Exam 9: Court Issues and Practices

Historically the courts followed a "hands-off" policy regarding prisons and prisoners' rights,deeming prisoners to be "slaves of the state."

When an inmate claims that the conditions of his or her confinement violate the Eighth Amendment,he or she must show a culpable state of mind on the part of prison officials.

The _________ _____________concept originated in the federal prison system in the 1970s and now is used in nearly every state to control prisons.

The 2005 Supreme Court decision to establish sentencing policies and guidelines for the federal criminal justice system was rendered in ______________________.

Ruffin v.Virginia included the rather famous statement that "There is no iron curtain drawn between the Constitution and the prisons of this country."

Which of the following is not a feature of the direct supervision jail?

The unit management concept now assists nearly every state in controlling prisons.

Lawsuits,both criminal and civil,have arguably resulted in greater safety and a better quality of life in the United States; the fact remains that the weight of this litigation has imposed a tremendous workload on the nation's courts.Will the increasing use of alternative dispute resolution (ADR),or any means of settling disputes outside of court,make the same contributions? Explain your answer.

_____________ is not binding or adversarial; instead,it encourages parties to resolve the dispute outside of court.

Veterans' courts are spreading across the United States to help veterans reintegrate into civilian life.

Alternative dispute resolution (ADR)is appropriate when:

One of the four main parts of the Prison Litigation Reform Act is the filing fee requirement; it mandates:

The simpler procedure for scheduling cases is the ___________ ___________ _________, where a case is assigned to a single judge who oversees all aspects of it.

___________ ____________courts are special courts created to accommodate persons with specific needs and problems,such as drug,veteran,and mentally ill offenders.

It is easier to pinpoint case delays with the individual calendar system.

According to the Prison Litigation Reform Act,an inmate must first try to resolve his or her complaint through the prison's grievance procedure before filing a lawsuit.

About how many states require cases to be dismissed if a defendant failed to receive a speedy trial?

The administration of _________is frequently one of the major tasks of county sheriffs.

The Prison Litigation Reform Act was enacted in an attempt to:

Television programs are creating certain expectations about criminal cases in general and investigations in specific terms.