. 
D)  manipulation of particular genes can enhance learning and memory,producing "smart" organisms. 
E)  memory formation involves biochemical changes occurring at the synaptic level. 
A)  memory power can be boosted through the use of mnemonics. 
B)  damage to the hippocampus can prevent the formation of new memories. 
C)  memories are stored in complex networks of interconnected brain cells called neuronal networks. 
D)  manipulation of particular genes can enhance learning and memory,producing "smart" organisms. 
E)  memory formation involves biochemical changes occurring at the synaptic level.

Question 2

Summarize some of the more commonly used mnemonics.

Accepted Answer

A mnemonic is a strategy for improving m

Question 3

______ is the system by which we retain information and bring it to mind.

Accepted Answer

A)  Recall 
B)  Cognition 
C)  Learning 
D)  Memory 
E)  Perception 
A)  Recall 
B)  Cognition 
C)  Learning 
D)  Memory 
E)  Perception

Question 4

The Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve suggests that forgetting

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs slowly at first,then speeds up. 
B)  occurs uniformly over time. 
C)  occurs quickly at first,and then slows down. 
D)  does not occur until at least 24 hours have passed. 
E)  is complete within the first few hours. 
A)  occurs slowly at first,then speeds up. 
B)  occurs uniformly over time. 
C)  occurs quickly at first,and then slows down. 
D)  does not occur until at least 24 hours have passed. 
E)  is complete within the first few hours.

Question 5

One of Ebbinghaus's innovations was using ______ as study material for testing memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  common words 
B)  numbers 
C)  foreign words 
D)  nonsense syllables 
E)  symbols 
A)  common words 
B)  numbers 
C)  foreign words 
D)  nonsense syllables 
E)  symbols

Question 6

Regarding declarative memory,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Declarative memory is a type of long-term memory. 
B)  Declarative memory is memory of facts and personal information. 
C)  Declarative memories are recalled without conscious effort. 
D)  Declarative memory is described as explicit. 
E)  The two types of declarative memory are semantic and episodic. 
A)  Declarative memory is a type of long-term memory. 
B)  Declarative memory is memory of facts and personal information. 
C)  Declarative memories are recalled without conscious effort. 
D)  Declarative memory is described as explicit. 
E)  The two types of declarative memory are semantic and episodic.

Question 7

In retrograde amnesia,

Accepted Answer

A)  new memories interfere with old. 
B)  old memories interfere with new. 
C)  new long-term memories cannot be formed. 
D)  old long-term memories are lost. 
E)  all memories are kept hidden from awareness. 
A)  new memories interfere with old. 
B)  old memories interfere with new. 
C)  new long-term memories cannot be formed. 
D)  old long-term memories are lost. 
E)  all memories are kept hidden from awareness.

Question 8

When asked to report his social security number Ian says,"999-99-1111." Ian has taken the larger 9-digit number and broken it down into smaller pieces,which makes it easier to recall.This is best explained by the concept of

Accepted Answer

A)  maintenance rehearsal. 
B)  elaborative rehearsal. 
C)  flashbulb memory. 
D)  the savings method. 
E)  chunking. 
A)  maintenance rehearsal. 
B)  elaborative rehearsal. 
C)  flashbulb memory. 
D)  the savings method. 
E)  chunking.

Question 9

The World Wide Web's structure,which is organized in terms of a network of associated concepts,is based on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  retrieval theory 
B)  constructionist theory 
C)  levels-of-processing theory 
D)  semantic network model 
E)  three-stage model of memory 
A)  retrieval theory 
B)  constructionist theory 
C)  levels-of-processing theory 
D)  semantic network model 
E)  three-stage model of memory

Question 10

The serial position effect occurs when people

Accepted Answer

A)  remember the first things in a list the best. 
B)  remember the last things in a list the best. 
C)  remember the first and last things in a list the best. 
D)  have difficulty remembering the first and last things in a list. 
E)  remember things they learn first better than things they learn last. 
A)  remember the first things in a list the best. 
B)  remember the last things in a list the best. 
C)  remember the first and last things in a list the best. 
D)  have difficulty remembering the first and last things in a list. 
E)  remember things they learn first better than things they learn last.

