Question 1

Reflexes based on synapses formed during development are ________ reflexes.

Accepted Answer

A) visceral 
B) innate 
C) acquired 
D) somatic 
E) vegetative 
A) visceral 
B) innate 
C) acquired 
D) somatic 
E) vegetative B

Question 2

The loss of feeling and movement of the legs is termed

Accepted Answer

A) paraplegia. 
B) hemiplegia. 
C) spinal shock. 
D) quadriplegia. 
E) spinal transection. 
A) paraplegia. 
B) hemiplegia. 
C) spinal shock. 
D) quadriplegia. 
E) spinal transection. A

Question 3

If the dorsal root of a spinal nerve is severed,

Accepted Answer

A) output to skeletal muscles would be blocked. 
B) output to visceral organs would be blocked. 
C) the spinal cord would not be able to process information at that level. 
D) the brain would not be able to communicate with that level of the spinal cord. 
E) sensory input would be blocked. 
A) output to skeletal muscles would be blocked. 
B) output to visceral organs would be blocked. 
C) the spinal cord would not be able to process information at that level. 
D) the brain would not be able to communicate with that level of the spinal cord. 
E) sensory input would be blocked. E

Question 4

Suppose that you feel something brushing against your abdomen.The sensory information would be carried to the spinal cord over a(n)________ ramus.

Accepted Answer

A) dorsal 
B) sympathetic 
C) lateral 
D) ventral 
E) ascending 
A) dorsal 
B) sympathetic 
C) lateral 
D) ventral 
E) ascending

Question 5

A dorsal and ventral root of each spinal segment unite to form a

Accepted Answer

A) cervical enlargement. 
B) lumbar enlargement. 
C) spinal nerve. 
D) spinal meninx. 
E) spinal ganglion. 
A) cervical enlargement. 
B) lumbar enlargement. 
C) spinal nerve. 
D) spinal meninx. 
E) spinal ganglion.

Question 6

Reflexes that activate muscles on the same side of the body as the stimulus are called

Accepted Answer

A) contralateral. 
B) ipsilateral. 
C) commensual. 
D) involuntary. 
E) parasympathetic. 
A) contralateral. 
B) ipsilateral. 
C) commensual. 
D) involuntary. 
E) parasympathetic.

Question 7

The spinal cord consists of four regions and ________ segments.

Accepted Answer

A) five 
B) twelve 
C) twenty-five 
D) thirty-one 
E) The number varies widely among individuals. 
A) five 
B) twelve 
C) twenty-five 
D) thirty-one 
E) The number varies widely among individuals.

Question 8

The obturator nerve is distributed to the

Accepted Answer

A) adductors of the hip. 
B) skin over the perineum. 
C) extensors of the hip. 
D) skin over buttocks. 
E) biceps femoris. 
A) adductors of the hip. 
B) skin over the perineum. 
C) extensors of the hip. 
D) skin over buttocks. 
E) biceps femoris.

Question 9

The dorsal root ganglia mainly contain

Accepted Answer

A) axons of motor neurons. 
B) axons of sensory neurons. 
C) cell bodies of motor neurons. 
D) cell bodies of sensory neurons. 
E) synapses. 
A) axons of motor neurons. 
B) axons of sensory neurons. 
C) cell bodies of motor neurons. 
D) cell bodies of sensory neurons. 
E) synapses.

Question 10

Nerve tracts or fasciculi make up the

Accepted Answer

A) central canal. 
B) posterior gray horns. 
C) gray commissures. 
D) white columns. 
E) anterior gray horns. 
A) central canal. 
B) posterior gray horns. 
C) gray commissures. 
D) white columns. 
E) anterior gray horns.

Question 11

The outermost connective-tissue covering of nerves is the

Accepted Answer

A) endoneurium. 
B) endomysium. 
C) perineurium. 
D) epineurium. 
E) epimysium. 
A) endoneurium. 
B) endomysium. 
C) perineurium. 
D) epineurium. 
E) epimysium.

Question 12

Figure 13-2 Spinal Nerves
Use Figure 13-2 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled "2."

