Exam 19: The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

The thyroid gland secretes a hormone that uses a second-messenger system at target cells.

Indicate the effect each item in the top column has on the secretion rate of the hormone in the bottom column by writing the appropriate letter using the answer code below. a.increases b.decreases c.has little or no effect on -Increased plasma PO₄³⁻ _____ parathyroid hormone.

Glucagon

The adrenocortical hormones cortisol and aldosterone are peptide hormones.

PTH increases plasma Ca²⁺ and decreases plasma PO₄.

Identify the correct statement(s) about gluconeogenesis.

Excess TSH stimulation causes hypertrophy in the thyroid gland.

Select the pituitary hormone that increases the concentration of blood sugar.

Myxedema is associated with hypersecretion of thyroid hormones.

The hormone that causes bone resorption is secreted by the ____, while that causing calcium deposition is secreted by the ____.

The ____________________ cells of the thyroid secrete the Ca²⁺-regulating hormone ____________________.

Which of the following characterizes Type I but not Type II diabetes mellitus?

Aldosterone

Indicate the site where each hormone is made by writing the appropriate letter in the blank. a.alpha cells of islets of Langerhans in the pancreas b.beta cells of islets of Langerhans in the pancreas c.anterior pituitary d.hypothalamus e.adrenal cortex f.adrenal medulla g.parathyroid gland h.thyroid gland i.skin j.posterior pituitary k.pineal gland -Glucagon

Identify the factors associated with each of the biochemical processes below by writing the appropriate letter in the blank preceding the statement. a.gluconeogenesis b.glycogenesis c.glycogenolysis d.Both gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis e.all of the above -Increases the blood glucose concentration

The chemical reactions involving the three classes of energy-rich organic molecules are collectively known as ____________________ metabolism.

A man is found to have the following symptoms: a large goiter, muscle weakness, excessively emotional and irritable disposition, extreme weight loss, a constant feeling of being too warm in normal-temperature rooms, and bulging eyes.The probable diagnosis is

Indicate which gland is associated with the following characteristics. a.adrenal cortex b.adrenal medulla c.thyroid d.parathyroid e.pancreas -Regulates blood sugar levels

Osteoporosis is characterized by a rate of bone resorption exceeding the rate of bone deposition.

In addition to the same receptors to which norepinephrine binds, epinephrine binds to _______ receptors, over which the sympathetic nervous system exerts little influence.