Question 11

Regarding eidetic imagery,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eidetic images refer to vivid,detailed visual images. 
B)  Eidetic imagery usually disappears by age ten. 
C)  Eidetic imagery is more common in adults than in children. 
D)  About five percent of children have eidetic imagery. 
E)  Eidetic imagery is more commonly known as photographic memory. 
A)  Eidetic images refer to vivid,detailed visual images. 
B)  Eidetic imagery usually disappears by age ten. 
C)  Eidetic imagery is more common in adults than in children. 
D)  About five percent of children have eidetic imagery. 
E)  Eidetic imagery is more commonly known as photographic memory.

Question 12

In general,which type of memory task produces better retrieval?

Accepted Answer

A)  serial recall 
B)  pair-associates recall 
C)  free recall 
D)  recall 
E)  recognition 
A)  serial recall 
B)  pair-associates recall 
C)  free recall 
D)  recall 
E)  recognition

Question 13

Explain the role of neuronal networks and long-term potentiation in the formation and maintenance of memories.

Accepted Answer

Neuronal networks (neural networks)are c

Question 14

When questioning eyewitnesses,open-ended questions tend to _________ but tend to elicit _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  lead to misidentification of perpetrators; more information 
B)  greater confidence in eyewitness testimony; less information 
C)  fewer misidentifications than leading questions; more information 
D)  increase accuracy,fewer details 
E)  decrease accuracy,more details 
A)  lead to misidentification of perpetrators; more information 
B)  greater confidence in eyewitness testimony; less information 
C)  fewer misidentifications than leading questions; more information 
D)  increase accuracy,fewer details 
E)  decrease accuracy,more details

Question 15

All but which of the following factors influence the reliability of eyewitness testimony?

Accepted Answer

A)  ease of recall 
B)  degree of confidence 
C)  the serial position effect 
D)  general knowledge about a subject 
E)  types of questions asked 
A)  ease of recall 
B)  degree of confidence 
C)  the serial position effect 
D)  general knowledge about a subject 
E)  types of questions asked

Question 16

In his studies of memory,Ebbinghaus found that ______ of the information was lost by the end of the first day after studying,and that ______ of the information was lost after a month had passed.

Accepted Answer

A)  22%; 66% 
B)  33%; 66% 
C)  33%; 80% 
D)  66%; 80% 
E)  66%; 99% 
A)  22%; 66% 
B)  33%; 66% 
C)  33%; 80% 
D)  66%; 80% 
E)  66%; 99%

Question 17

The "Try It Out" Feature in your text,"What's in the Photograph?" applies which concept from the unit on memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  People are better able to recall information that is consistent with their existing schemas. 
B)  People can better recall data that they have "chunked" into smaller bits. 
C)  Emotionally arousing events can leave vivid,flashbulb memories permanently etched into the brain. 
D)  False memories of events that never took place can be induced experimentally. 
E)  Memory retrieval is impaired by a lack of retrieval cues,as well as by failure to encode information. 
A)  People are better able to recall information that is consistent with their existing schemas. 
B)  People can better recall data that they have "chunked" into smaller bits. 
C)  Emotionally arousing events can leave vivid,flashbulb memories permanently etched into the brain. 
D)  False memories of events that never took place can be induced experimentally. 
E)  Memory retrieval is impaired by a lack of retrieval cues,as well as by failure to encode information.

Question 18

To avoid interference effects on memory,your text recommends all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Study material directly before going to sleep. 
B)  Practice or rehearse fresh memories aloud. 
C)  Practice new memories beyond the point necessary to reproduce them without error. 
D)  Don't schedule your classes one right after another. 
E)  Study material that is similar in content in back-to-back fashion. 
A)  Study material directly before going to sleep. 
B)  Practice or rehearse fresh memories aloud. 
C)  Practice new memories beyond the point necessary to reproduce them without error. 
D)  Don't schedule your classes one right after another. 
E)  Study material that is similar in content in back-to-back fashion.

Question 19

Dr.Ohno conducts research on retrospective memory.Which type of memory will Ohno's research participants be recalling?