Accepted Answer

A) ventral root 
B) dorsal ramus 
C) spinal nerve 
D) ventral ramus 
E) white ramus 
A) ventral root 
B) dorsal ramus 
C) spinal nerve 
D) ventral ramus 
E) white ramus

Question 13

The white matter of the spinal cord is mainly

Accepted Answer

A) unmyelinated axons. 
B) neuroglia. 
C) Schwann cells. 
D) myelinated axons. 
E) nodes of Ranvier. 
A) unmyelinated axons. 
B) neuroglia. 
C) Schwann cells. 
D) myelinated axons. 
E) nodes of Ranvier.

Question 14

The anterior horns of the spinal cord contain mainly

Accepted Answer

A) sensory nuclei. 
B) somatic motor nuclei. 
C) autonomic motor nuclei. 
D) nerve tracts. 
E) sympathetic nuclei. 
A) sensory nuclei. 
B) somatic motor nuclei. 
C) autonomic motor nuclei. 
D) nerve tracts. 
E) sympathetic nuclei.

Question 15

Blood vessels traveling within the ________ space deliver oxygen and nutrients to the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A) dura mater 
B) central 
C) epidural 
D) subdural 
E) subarachnoid 
A) dura mater 
B) central 
C) epidural 
D) subdural 
E) subarachnoid

Question 16

While playing football,Ramón is tackled hard,and as he tries to get up,he finds that he has difficulty flexing and adducting his left thigh and extending his left leg.Which nerve innervating the lower limb may be damaged,and how would the damage affect sensory perception in Ramón's left leg?

Accepted Answer

Ramón has a damaged left femoral nerve.T

Question 17

Spinal nerves from the sacral region of the cord innervate the ________ muscles.

Accepted Answer

A) shoulder 
B) intercostal 
C) abdominal 
D) leg 
E) facial 
A) shoulder 
B) intercostal 
C) abdominal 
D) leg 
E) facial

Question 18

The posterior horns of the spinal cord contain mainly

Accepted Answer

A) sensory nuclei. 
B) somatic motor nuclei. 
C) autonomic motor nuclei. 
D) nerve tracts. 
E) sympathetic nuclei. 
A) sensory nuclei. 
B) somatic motor nuclei. 
C) autonomic motor nuclei. 
D) nerve tracts. 
E) sympathetic nuclei.

Question 19

In a(n)________ reflex,a sensory neuron synapses directly on a motor neuron.

Accepted Answer

A) monosynaptic 
B) ipsilateral 
C) commensual 
D) involuntary 
E) polysynaptic 
A) monosynaptic 
B) ipsilateral 
C) commensual 
D) involuntary 
E) polysynaptic

Question 20

The ________ separates the dura mater from the walls of the vertebral canal.

Accepted Answer

A) subdural space 
B) subarachnoid space 
C) epidural space 
D) venous dural sinus 
E) central canal 
A) subdural space 
B) subarachnoid space 
C) epidural space 
D) venous dural sinus 
E) central canal

Exam 13: The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

Reflexes based on synapses formed during development are ________ reflexes.

The loss of feeling and movement of the legs is termed

If the dorsal root of a spinal nerve is severed,

Suppose that you feel something brushing against your abdomen.The sensory information would be carried to the spinal cord over a(n)________ ramus.

A dorsal and ventral root of each spinal segment unite to form a

Reflexes that activate muscles on the same side of the body as the stimulus are called

The spinal cord consists of four regions and ________ segments.

The obturator nerve is distributed to the

The dorsal root ganglia mainly contain

Nerve tracts or fasciculi make up the

The outermost connective-tissue covering of nerves is the

Figure 13-2 Spinal Nerves Use Figure 13-2 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled "2."

The white matter of the spinal cord is mainly

The anterior horns of the spinal cord contain mainly

Blood vessels traveling within the ________ space deliver oxygen and nutrients to the spinal cord.

While playing football,Ramón is tackled hard,and as he tries to get up,he finds that he has difficulty flexing and adducting his left thigh and extending his left leg.Which nerve innervating the lower limb may be damaged,and how would the damage affect sensory perception in Ramón's left leg?

Spinal nerves from the sacral region of the cord innervate the ________ muscles.

The posterior horns of the spinal cord contain mainly

In a(n)________ reflex,a sensory neuron synapses directly on a motor neuron.

The ________ separates the dura mater from the walls of the vertebral canal.

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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