Question 1

A coast that grows seaward as a result of regular sedimentation is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) active continental margin. 
B) erosional coast. 
C) accretionary coast. 
D) coastal plain. 
A) active continental margin. 
B) erosional coast. 
C) accretionary coast. 
D) coastal plain. C

Question 2

Which of the following features is characteristic of a rocky coast?

Accepted Answer

A) sand spits 
B) sea stacks 
C) lagoons 
D) accretionary prisms 
A) sand spits 
B) sea stacks 
C) lagoons 
D) accretionary prisms B

Question 3

The picture below shows the fjords of Norway. This is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) submergent coast. 
B) accretionary coast. 
C) estuary. 
D) emergent coast. 
A) submergent coast. 
B) accretionary coast. 
C) estuary. 
D) emergent coast. A

Question 4

What are estuaries and how do they form?

Accepted Answer

Estuaries are regions where se

Question 5

The active continental margin is located at the

Accepted Answer

A) west coast of North America. 
B) east coast of North America. 
C) west coast of Africa. 
D) east coast of South America. 
A) west coast of North America. 
B) east coast of North America. 
C) west coast of Africa. 
D) east coast of South America.

Question 6

A(n) __________ is a vegetated, flat-lying stretch of coast that floods at high tide, becomes particularly exposed at low tide, and does not feel the impact of strong waves.

Accepted Answer

A) marine terrace 
B) coral reef 
C) coastal wetland 
D) estuary 
A) marine terrace 
B) coral reef 
C) coastal wetland 
D) estuary

Question 7

How is an erosional coast different from an accretionary coast?

Accepted Answer

Erosional coasts form where wave erosion

Question 8

What is a longshore drift? Why does this take place? Illustrate this phenomenon.

Accepted Answer

Longshore drift is the gradual net trans

Question 9

What will eventually happen to the headlands in the figure below?

Accepted Answer

A) They will join as the bays in between fill with sediment. 
B) They will become a straight line of cliffs as rock is eroded away. 
C) They will remain as they are for millions of years. 
D) The sea will submerge them as the terrace is uplifted. 
A) They will join as the bays in between fill with sediment. 
B) They will become a straight line of cliffs as rock is eroded away. 
C) They will remain as they are for millions of years. 
D) The sea will submerge them as the terrace is uplifted.

Question 10

A coral reef would MOST likely be found

Accepted Answer

A) in an expansive, warm-water tropical tidal flat. 
B) in clear, shallow waters at high latitudes. 
C) in the shallow waters surrounding a volcanic tropical island. 
D) along the coasts of active margins. 
A) in an expansive, warm-water tropical tidal flat. 
B) in clear, shallow waters at high latitudes. 
C) in the shallow waters surrounding a volcanic tropical island. 
D) along the coasts of active margins.

Question 11

Some beaches are maintained by artificially increasing the rate of sediment supply using a procedure known as

Accepted Answer

A) beach protection. 
B) sand swash. 
C) beach nourishment 
D) tidal bore. 
A) beach protection. 
B) sand swash. 
C) beach nourishment 
D) tidal bore.

Question 12

Structures-like jetties, groins, and breakwaters-that are designed to prevent beach erosion

Accepted Answer

A) are permanent solutions that protect erosional beaches. 
B) must be built in conjunction with beach nourishment. 
C) are a temporary solution that decreases the rate of beach erosion. 
D) have the added benefit of allowing organic coasts to develop. 
A) are permanent solutions that protect erosional beaches. 
B) must be built in conjunction with beach nourishment. 
C) are a temporary solution that decreases the rate of beach erosion. 
D) have the added benefit of allowing organic coasts to develop.

Question 13

During a rising tide, the

Accepted Answer

A) coast is emergent. 
B) coast is submergent. 
C) shoreline moves seaward. 
D) shoreline moves inland. 
A) coast is emergent. 
B) coast is submergent. 
C) shoreline moves seaward. 
D) shoreline moves inland.

