Question 1

If parents ignore children's desirable behavior, _______ is likely to occur.

Accepted Answer

A) extinction 
B) reinforcement 
C) spontaneous recovery 
D) punishment 
A) extinction 
B) reinforcement 
C) spontaneous recovery 
D) punishment

Question 2

______________ conditioning focuses on how organisms form anticipations about their environments, whereas ______________ conditioning focuses on what they do about them.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______________ conditioning focuses on how organisms form...

Question 3

During World War II, B. F. Skinner was to head up "Project Pigeon," where

Accepted Answer

A) he would train pigeons to carry messages between army camps. 
B) he would train pigeons to guide missiles to their targets. 
C) he was to train pigeons to drop bombs on the enemy. 
D) pigeons were used as projectiles and shot out of cannons. 
A) he would train pigeons to carry messages between army camps. 
B) he would train pigeons to guide missiles to their targets. 
C) he was to train pigeons to drop bombs on the enemy. 
D) pigeons were used as projectiles and shot out of cannons.

Question 4

Which of the following is not an example of a reinforced behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) Praising a dog for rolling over 
B) Patting a dog for rolling over 
C) Ringing a bell before a dog rolls over 
D) Giving a dog a "biscuit" for rolling over. 
A) Praising a dog for rolling over 
B) Patting a dog for rolling over 
C) Ringing a bell before a dog rolls over 
D) Giving a dog a "biscuit" for rolling over.

Question 5

_______ are simple automatic responses to stimuli.

Accepted Answer

A) Reflexes 
B) Conditioners 
C) Successive approximations 
D) Reinforcements 
A) Reflexes 
B) Conditioners 
C) Successive approximations 
D) Reinforcements

Question 6

In operant conditioning, behavior is a result of its

Accepted Answer

A) responses. 
B) stimuli. 
C) consequences. 
D) innate pathways. 
A) responses. 
B) stimuli. 
C) consequences. 
D) innate pathways.

Question 7

A child is bitten by a snake. Whenever he sees a snake, he gets scared. Now, whenever he hears the word "snake," he gets scared. The last situation is called

Accepted Answer

A) higher-order conditioning. 
B) reverse conditioning. 
C) punishment. 
D) partial reinforcement. 
A) higher-order conditioning. 
B) reverse conditioning. 
C) punishment. 
D) partial reinforcement.

Question 8

Which of the following is a secondary reinforcer?

Accepted Answer

A) Money 
B) Food 
C) Warmth 
D) Water 
A) Money 
B) Food 
C) Warmth 
D) Water

Question 9

Explain two methods based on classical conditioning that a therapist might use to help a client overcome a fear of heights.

Accepted Answer

One method a therapist might use is syst

Question 10

There is strong evidence that

Accepted Answer

A) there is a connection between media violence and real-life violence. 
B) there is a causal relationship between media violence and real-life violence. 
C) media violence causes real-life violence. 
D) there is no connection between media violence and real-life violence. 
A) there is a connection between media violence and real-life violence. 
B) there is a causal relationship between media violence and real-life violence. 
C) media violence causes real-life violence. 
D) there is no connection between media violence and real-life violence.

Question 11

Alex, your dog, has just been switched from dry dog food to canned dog food. Alex has always made a fast dash to the kitchen every time he heard the dog food bag rattling. Switching to canned food will most likely result in

Accepted Answer

A) the sound of the bag losing its status as a CS for Alex. 
B) Alex immediately running to the sound of the can opener. 
C) Alex continuing to always come running to the sound of a bag being opened. 
D) none of these 
A) the sound of the bag losing its status as a CS for Alex. 
B) Alex immediately running to the sound of the can opener. 
C) Alex continuing to always come running to the sound of a bag being opened. 
D) none of these

Question 12

The two types of reinforcers are

Accepted Answer

A) primary and secondary. 
B) incidental and delayed. 
C) primary and negative. 
D) positive and negative. 
A) primary and secondary. 
B) incidental and delayed. 
C) primary and negative. 
D) positive and negative.

Question 13

Renee and Josh are considering the use of physical punishment to control their daughter's misbehavior. In making their decision, they should consider which of the following facts?

Accepted Answer

A) Their daughter is less likely to develop internal moral standards if physically punished. 
B) Their daughter may become more physically aggressive. 
C) Their daughter may develop poor relationships with them in the future. 
D) They should consider all of these 
A) Their daughter is less likely to develop internal moral standards if physically punished. 
B) Their daughter may become more physically aggressive. 
C) Their daughter may develop poor relationships with them in the future. 
D) They should consider all of these

Question 14

____________ conditioning occurs when a conditioned stimulus is used to condition a neutral stimulus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________ conditioning occurs when a conditioned stimulus...

Question 15

A good definition of counterconditioning would be

Accepted Answer

A) punishment. 
B) associating a stimulus with another stimulus. 
C) associating a response with another response. 
D) reassociating a stimulus with a different response. 
A) punishment. 
B) associating a stimulus with another stimulus. 
C) associating a response with another response. 
D) reassociating a stimulus with a different response.

