Question 1

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Due to anti-employment discrimination legislation that was passed in the early 1960s, there was a large increase in the earnings of women relative to men in the 1960s and 1970s. 
B)  The female/male earnings ratio for full-time workers has been virtually constant since 1980. 
C)  The number of women preparing for careers as professionals has increased substantially since the 1980s. 
D)  In recent years only about 40 percent of those completing college degrees were women. 
A)  Due to anti-employment discrimination legislation that was passed in the early 1960s, there was a large increase in the earnings of women relative to men in the 1960s and 1970s. 
B)  The female/male earnings ratio for full-time workers has been virtually constant since 1980. 
C)  The number of women preparing for careers as professionals has increased substantially since the 1980s. 
D)  In recent years only about 40 percent of those completing college degrees were women.

Question 2

Which of the following is true about those graduating with college degrees?

Accepted Answer

A)  The proportion of college degrees earned by women has been declining in recent decades. 
B)  The proportion of college degrees earned by women has been virtually constant during the last four decades. 
C)  In 2008, only about 42 percent of those graduating from college were women. 
D)  In 2008, only about 42 percent of those graduating from college were men. 
A)  The proportion of college degrees earned by women has been declining in recent decades. 
B)  The proportion of college degrees earned by women has been virtually constant during the last four decades. 
C)  In 2008, only about 42 percent of those graduating from college were women. 
D)  In 2008, only about 42 percent of those graduating from college were men.

Question 3

Since the 1970s, the percentage of women preparing for careers in professions has been ____, while the female/male earnings ratio has been ____ during this same period.

Accepted Answer

A)  rising; declining 
B)  rising; increasing 
C)  falling; increasing 
D)  falling; declining 
A)  rising; declining 
B)  rising; increasing 
C)  falling; increasing 
D)  falling; declining

Question 4

The F/M earnings ratio for full-time workers

Accepted Answer

A)  has been steadily declining. 
B)  has been roughly constant since 1980. 
C)  has increased significantly since 1980. 
D)  increased until 1980, but it has declined steadily during the last two decades. 
A)  has been steadily declining. 
B)  has been roughly constant since 1980. 
C)  has increased significantly since 1980. 
D)  increased until 1980, but it has declined steadily during the last two decades.

Question 5

In 1961, ____ percent of college degrees were earned by women.

Accepted Answer

A)  19 
B)  29 
C)  39 
D)  51 
A)  19 
B)  29 
C)  39 
D)  51

Question 6

In the years ahead we can expect the F/M earnings ratio to

Accepted Answer

A)  remain constant. 
B)  continue to increase. 
C)  continue to increase until 2020, when the 'baby boom" generation retires" and then level off. 
D)  decline. 
A)  remain constant. 
B)  continue to increase. 
C)  continue to increase until 2020, when the 'baby boom" generation retires" and then level off. 
D)  decline.

Question 7

The proportion of degrees earned by women in which of the following fields has increased since 1970?

Accepted Answer

A)  economics 
B)  engineering 
C)  architecture 
D)  all of the above 
A)  economics 
B)  engineering 
C)  architecture 
D)  all of the above

Question 8

When employment discrimination results from the personal prejudices of employers, economic theory suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  employers who discriminate will have lower production costs. 
B)  the wages of employees who are discriminated against will rise. 
C)  employers who discriminate will have the same production costs as those who do not discriminate. 
D)  employers who discriminate will have lower profits. 
A)  employers who discriminate will have lower production costs. 
B)  the wages of employees who are discriminated against will rise. 
C)  employers who discriminate will have the same production costs as those who do not discriminate. 
D)  employers who discriminate will have lower profits.

Question 9

Women earn less on average than men. Which of the following would be the logical conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women must be the victim of employment discrimination. 
B)  Women must be less productive. 
C)  Men must be more highly motivated and materialistic. 
D)  Without consideration of preferences and productivity factors, differences in unadjusted mean earnings do not necessarily reflect employment discrimination. 
A)  Women must be the victim of employment discrimination. 
B)  Women must be less productive. 
C)  Men must be more highly motivated and materialistic. 
D)  Without consideration of preferences and productivity factors, differences in unadjusted mean earnings do not necessarily reflect employment discrimination.

