Question 1

Opening of sodium channels in the axon membrane causes

Accepted Answer

A)  depolarization. 
B)  repolarization. 
C)  hyperpolarization. 
D)  increased positive charge inside the membrane. 
E)  both depolarization and increased positive charge inside the membrane. 
A)  depolarization. 
B)  repolarization. 
C)  hyperpolarization. 
D)  increased positive charge inside the membrane. 
E)  both depolarization and increased positive charge inside the membrane.

Question 2

Ions can move across the plasma membrane in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  through voltage-gated channels as in the action potential 
B)  through passive or leak channels 
C)  by ATP-dependent ion pumps like the sodium-potassium exchange pump 
D)  through chemically-gated channels as in neuromuscular transmission 
E)  all of the above 
A)  through voltage-gated channels as in the action potential 
B)  through passive or leak channels 
C)  by ATP-dependent ion pumps like the sodium-potassium exchange pump 
D)  through chemically-gated channels as in neuromuscular transmission 
E)  all of the above

Question 3

In a(n) ________ synapse, current flows directly between cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a(n) ________ synapse, current flows directly...

Question 4

________ line the brain ventricles and spinal canal.

Accepted Answer

A)  Astrocytes 
B)  Satellite cells 
C)  Oligodendrocytes 
D)  Microglia 
E)  Ependymal cells 
A)  Astrocytes 
B)  Satellite cells 
C)  Oligodendrocytes 
D)  Microglia 
E)  Ependymal cells

Question 5

A drug that blocks ATP production is introduced into an isolated axon preparation. The axon is then repeatedly stimulated, and recordings are made of the response. What effects would you expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

Initially, the recording would show norm

Question 6

If the permeability of a resting axon to sodium ion increases,

Accepted Answer

A)  the membrane potential will depolarize. 
B)  the membrane potential will hyperpolarize. 
C)  inward movement of sodium ions will increase. 
D)  outward movement of sodium ions will decrease. 
E)  both the inward movement of sodium ions will increase and the membrane potential will depolarize. 
A)  the membrane potential will depolarize. 
B)  the membrane potential will hyperpolarize. 
C)  inward movement of sodium ions will increase. 
D)  outward movement of sodium ions will decrease. 
E)  both the inward movement of sodium ions will increase and the membrane potential will depolarize.

Question 7

If the potassium permeability of a resting neuron increases above the resting permeability, what effect will this have on the transmembrane potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  The inside of the membrane will become more positive. 
B)  The inside of the membrane will become more negative. 
C)  There will be almost no effect on transmembrane potential. 
D)  The membrane will become depolarized. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  The inside of the membrane will become more positive. 
B)  The inside of the membrane will become more negative. 
C)  There will be almost no effect on transmembrane potential. 
D)  The membrane will become depolarized. 
E)  none of the above

Question 8

Small, wandering cells that engulf cell debris and pathogens in the CNS are called

Accepted Answer

A)  astrocytes. 
B)  satellite cells. 
C)  oligodendrocytes. 
D)  microglia. 
E)  ependymal cells. 
A)  astrocytes. 
B)  satellite cells. 
C)  oligodendrocytes. 
D)  microglia. 
E)  ependymal cells.

Question 9

The separation of plus and negative charges across the membrane creates a ________ difference, or voltage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The separation of plus and negative charges...

Question 10

The plasma membrane of an axon is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The plasma membrane of an axon is...

Question 11

Graded potentials

Accepted Answer

A)  produce an effect that increases with distance from the point of stimulation. 
B)  produce an effect that spreads actively across the membrane surface without diminishing. 
C)  may be either a depolarization or a hyperpolarization. 
D)  are often all-or-none. 
E)  always cause repolarization. 
A)  produce an effect that increases with distance from the point of stimulation. 
B)  produce an effect that spreads actively across the membrane surface without diminishing. 
C)  may be either a depolarization or a hyperpolarization. 
D)  are often all-or-none. 
E)  always cause repolarization.