Question 16

Tolman showed that rats can learn about their environment without reinforcement. His research illustrated the difference between

Accepted Answer

A) learning and performance. 
B) learning and mapping. 
C) goals and learning. 
D) association and reinforcement. 
A) learning and performance. 
B) learning and mapping. 
C) goals and learning. 
D) association and reinforcement.

Question 17

Your cat starts to salivate when you use the electric can opener to open his can of cat food. After learning the principles of classical conditioning, it becomes obvious to you that the can opener has become an effective

Accepted Answer

A) UR. 
B) US. 
C) CR. 
D) CS. 
A) UR. 
B) US. 
C) CR. 
D) CS.

Question 18

An experimental procedure in which stimuli lose their ability to evoke learned responses because the events that had followed the stimuli no longer occur is the definition of __________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An experimental procedure in which stimuli lose...

Question 19

__________ usually takes only one trial to condition successfully.

Accepted Answer

A) Operant conditioning 
B) Taste aversion 
C) Classical conditioning 
D) Lever pressing 
A) Operant conditioning 
B) Taste aversion 
C) Classical conditioning 
D) Lever pressing

Question 20

Your front doorbell has a higher pitch than your back doorbell. When one rings, you always know which door to answer. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) discrimination. 
B) generalization. 
C) higher-order conditioning. 
D) response generalization. 
A) discrimination. 
B) generalization. 
C) higher-order conditioning. 
D) response generalization.

If parents ignore children's desirable behavior, _______ is likely to occur.

conditioning focuses on how organisms form anticipations about their environments, whereas conditioning focuses on what they do about them.

During World War II, B. F. Skinner was to head up "Project Pigeon," where

Which of the following is not an example of a reinforced behavior?

_______ are simple automatic responses to stimuli.

In operant conditioning, behavior is a result of its

A child is bitten by a snake. Whenever he sees a snake, he gets scared. Now, whenever he hears the word "snake," he gets scared. The last situation is called

Which of the following is a secondary reinforcer?

Explain two methods based on classical conditioning that a therapist might use to help a client overcome a fear of heights.

There is strong evidence that

Alex, your dog, has just been switched from dry dog food to canned dog food. Alex has always made a fast dash to the kitchen every time he heard the dog food bag rattling. Switching to canned food will most likely result in

The two types of reinforcers are

Renee and Josh are considering the use of physical punishment to control their daughter's misbehavior. In making their decision, they should consider which of the following facts?

____________ conditioning occurs when a conditioned stimulus is used to condition a neutral stimulus.

A good definition of counterconditioning would be

Tolman showed that rats can learn about their environment without reinforcement. His research illustrated the difference between

Your cat starts to salivate when you use the electric can opener to open his can of cat food. After learning the principles of classical conditioning, it becomes obvious to you that the can opener has become an effective

An experimental procedure in which stimuli lose their ability to evoke learned responses because the events that had followed the stimuli no longer occur is the definition of __________________.

__________ usually takes only one trial to condition successfully.

Your front doorbell has a higher pitch than your back doorbell. When one rings, you always know which door to answer. This is an example of

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Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Memory: Remembrance of Things Past-And Future

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

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Psychological Disorders

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Exam 5: Learning

If parents ignore children's desirable behavior, _______ is likely to occur.

______________ conditioning focuses on how organisms form anticipations about their environments, whereas ______________ conditioning focuses on what they do about them.

During World War II, B. F. Skinner was to head up "Project Pigeon," where

Which of the following is not an example of a reinforced behavior?

_______ are simple automatic responses to stimuli.

In operant conditioning, behavior is a result of its

A child is bitten by a snake. Whenever he sees a snake, he gets scared. Now, whenever he hears the word "snake," he gets scared. The last situation is called

Which of the following is a secondary reinforcer?

Explain two methods based on classical conditioning that a therapist might use to help a client overcome a fear of heights.

There is strong evidence that

Alex, your dog, has just been switched from dry dog food to canned dog food. Alex has always made a fast dash to the kitchen every time he heard the dog food bag rattling. Switching to canned food will most likely result in

The two types of reinforcers are

Renee and Josh are considering the use of physical punishment to control their daughter's misbehavior. In making their decision, they should consider which of the following facts?

____________ conditioning occurs when a conditioned stimulus is used to condition a neutral stimulus.

A good definition of counterconditioning would be

Tolman showed that rats can learn about their environment without reinforcement. His research illustrated the difference between

Your cat starts to salivate when you use the electric can opener to open his can of cat food. After learning the principles of classical conditioning, it becomes obvious to you that the can opener has become an effective

An experimental procedure in which stimuli lose their ability to evoke learned responses because the events that had followed the stimuli no longer occur is the definition of __________________.

__________ usually takes only one trial to condition successfully.

Your front doorbell has a higher pitch than your back doorbell. When one rings, you always know which door to answer. This is an example of

What Is Psychology

Biology and Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Memory: Remembrance of Things Past-And Future

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

The Voyage Through the Life Span

Personality: Theory and Measurement

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Methods of Therapy

Social Psychology

Psychology and Human Behavior

Psychology and Personality

Filters

conditioning focuses on how organisms form anticipations about their environments, whereas conditioning focuses on what they do about them.