Exam 3: General Issues in Research Design

The two pillars of science are logic and ______________.

What type of study attempts to account for errors in drawing a sample by measuring the same people on two or more occasions?

Research that asks people to recall their pasts is called _____________ research.

A scientific realist approach to examining mechanisms in context bridges

Which of the following represent criteria for causality?

In an examination of violent crime among the most populous nations in the world, the United States ranks very high along with England, France, and Australia.The chance of being raped is higher in France than in the United States.What units of analysis are being used?

When scientists consider whether causal statements are true or false, they are concerned with the validity of causal inference.

When a researcher reports findings from data gathered on groups to the individuals within those groups, a(n)________________________ has occurred.

Define cohort, panel and cross-sectional study.Give an example of each.

In grounded theory, observations may not contribute to theory development.

The relationship between attributes and variables lies at the heart of

Most explanatory social research uses a probabilistic model of causation.

Social science involves three fundamental aspects: theory, data collection, and data analysis.

Which of the following is not one of the research methods discussed in your text?

Marvin Wolfgang's study of males born in Philadelphia in 1945 was an attempt to measure delinquency by following those males from their 10ᵗʰ birthday until they were 18.This is an example of what type of study?

A scientific realist approach to examining mechanisms in context bridges idiographic and nomothetic approaches to causation.

Explain in detail using an example of the way in which the ecological fallacy is the result of errors with units of analysis.

Exploratory and descriptive studies frequently are _______________________ in nature since they allow data to be gathered at one point in time.

Cross-sectional studies are those based on observations made at one time.

Having trouble reconciling general patterns of attitudes and actions with individual exceptions the research personally knows of is termed the __________?