Exam 8: B Part 2creating a Safe and Healthy Work Environment
Communicable diseases are covered in occupational health and safety legislation.
True
Briefly describe the duties of employers,supervisors and workers under the health and safety legislation.
The fundamental duty of every employer is to take every reasonable precaution to ensure employee safety.In addition to providing a hazard-free workplace and complying with the applicable statutes and regulations,employers must inform their employees about safety and health requirements.Employers are also required to keep certain records,compile an annual summary of work-related injuries and illnesses,and ensure that supervisors are familiar with the work and its associated hazards.Employers in all jurisdictions are required to report accidents that cause injuries and diseases to the Workers' Compensation Board.Accidents resulting in death or critical injuries must be reported immediately;the accident must then be investigated and a written report submitted.Finally,employers must provide safety training and be prepared to discipline employees for failing to comply with safety rules.Supervisors are required to advise employees of potential workplace hazards;ensure that workers use or wear safety equipment,devices,or clothing;provide written instructions where applicable;and take every reasonable precaution to guarantee the safety of workers.
Employees are required to comply with all applicable acts and regulations,report hazardous conditions or defective equipment;and follow all employer safety and health rules and regulations,including those prescribing the use of protective equipment.
The employees at ABC have had heavy workloads over the past year,due to downsizing.The ABC CEO wants to introduce a stress management program that would control the consequences of this stress.Describe types of stress management programs that would help employees cope more effectively with the physiological and/or psychological consequences of stress.
Relaxation and meditation programs.Relaxation and meditation programs help employees adjust their physiological response to the stressor and stress perception.In relaxation,breathing exercises,and visualization,the objective is to achieve a relaxation response in which heart rate,blood pressure,muscle tension,and breathing rate decrease.Meditation is a variation of relaxation involving a specific sitting position,and sometimes,a special repetitive chant.Relaxation and meditation programs are effective in reducing blood pressure levels and muscle tension.
Fitness and lifestyle programs.Corporate fitness programs include aerobics classes,team sports,swimming,weight lifting,and other activities found at private fitness centres.These programs help employees lower their respiration,muscle tension,heartbeat,and stomach acidity,thereby reducing the physiological consequences of stress.Lifestyle programs train employees and reinforce their behaviour in better nutrition and fitness,regular sleep,and other good health habits.A typical lifestyle program might help employees stop smoking and offer seminars about alcohol abuse.Fitness and lifestyle programs are known to reduce employee absenteeism,stress anxiety,and the risk of cardiovascular disease.Employees also reduce their smoking habits and develop better health attitudes.
Employee counseling.Many organizations have introduced employee assistance programs (EAPs)to help employees with stressful life experiences and to overcome ineffective coping mechanisms such as alcoholism.Broad-brush programs counsel employees on most work or personal problems.They often help employees overcome dysfunctional stress-coping strategies,such as alcoholism.
Social support.Social support helps employees cope with the consequences of stress by building their self-esteem and perceived ability to cope with the stressor,and by feeling comfort by being with others in trying times.
Other programs may include coping skills,listening skills,methods of dealing with difficult people,time management,and assertiveness.
Improved employee health is associated with lower levels of absenteeism,increased efficiency,and better morale.
There is a positive correlation between good physical health and the ability to cope with stressors.
A consequence of sealing windows,reducing outside air,and "buttoning up" buildings is the "sick building syndrome".
The requirements for risk assessment,procedures and policies,the duty to respond to incidents and to instruct workers are based on the recognition of violence in the workplace as an occupational hazard.
According to statistics,after an injured worker has been off work for 12 months,there is less than a 20 percent chance they will return to work.
Occupational health and safety is regulated by individual companies in the jurisdiction in which they operate.
A Material Safety Data Sheet is designed to alert the worker that the container holds a potentially hazardous substance.
In recent years,hazards in jobs outside the plant,such as offices and airports,have been recognized and preventive methods have been adopted.
The criminal code has been changed to make it easier to bring criminal charges against employers when a worker is injured or killed on the job.
Some organizations have created formal crisis management teams to respond to violent situations.
An organization with a formal safety program generally has an employee management safety committee.
You have just been asked by your department manager to write a violence prevention policy for your department.What areas should be covered in the policy? Include a statement of how a threat to another employee should be handled.
Most organizations have safety awareness programs that entail the use of several different media.
If one is to help an alcoholic,it is necessary to awaken the individual to the reality of the condition.
The use of posters in safety awareness programs has proven to be NOT effective because employees simply don't pay attention to them.
Workplace security is an issue that is of increasing concern to both employers and employees.
Safety training programs include first aid,accident prevention,and hazardous materials.
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