Accepted Answer

A)  past experiences or events and previously acquired information 
B)  repressed experiences 
C)  past personal experiences only 
D)  things they plan to do in the future 
E)  sensory memories of current experiences 
A)  past experiences or events and previously acquired information 
B)  repressed experiences 
C)  past personal experiences only 
D)  things they plan to do in the future 
E)  sensory memories of current experiences

Question 20

Regarding ideas about where memories are stored,the current belief is that

Accepted Answer

A)  engrams do exist in the way Lashley believed. 
B)  long-term memories are stored in the amygdala. 
C)  engrams exist but modern technology does not permit identifying them. 
D)  memories are stored in neuronal networks rather than individual cells. 
E)  the engram is housed in the brainstem. 
A)  engrams do exist in the way Lashley believed. 
B)  long-term memories are stored in the amygdala. 
C)  engrams exist but modern technology does not permit identifying them. 
D)  memories are stored in neuronal networks rather than individual cells. 
E)  the engram is housed in the brainstem.

In his research on memory,Kandel demonstrated that

Summarize some of the more commonly used mnemonics.

______ is the system by which we retain information and bring it to mind.

The Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve suggests that forgetting

One of Ebbinghaus's innovations was using ______ as study material for testing memory.

Regarding declarative memory,which of the following statements is FALSE?

In retrograde amnesia,

When asked to report his social security number Ian says,"999-99-1111." Ian has taken the larger 9-digit number and broken it down into smaller pieces,which makes it easier to recall.This is best explained by the concept of

The World Wide Web's structure,which is organized in terms of a network of associated concepts,is based on which of the following?

The serial position effect occurs when people

Regarding eidetic imagery,which of the following statements is FALSE?

In general,which type of memory task produces better retrieval?

Explain the role of neuronal networks and long-term potentiation in the formation and maintenance of memories.

When questioning eyewitnesses,open-ended questions tend to _ but tend to elicit _.

All but which of the following factors influence the reliability of eyewitness testimony?

In his studies of memory,Ebbinghaus found that of the information was lost by the end of the first day after studying,and that of the information was lost after a month had passed.

The "Try It Out" Feature in your text,"What's in the Photograph?" applies which concept from the unit on memory?

To avoid interference effects on memory,your text recommends all but which of the following?

Dr.Ohno conducts research on retrospective memory.Which type of memory will Ohno's research participants be recalling?

Regarding ideas about where memories are stored,the current belief is that

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Exam 6: Memory

In his research on memory,Kandel demonstrated that

Summarize some of the more commonly used mnemonics.

______ is the system by which we retain information and bring it to mind.

The Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve suggests that forgetting

One of Ebbinghaus's innovations was using ______ as study material for testing memory.

Regarding declarative memory,which of the following statements is FALSE?

In retrograde amnesia,

When asked to report his social security number Ian says,"999-99-1111." Ian has taken the larger 9-digit number and broken it down into smaller pieces,which makes it easier to recall.This is best explained by the concept of

The World Wide Web's structure,which is organized in terms of a network of associated concepts,is based on which of the following?

The serial position effect occurs when people

Regarding eidetic imagery,which of the following statements is FALSE?

In general,which type of memory task produces better retrieval?

Explain the role of neuronal networks and long-term potentiation in the formation and maintenance of memories.

When questioning eyewitnesses,open-ended questions tend to _________ but tend to elicit _________.

All but which of the following factors influence the reliability of eyewitness testimony?

In his studies of memory,Ebbinghaus found that ______ of the information was lost by the end of the first day after studying,and that ______ of the information was lost after a month had passed.

The "Try It Out" Feature in your text,"What's in the Photograph?" applies which concept from the unit on memory?

To avoid interference effects on memory,your text recommends all but which of the following?

Dr.Ohno conducts research on retrospective memory.Which type of memory will Ohno's research participants be recalling?

Regarding ideas about where memories are stored,the current belief is that

The Science of Psychology

Biological Foundations of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Thinking, language, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Human Development

Psychology and Health

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Methods of Therapy

Social Psychology

Filters

When questioning eyewitnesses,open-ended questions tend to _ but tend to elicit _.

In his studies of memory,Ebbinghaus found that of the information was lost by the end of the first day after studying,and that of the information was lost after a month had passed.