Question 10

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The proportion of college degrees earned by women has been virtually unchanged during the last four decades. 
B)  There was a substantial increase in the earnings of women relative to men in the 1960s and 1970s following the passage of legislation prohibiting employment discrimination against women. 
C)  The number of women preparing for careers as professionals has declined during the last two decades. 
D)  In 2010, 57 percent of those completing college degrees were women. 
A)  The proportion of college degrees earned by women has been virtually unchanged during the last four decades. 
B)  There was a substantial increase in the earnings of women relative to men in the 1960s and 1970s following the passage of legislation prohibiting employment discrimination against women. 
C)  The number of women preparing for careers as professionals has declined during the last two decades. 
D)  In 2010, 57 percent of those completing college degrees were women.

Question 11

The hourly earnings of full-time working women were a little more than what percent of those of their male counterparts in 2007?

Accepted Answer

A)  60 percent 
B)  70 percent 
C)  80 percent 
D)  90 percent 
A)  60 percent 
B)  70 percent 
C)  80 percent 
D)  90 percent

Question 12

During the decade following the passage of the 1962 equal pay legislation and the 1964 civil rights legislation,

Accepted Answer

A)  the male/female wage differential became much smaller. 
B)  the male/female wage differential became much larger. 
C)  there was little change in the earnings of women relative to men. 
D)  the educational choices of women and men became less similar. 
A)  the male/female wage differential became much smaller. 
B)  the male/female wage differential became much larger. 
C)  there was little change in the earnings of women relative to men. 
D)  the educational choices of women and men became less similar.

Question 13

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Employers who discriminate against women will have lower costs than rival firms that hire employees strictly on the basis of merit (productivity). 
B)  If employers can hire equally productive female employees at a lower wage than males, the profit motive gives them a strong incentive to do so. 
C)  The female/male earnings ratio is higher for persons who are married than for those who remain single. 
D)  Both a and c are true. 
A)  Employers who discriminate against women will have lower costs than rival firms that hire employees strictly on the basis of merit (productivity). 
B)  If employers can hire equally productive female employees at a lower wage than males, the profit motive gives them a strong incentive to do so. 
C)  The female/male earnings ratio is higher for persons who are married than for those who remain single. 
D)  Both a and c are true.

Question 14

In 2010, ____ percent of college degrees were earned by women.

Accepted Answer

A)  27 
B)  37 
C)  47 
D)  57 
A)  27 
B)  37 
C)  47 
D)  57

Question 15

The earnings difference between men who have never been married and women is

Accepted Answer

A)  significantly less than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
B)  about the same as the earnings difference between married men and women. 
C)  significantly more than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
D)  modestly more than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
A)  significantly less than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
B)  about the same as the earnings difference between married men and women. 
C)  significantly more than the earnings difference between married men and women. 
D)  modestly more than the earnings difference between married men and women.

Question 16

"If it were not for employment discrimination against women, the average earnings of men and women would be equal." Is this statement true or false?

Accepted Answer

Earnings differences between men and wom

Question 17

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Due to anti-employment discrimination legislation that was passed in the early 1960s, there was a large increase in the earnings of women relative to men in the 1960s and 1970s. 
B)  The female/male earnings ratio for full-time workers rose substantially between 1980 and 2010. 
C)  The number of women preparing for careers as professionals has declined during the last two decades. 
D)  In 2010, only about 42 percent of those completing college degrees were women. 
A)  Due to anti-employment discrimination legislation that was passed in the early 1960s, there was a large increase in the earnings of women relative to men in the 1960s and 1970s. 
B)  The female/male earnings ratio for full-time workers rose substantially between 1980 and 2010. 
C)  The number of women preparing for careers as professionals has declined during the last two decades. 
D)  In 2010, only about 42 percent of those completing college degrees were women.

Question 18

Women earn less on average than men. Which of the following would be the logical conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women must be the victim of employment discrimination. 
B)  Women must be less productive. 
C)  Men must be more highly motivated and materialistic. 
D)  Without consideration of preferences and productivity factors, differences in unadjusted mean earnings do not necessarily reflect employment discrimination. 
A)  Women must be the victim of employment discrimination. 
B)  Women must be less productive. 
C)  Men must be more highly motivated and materialistic. 
D)  Without consideration of preferences and productivity factors, differences in unadjusted mean earnings do not necessarily reflect employment discrimination.

Question 19

When employment discrimination results from the personal prejudices of employers, economic theory suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  it is costless for employers to discriminate against groups they do not like. 
B)  the wages of employees who are discriminated against will rise. 
C)  an employer who discriminates will experience higher costs. 
D)  discrimination by an employer will reduce production costs since the employer can pay lower wages. 
A)  it is costless for employers to discriminate against groups they do not like. 
B)  the wages of employees who are discriminated against will rise. 
C)  an employer who discriminates will experience higher costs. 
D)  discrimination by an employer will reduce production costs since the employer can pay lower wages.

