Exam 5: Learning

Rescorla's research on contingency theory supports a cognitive perspective in learning because

When you are beginning to train your dog to sit, it is most effective to put him on

When we train a rat to press a lever using shaping, we reinforce all those behaviors that move in the direction of the lever. We are reinforcing __________ of the goal.

During Pavlov's classic experiments, after conditioning, the bell was the __________ and salivation was the __________.

Counterconditioning is used to overcome fear responses.

In biofeedback training, reinforcement comes in the form of

Many fear responses are probably acquired through the process of _______ conditioning.

A stimulus that indicates reinforcement is available is called a _____________ stimulus.

All of the following are examples of reinforcement schedules except

A student's preference for a grade of "A" rather than "F" is most likely the result of

William's dad was a gardener. William often played in the yard where his dad worked. He now has his own home and prides himself for having the best garden on the block. Most likely, ___________ learning occurred during his childhood.

A trained salivary response was called the _______________ by Pavlov.

Peter and Suki want to make sure that their daughter doesn't imitate violence she sees through the media. They should do all except which of the following?

Media violence could __________ the expression of aggressive behavior, especially when __________.

Because of the phenomenon of spontaneous recovery, psychologists believe that

In the classical conditioning experiment by Pavlov, saliva to the meat powder was a(n) __________ and saliva to the bell was a(n) ___________.

Negative reinforcement and punishment are basically the same thing.

Johnny is tormented in the schoolyard every day by a bully with bright red frizzy hair. One day, Johnny's father brought his boss, Mr. Dale, home. The boss had bright red frizzy hair, and Johnny ran to his room, crying. Mr. Dale's hair functioned as a __________, and Johnny's fear was a __________.

Spontaneous recovery describes the event in which an organism performs

Learning that is not mechanically acquired through reinforcement, void of overt responses, and gained through paying attention to other's behavior is called ___________ learning.