Question 12

Figure 11-1 The Neuron
Use Figure 11-1 to answer the following questions:
-Which part of the neuron can conduct an action potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  1 and 2 
C)  2 and 3 
D)  3 and 4 
E)  3, 4, and 5 
A)  1 
B)  1 and 2 
C)  2 and 3 
D)  3 and 4 
E)  3, 4, and 5

Question 13

Clusters of RER and free ribosomes in neurons are called

Accepted Answer

A)  neurofilaments. 
B)  neurofibrils. 
C)  perikaryon. 
D)  Nissl bodies. 
E)  microglia. 
A)  neurofilaments. 
B)  neurofibrils. 
C)  perikaryon. 
D)  Nissl bodies. 
E)  microglia.

Question 14

The period from when an action potential begins until normal excitability returns is known as the ________ period.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The period from when an action potential...

Question 15

________ channels open or close in response to physical distortion of the membrane surface.

Accepted Answer

A)  Voltage-gated 
B)  Chemically gated 
C)  Active 
D)  Mechanically gated 
E)  Leak 
A)  Voltage-gated 
B)  Chemically gated 
C)  Active 
D)  Mechanically gated 
E)  Leak

Question 16

The period during which an excitable membrane cannot respond to further stimulation is the ________.

Accepted Answer

absolute r

Question 17

Functions of astrocytes include all of the following, except

Accepted Answer

A)  maintaining the blood-brain barrier. 
B)  conducting action potentials. 
C)  guiding neuron development. 
D)  responding to neural tissue damage. 
E)  forming a three-dimensional framework for the CNS. 
A)  maintaining the blood-brain barrier. 
B)  conducting action potentials. 
C)  guiding neuron development. 
D)  responding to neural tissue damage. 
E)  forming a three-dimensional framework for the CNS.

Question 18

________ neurons are small and have no anatomical features that distinguish dendrites from axons.

Accepted Answer

A)  Multipolar 
B)  Anaxonic 
C)  Unipolar 
D)  Bipolar 
E)  none of the above 
A)  Multipolar 
B)  Anaxonic 
C)  Unipolar 
D)  Bipolar 
E)  none of the above

Question 19

Which of the following would not have an effect on synaptic function?

Accepted Answer

A)  interfere with neurotransmitter synthesis 
B)  interfere with neurotransmitter reuptake 
C)  prevent neurotransmitter inactivation 
D)  block neurotransmitter binding to receptors 
E)  All of the above would affect synaptic function. 
A)  interfere with neurotransmitter synthesis 
B)  interfere with neurotransmitter reuptake 
C)  prevent neurotransmitter inactivation 
D)  block neurotransmitter binding to receptors 
E)  All of the above would affect synaptic function.

Question 20

The same ________ can have different effects depending on the properties of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitter; receptor 
B)  receptor; neurotransmitter 
C)  substrate; receptor 
D)  hormone; neurotransmitter 
E)  propagation; neurotransmitter 
A)  neurotransmitter; receptor 
B)  receptor; neurotransmitter 
C)  substrate; receptor 
D)  hormone; neurotransmitter 
E)  propagation; neurotransmitter

Exam 11: Neural Tissue

Opening of sodium channels in the axon membrane causes

Ions can move across the plasma membrane in which of the following ways?

In a(n) ________ synapse, current flows directly between cells.

________ line the brain ventricles and spinal canal.

A drug that blocks ATP production is introduced into an isolated axon preparation. The axon is then repeatedly stimulated, and recordings are made of the response. What effects would you expect to observe?

If the permeability of a resting axon to sodium ion increases,

If the potassium permeability of a resting neuron increases above the resting permeability, what effect will this have on the transmembrane potential?

Small, wandering cells that engulf cell debris and pathogens in the CNS are called

The separation of plus and negative charges across the membrane creates a ________ difference, or voltage.

The plasma membrane of an axon is called the ________.

Graded potentials

Figure 11-1 The Neuron Use Figure 11-1 to answer the following questions: -Which part of the neuron can conduct an action potential?

Clusters of RER and free ribosomes in neurons are called

The period from when an action potential begins until normal excitability returns is known as the ________ period.

________ channels open or close in response to physical distortion of the membrane surface.

The period during which an excitable membrane cannot respond to further stimulation is the ________.

Functions of astrocytes include all of the following, except

________ neurons are small and have no anatomical features that distinguish dendrites from axons.

Which of the following would not have an effect on synaptic function?

The same ________ can have different effects depending on the properties of the ________.

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Level of Organization

Cellular Level of Organization

Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Skeleton

Articulations

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood and Blood Vessels

The Heart and Cardiovascular Function

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters

The same can have different effects depending on the properties of the .