Exam 6: Sampling

In probability theory, the _________________________ indicates how closely the sample estimates will be distributed around the population parameter.

The __________________________ is the range of sample statistics we would obtain if we selected many samples.

The purpose of sampling is to select a set of elements from a population so that the descriptions of the sample statistics accurately portray the parameters of the population.This is best achieved through _____.

The use of ___________________ sampling helps researchers generalize to a larger population.

Random selection permits the researcher to link findings from a sample to the body of probability theory in order to estimate the accuracy of those findings.

Which of the following is not appropriate for use as a sampling frame?

National Crime Victimization Survey and the British Crime Survey both use _____ to gather data.

Discuss the difference between validity and reliability when making measurements.Give an example of each. a.Select two probability sampling techniques and explain why each is an example of probability. Give an example of a research project that would be appropriate for each sampling technique. b.Select two non-probability sampling techniques and explain why each is an example. Give an example of a research project that would be appropriate for each sampling technique.

A basic principle of probability sampling is that a sample will be representative of the population from which it is drawn if _____.

If the variable that you are interested in studying is so rare that it is unlikely to be discovered using random sampling, what is the best alternative?

Multistage cluster sampling with stratification, systematic sampling, simple random sampling and disproportionate stratified sampling are examples of _____.

When a researcher uses a multistage cluster sampling technique, they must repeat several sets, including _____.

If you wanted to study people at different stages of offending, what sorts of samples would you draw? Stated somewhat differently, what are some possible sampling frames for studying crime through the life course? Think about some appropriate study populations and sampling frames for addressing questions like the following: a.What is the rate of involvement in crime among high school students? b.How many property and personal offenses are committed in the year before entering a state prison? c.Among former offenders, what is the effect of being married on criminal involvement?

Your criminal justice class requires a study of the success of your state's drug courts.The professor suggests that you first select 10 counties from your state.From those 10 counties, you will select the two largest cities from each.Finally, the drug courts in each of the cities will be monitored to measure success.What type of sampling design did your professor suggest?

A Residence Assistant (RA)at a local university devised a plan to spot check the dorm for illegal drinking by knocking on every 5ᵗʰ door on each floor.What technique was the RA using?

Which of the following statements is true concerning the relationship between standard error and sample size?

The unit about which information is collected and that provides the basis of analysis is called the ______________________.

When researchers can list each element of a population, that list is known as the ______________________.

When considering probability sampling in general, it is usually the preferred method for selecting study elements because _____.

The unit about which information is gathered and forms the basis for analysis is known as _____.