Question 20

The share of college degrees earned by women was ____ in 2010 compared to ____ in 1961.

Accepted Answer

A)  50 percent; 50 percent 
B)  47 percent; 30 percent 
C)  57 percent; 39 percent 
D)  51 percent; 48 percent 
A)  50 percent; 50 percent 
B)  47 percent; 30 percent 
C)  57 percent; 39 percent 
D)  51 percent; 48 percent

Special Topic 11 : Earnings Differences Between Men and Women

Which of the following is true?

Which of the following is true about those graduating with college degrees?

Since the 1970s, the percentage of women preparing for careers in professions has been ____, while the female/male earnings ratio has been ____ during this same period.

The F/M earnings ratio for full-time workers

In 1961, ____ percent of college degrees were earned by women.

In the years ahead we can expect the F/M earnings ratio to

The proportion of degrees earned by women in which of the following fields has increased since 1970?

When employment discrimination results from the personal prejudices of employers, economic theory suggests that

Women earn less on average than men. Which of the following would be the logical conclusion?

Which of the following is true?

The hourly earnings of full-time working women were a little more than what percent of those of their male counterparts in 2007?

During the decade following the passage of the 1962 equal pay legislation and the 1964 civil rights legislation,

Which of the following is true?

In 2010, ____ percent of college degrees were earned by women.

The earnings difference between men who have never been married and women is

"If it were not for employment discrimination against women, the average earnings of men and women would be equal." Is this statement true or false?

Which of the following is true?

Women earn less on average than men. Which of the following would be the logical conclusion?

When employment discrimination results from the personal prejudices of employers, economic theory suggests that

The share of college degrees earned by women was ____ in 2010 compared to ____ in 1961.

The Economic Approach

A : Some Tools of the Economist

B : Some Tools of the Economist

A : Supply, Demand, and the Market Process

B : Supply, Demand, and the Market Process

A : Supply and Demand: Applications and Extensions

B : Supply and Demand: Applications and Extensions

Difficult Cases for the Market and the Role of Government

The Economics of Collective Decision-Making

A : Taking the Nations Economic Pulse

B : Taking the Nations Economic Pulse

Economic Fluctuations, Unemployment, and Inflation

A : an Introduction to Basic Macroeconomic Markets

B : an Introduction to Basic Macroeconomic Markets

Dynamic Change, Economic Fluctuations, and the Ad-As Model

Fiscal Policy: the Keynesian View and Historical Perspective

Fiscal Policy, Incentives, and Secondary Effects

A : Money and the Banking System

B : Money and the Banking System

Modern Macroeconomics and Monetary Policy

Stabilization Policy, Output, and Employment

Creating an Environment for Growth and Prosperity

Institutions, Policies, and Cross-Country Differences in Income and Growth

Gaining From International Trade

International Finance and the Foreign Exchange Market

Consumer Choice and Elasticity

A : Costs and the Supply of Goods

B : Costs and the Supply of Goods

A : Price Takers and the Competitive Process

B : Price Takers and the Competitive Process

Price-Searcher Markets With Low Entry Barriers

A : Price-Searcher Markets With High Entry Barriers

B : Price-Searcher Markets With High Entry Barriers

The Supply of and Demand for Productive Resources

Earnings, Productivity, and the Job Market

Investment, the Capital Market, and the Wealth of Nations

Income Inequality and Poverty

Special Topic 1 : Government Spending and Taxation

Special Topic 2 : The Economics of Social Security

Special Topic 3 : The Stock Market: Its Function, Performance, and Potential as an Investment Opportunity

Special Topic 4 : Great Debates in Economics: Keynes Versus Hayek

Special Topic 5 : The Crisis of 2008: Causes and Lessons for the Future

Special Topic 6 : Lessons from the Great Depression

Special Topic 7 : Lessons from Japan and Canada

Special Topic 8 : The Federal Budget and the National Debt

Special Topic 9 : The Economics of Healthcare

Special Topic 10 : Education: Problems and Performance

Special Topic 12 : Do Labor Unions Increase the Wages of Workers?

Special Topic 13 : The Question of Resource Exhaustion

Special Topic 14 : Difficult Environmental Cases and the Role of Government

Filters

Since the 1970s, the percentage of women preparing for careers in professions has been , while the female/male earnings ratio has been during this same period.

The share of college degrees earned by women was in 2010 compared to in 1961.