Question 1

Which of the following does not pertain to the mutualistic organism E.coli?

Accepted Answer

A) Found in large numbers on human host 
B) Found in the human intestinal tract 
C) Synthesizes vitamin K 
D) Synthesizes blood clotting factors 
A) Found in large numbers on human host 
B) Found in the human intestinal tract 
C) Synthesizes vitamin K 
D) Synthesizes blood clotting factors

Question 2

A symptom:

Accepted Answer

A) is present during the convalescent stage 
B) can be observed or felt only by the patient 
C) can be observed by examination of the patient 
D) only occurs during invasive infections 
A) is present during the convalescent stage 
B) can be observed or felt only by the patient 
C) can be observed by examination of the patient 
D) only occurs during invasive infections

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the relationship between hosts and microbes is true?

Accepted Answer

A) An opportunistic pathogen has a relatively low infectious dose. 
B) Infection always leads to symptoms. 
C) Some organisms can be pathogens and commensals. 
D) Endogenous infections are caused by microbes that are endemic to the environment. 
A) An opportunistic pathogen has a relatively low infectious dose. 
B) Infection always leads to symptoms. 
C) Some organisms can be pathogens and commensals. 
D) Endogenous infections are caused by microbes that are endemic to the environment.

Question 4

Microbial competition:

Accepted Answer

A) explains diseases moving from one species to another 
B) encompasses both direct and indirect harm to the host 
C) explains why some bacteria are harmless in one site but turn pathogenic in another 
D) is beneficial when commensal bacteria prevent pathogens from colonizing 
A) explains diseases moving from one species to another 
B) encompasses both direct and indirect harm to the host 
C) explains why some bacteria are harmless in one site but turn pathogenic in another 
D) is beneficial when commensal bacteria prevent pathogens from colonizing

Question 5

Which of the following do not affect the incubation period of an infectious disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Nature of the microorganism 
B) Virulence factors 
C) The numbers of invading microorganism 
D) Time between symptoms arising and microbe being transmitted 
A) Nature of the microorganism 
B) Virulence factors 
C) The numbers of invading microorganism 
D) Time between symptoms arising and microbe being transmitted

Question 6

Hyaluronidase:

Accepted Answer

A) dissolves blood clots 
B) allows the pathogens to wall themselves off 
C) or spreading factor is important for streptococci colonization 
D) or adhesin is important for staphylococci to adhere to tissue 
A) dissolves blood clots 
B) allows the pathogens to wall themselves off 
C) or spreading factor is important for streptococci colonization 
D) or adhesin is important for staphylococci to adhere to tissue

Question 7

Exotoxins:

Accepted Answer

A) are soluble substances secreted into the host bloodstream 
B) build up after antibiotic treatment 
C) require the bacteria to die or divide 
D) consist of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 
A) are soluble substances secreted into the host bloodstream 
B) build up after antibiotic treatment 
C) require the bacteria to die or divide 
D) consist of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

Question 8

An infection that occurs after the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and the subsequent destruction of the normal microbiota would be considered a/an:

Accepted Answer

A) chronic infection 
B) opportunistic infection 
C) focal infection 
D) mixed infection 
A) chronic infection 
B) opportunistic infection 
C) focal infection 
D) mixed infection

Question 9

An infection that is confined to a specific area of the body is a:

Accepted Answer

A) local infection 
B) focal infection 
C) systemic infection 
D) latent infection 
A) local infection 
B) focal infection 
C) systemic infection 
D) latent infection

Question 10

Endotoxins:

Accepted Answer

A) are more potent than exotoxins 
B) are unstable 
C) have nonspecific effects such as fever 
D) are actively excreted into medium 
A) are more potent than exotoxins 
B) are unstable 
C) have nonspecific effects such as fever 
D) are actively excreted into medium

Question 11

What type of organism has caused the abnormal changes in these cells in Figure (b)? The cells in Figure (a)are normal. (a)

(b)

Accepted Answer

A) Fungus 
B) Protozoa 
C) Virus 
D) Bacteria 
A) Fungus 
B) Protozoa 
C) Virus 
D) Bacteria

Question 12

An acute disease becomes ______ when the body cannot get rid of it; while a local disease becomes _______ when it disseminates into deeper organs and tissues.

Accepted Answer

A) contagious; systemic 
B) contagious; secondary 
C) chronic; systemic 
D) chronic; secondary 
A) contagious; systemic 
B) contagious; secondary 
C) chronic; systemic 
D) chronic; secondary

Question 13

Eradication of a given infectious disease:

Accepted Answer

A) has never been achieved 
B) only occurs with infectious agents that are adaptable 
C) is made easier when there is a lack of medical care 
D) is difficult due to political, economic and scientific barriers 
A) has never been achieved 
B) only occurs with infectious agents that are adaptable 
C) is made easier when there is a lack of medical care 
D) is difficult due to political, economic and scientific barriers

Question 14

Noncommunicable infectious diseases:

Accepted Answer

A) are especially common among young children 
B) includes Klebsiella pneumoniae which is only slightly contagious 
C) are not spread form one host to another 
D) two of the above 
A) are especially common among young children 
B) includes Klebsiella pneumoniae which is only slightly contagious 
C) are not spread form one host to another 
D) two of the above

Question 15

Resident microflora:

Accepted Answer

A) can be found in the stomach and are all adapted to acidic conditions 
B) may be permanent or transient 
C) may be responsible for opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals 
D) two of the above 
A) can be found in the stomach and are all adapted to acidic conditions 
B) may be permanent or transient 
C) may be responsible for opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals 
D) two of the above

Exam 14: Host-Microbe Relationships and Disease Processes

Which of the following does not pertain to the mutualistic organism E.coli?

A symptom:

Which of the following statements about the relationship between hosts and microbes is true?

Microbial competition:

Which of the following do not affect the incubation period of an infectious disease?

Hyaluronidase:

Exotoxins:

An infection that occurs after the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and the subsequent destruction of the normal microbiota would be considered a/an:

An infection that is confined to a specific area of the body is a:

Endotoxins:

What type of organism has caused the abnormal changes in these cells in Figure (b)? The cells in Figure (a)are normal. (a) (b)

An acute disease becomes ______ when the body cannot get rid of it; while a local disease becomes _______ when it disseminates into deeper organs and tissues.

Eradication of a given infectious disease:

Noncommunicable infectious diseases:

Resident microflora:

Scope and History of Microbiology

Fundamentals of Chemistry

Microscopy and Staining

Characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Essential Concepts of Metabolism

Growth and Culturing of Bacteria

Microbial Genetics

Gene Transfer and Genetic Engineering

An Introduction to Taxonomy: the Bacteria

Viruses

Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Parasites

Sterilization and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Epidemiology and Nosocomial Infections

Innate Host Defenses

Immunology I: Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunization

Immunology Ii: Immunological Disorders and Tests

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes; Wounds and Bites

Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Oral and Gastrointestinal Diseases

Cardiovascular, lymphatic and Systemic Disease

Diseases of the Nervous System

Environmental Microbiology

Applied Microbiology

Filters

An acute disease becomes when the body cannot get rid of it; while a local disease becomes _ when it disseminates into deeper organs and tissues.