Question 1

Glucose is to photosynthesis as pyruvate is to:

Accepted Answer

A) oxidative phosphorylation 
B) glycolysis 
C) fermentation 
D) Krebs cycle 
A) oxidative phosphorylation 
B) glycolysis 
C) fermentation 
D) Krebs cycle

Question 2

Compare anaerobic and anaerobic respiration in terms of energy yields and reactants within the pathways. Anaerobic respiration and fermentation are both pathways that may occur in the absence of oxygen. Which confers a greater advantage to the cell? Why is the less advantageous pathway in existence within cells at all?"

Accepted Answer

Aerobic and anaerobic respiration differ

Question 3

In fermentation reactions occurring in yeast to produce wine,two products of the reaction are __________ and _________.

Accepted Answer

A) acid; hydrogen gas 
B) hydrogen gas; propionic acid 
C) ethyl alcohol; methane 
D) carbon dioxide; ethyl alcohol 
A) acid; hydrogen gas 
B) hydrogen gas; propionic acid 
C) ethyl alcohol; methane 
D) carbon dioxide; ethyl alcohol

Question 4

The synthesis of DNA,in which small nucleotides are joined together to make a single large molecule would be most correctly described as being a/n ________ reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) metabolic 
B) anabolic 
C) catabolic 
D) cytobolic 
A) metabolic 
B) anabolic 
C) catabolic 
D) cytobolic

Question 5

Animals (humans for example)are:

Accepted Answer

A) photoautotrophs 
B) photheterotrophs 
C) chemoautotrophs 
D) chemoheterotrophs 
A) photoautotrophs 
B) photheterotrophs 
C) chemoautotrophs 
D) chemoheterotrophs

Question 6

Factors that affect the rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions include:

Accepted Answer

A) temperature 
B) pH 
C) concentration of enzyme 
D) all of the above 
A) temperature 
B) pH 
C) concentration of enzyme 
D) all of the above

Question 7

A metabolic pathway that is involved in both breakdown and synthetic reactions is properly termed _____.

Accepted Answer

A) catabolic 
B) amphibolic 
C) metabolic 
D) anabolic 
A) catabolic 
B) amphibolic 
C) metabolic 
D) anabolic

Question 8

The prokaryotic aerobic metabolism of glucose produces a total (net)of ________ molecules of ATP.

Accepted Answer

A) 24 
B) 30 
C) 34 
D) 38 
A) 24 
B) 30 
C) 34 
D) 38

Question 9

Chemoautotrophic bacteria obtain the energy they need from:

Accepted Answer

A) the reactions of photosynthesis 
B) sunlight 
C) carbon dioxide in the atmosphere 
D) chemical reactions in their cytoplasm centered around the use of inorganic substances 
A) the reactions of photosynthesis 
B) sunlight 
C) carbon dioxide in the atmosphere 
D) chemical reactions in their cytoplasm centered around the use of inorganic substances

Question 10

How does concentration affect enzyme-catalyzed reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) As the concentration of the product goes up the enzyme increases the rate it produces the product. 
B) Concentration does not affect enzyme-catalyzed reactions because they are irreversible. 
C) At chemical equilibrium, no net change in the concentration of the product or substrate occurs. 
D) The quantity of enzyme available usually controls the rate of a metabolic reaction. 
A) As the concentration of the product goes up the enzyme increases the rate it produces the product. 
B) Concentration does not affect enzyme-catalyzed reactions because they are irreversible. 
C) At chemical equilibrium, no net change in the concentration of the product or substrate occurs. 
D) The quantity of enzyme available usually controls the rate of a metabolic reaction.

Question 11

In the electron transport chain,the energy to make ATP comes directly from _____.

Accepted Answer

A) FADH₂ 
B) NADH 
C) both FADH₂ and NADH 
D) neither FADH₂ nor NADH 
A) FADH₂ 
B) NADH 
C) both FADH₂ and NADH 
D) neither FADH₂ nor NADH

Question 12

Organisms that can use oxygen for metabolic reactions but can also function in an environment devoid of oxygen are termed _____.