Question 14

Many rocky coasts occur along active margins. This is because

Accepted Answer

A) active margins are associated with larger storms, which cause more erosion of sediment, leading to fewer beaches. 
B) subduction along active margins consumes coastal sediments. 
C) active margins often experience repeated uplift, and thus the waves have not had sufficient time to erode the land surface down to sea level. 
D) active margins tend to have far fewer streams that feed sediment to the oceans; thus, there is not enough sand to create beaches. 
A) active margins are associated with larger storms, which cause more erosion of sediment, leading to fewer beaches. 
B) subduction along active margins consumes coastal sediments. 
C) active margins often experience repeated uplift, and thus the waves have not had sufficient time to erode the land surface down to sea level. 
D) active margins tend to have far fewer streams that feed sediment to the oceans; thus, there is not enough sand to create beaches.

Question 15

Why is it NOT a good idea to build on barrier islands?

Accepted Answer

Barrier islands are temporary features b

Question 16

Which type of coastline would most likely contain estuaries or fjords?

Accepted Answer

A) subductive 
B) emergent 
C) submergent 
D) divergent 
A) subductive 
B) emergent 
C) submergent 
D) divergent

Question 17

Active continental margins

Accepted Answer

A) are characterized by narrow continental shelves. 
B) are characterized by gradual continental slopes. 
C) lack accretionary prisms. 
D) are characterized by the presence of a spreading center immediately off shore. 
A) are characterized by narrow continental shelves. 
B) are characterized by gradual continental slopes. 
C) lack accretionary prisms. 
D) are characterized by the presence of a spreading center immediately off shore.

Question 18

Which location on the figure below is the continental slope?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D

Question 19

What is formed when layers of turbidites accumulate?

Accepted Answer

A) accretionary prisms 
B) submarine canyons 
C) continental margins 
D) submarine fans 
A) accretionary prisms 
B) submarine canyons 
C) continental margins 
D) submarine fans

Question 20

Sea level is currently rising at 3.2 mm/yr, and scientists predict that global warming could cause a rise in sea level of 7 m if left unabated. How long will it take the sea to rise 7 m at the current rate?

Accepted Answer

A) 2,121 years 
B) 0.0004 year 
C) 2.121 years 
D) 0.47 year 
A) 2,121 years 
B) 0.0004 year 
C) 2.121 years 
D) 0.47 year

Exam 16: Marine Geology: the Study of Ocean Basins and Coasts

A coast that grows seaward as a result of regular sedimentation is a(n)

Which of the following features is characteristic of a rocky coast?

The picture below shows the fjords of Norway. This is an example of a(n)

What are estuaries and how do they form?

The active continental margin is located at the

A(n) __________ is a vegetated, flat-lying stretch of coast that floods at high tide, becomes particularly exposed at low tide, and does not feel the impact of strong waves.

How is an erosional coast different from an accretionary coast?

What is a longshore drift? Why does this take place? Illustrate this phenomenon.

What will eventually happen to the headlands in the figure below?

A coral reef would MOST likely be found

Some beaches are maintained by artificially increasing the rate of sediment supply using a procedure known as

Structures-like jetties, groins, and breakwaters-that are designed to prevent beach erosion

During a rising tide, the

Many rocky coasts occur along active margins. This is because

Why is it NOT a good idea to build on barrier islands?

Which type of coastline would most likely contain estuaries or fjords?

Active continental margins

Which location on the figure below is the continental slope?

What is formed when layers of turbidites accumulate?

Sea level is currently rising at 3.2 mm/yr, and scientists predict that global warming could cause a rise in sea level of 7 m if left unabated. How long will it take the sea to rise 7 m at the current rate?

The Earth in Context

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

A Surface Veneer: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks

A Process of Change: Metamorphism and the Rock Cycle

Crags, Cracks, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Riches in Rock: Energy and Mineral Resources

Shaping the Earths Surface: Landscapes, the Hydrologic Cycle, and Mass Wasting

Freshwater: Streams, Lakes, and Groundwater

Extreme Realms: Desert and Glacial Landscapes

Ocean Waters: the Blue of the Blue Marble

The Air We Breathe: Introducing Earths Atmosphere

Winds of the World: the Earths Major Weather Systems

Thunderstorms, Tornadoes, and Local Weather Systems

Climate and Climate Change

Our Solar System and Beyond

Our Neighborhood in Space

The Sun, Stars, and Deep Space

Prelude: Welcome to Earth Science

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