Accepted Answer

A) aerobes 
B) anaerobes 
C) aerophiles 
D) facultative anaerobes 
A) aerobes 
B) anaerobes 
C) aerophiles 
D) facultative anaerobes

Question 13

Bioluminescent microbes:

Accepted Answer

A) may have evolved because of aerobic metabolism 
B) are often beneficiaries of symbiotic relationships with a larger host, producing light in exchange for nutrients 
C) often have the enzyme luciferase which catalyzes the oxidation reaction that emits light 
D) all of the above 
A) may have evolved because of aerobic metabolism 
B) are often beneficiaries of symbiotic relationships with a larger host, producing light in exchange for nutrients 
C) often have the enzyme luciferase which catalyzes the oxidation reaction that emits light 
D) all of the above

Question 14

The green sulfur and purple sulfur bacteria are capable of:

Accepted Answer

A) carrying out photosynthesis 
B) only obtaining energy from organic molecules 
C) bypassing glycolysis for the Krebs cycle 
D) metabolizing without enzymes 
A) carrying out photosynthesis 
B) only obtaining energy from organic molecules 
C) bypassing glycolysis for the Krebs cycle 
D) metabolizing without enzymes

Question 15

The electrons transferred from acetyl groups in the Krebs cycle are transferred to:

Accepted Answer

A) NAD⁺ only 
B) FAD only 
C) neither NAD⁺ and FAD 
D) both NAD⁺ and FAD 
A) NAD⁺ only 
B) FAD only 
C) neither NAD⁺ and FAD 
D) both NAD⁺ and FAD

Question 16

Photoautotrophs obtain energy from:

Accepted Answer

A) light and use carbon dioxide as a carbon source 
B) organic molecules and use carbon dioxide as a carbon source 
C) inorganic substances and use carbon dioxide as a carbon source 
D) light and use organic substances as a carbon source 
A) light and use carbon dioxide as a carbon source 
B) organic molecules and use carbon dioxide as a carbon source 
C) inorganic substances and use carbon dioxide as a carbon source 
D) light and use organic substances as a carbon source

Exam 5: Essential Concepts of Metabolism

Glucose is to photosynthesis as pyruvate is to:

In fermentation reactions occurring in yeast to produce wine,two products of the reaction are __________ and _________.

The synthesis of DNA,in which small nucleotides are joined together to make a single large molecule would be most correctly described as being a/n ________ reaction.

Animals (humans for example)are:

Factors that affect the rate of enzyme catalyzed reactions include:

A metabolic pathway that is involved in both breakdown and synthetic reactions is properly termed _____.

The prokaryotic aerobic metabolism of glucose produces a total (net)of ________ molecules of ATP.

Chemoautotrophic bacteria obtain the energy they need from:

How does concentration affect enzyme-catalyzed reactions?

In the electron transport chain,the energy to make ATP comes directly from _____.

Organisms that can use oxygen for metabolic reactions but can also function in an environment devoid of oxygen are termed _____.

Bioluminescent microbes:

The green sulfur and purple sulfur bacteria are capable of:

The electrons transferred from acetyl groups in the Krebs cycle are transferred to:

Photoautotrophs obtain energy from:

Scope and History of Microbiology

Fundamentals of Chemistry

Microscopy and Staining

Characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Growth and Culturing of Bacteria

Microbial Genetics

Gene Transfer and Genetic Engineering

An Introduction to Taxonomy: the Bacteria

Viruses

Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Parasites

Sterilization and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Host-Microbe Relationships and Disease Processes

Epidemiology and Nosocomial Infections

Innate Host Defenses

Immunology I: Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunization

Immunology Ii: Immunological Disorders and Tests

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes; Wounds and Bites

Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Oral and Gastrointestinal Diseases

Cardiovascular, lymphatic and Systemic Disease

Diseases of the Nervous System

Environmental Microbiology

Applied Microbiology

Filters

In fermentation reactions occurring in yeast to produce wine,two products of the reaction are __ and _.