Question 1

Adipocytes produce a peptide hormone called ________ that acts on the hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

A) leptin 
B) grehlin 
C) lipase 
D) glucagon 
E) adipocin 
A) leptin 
B) grehlin 
C) lipase 
D) glucagon 
E) adipocin A

Question 2

The kidneys secrete

Accepted Answer

A) renin. 
B) erythropoietin. 
C) calcitriol. 
D) hormones to regulate sodium ion concentration. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) renin. 
B) erythropoietin. 
C) calcitriol. 
D) hormones to regulate sodium ion concentration. 
E) All of the answers are correct. E

Question 3

The specific target cells of the thyroid hormones,thyroxine and triiodothyronine are

Accepted Answer

A) the cells of the parathyroid glands. 
B) the cells of the pituitary gland. 
C) all cells of the body. 
D) the cells of the ovaries and testes. 
E) the cells of the thymus gland. 
A) the cells of the parathyroid glands. 
B) the cells of the pituitary gland. 
C) all cells of the body. 
D) the cells of the ovaries and testes. 
E) the cells of the thymus gland. C

Question 4

A simple endocrine reflex involves ________ hormone(s).

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) two 
C) hypothalamic 
D) gonadotropic 
E) tropic 
A) one 
B) two 
C) hypothalamic 
D) gonadotropic 
E) tropic

Question 5

Which problem is related to untreated diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

A) damage to the retina 
B) neuropathy 
C) gastric ulcers 
D) goiter 
E) retinal problems and nerve problems 
A) damage to the retina 
B) neuropathy 
C) gastric ulcers 
D) goiter 
E) retinal problems and nerve problems

Question 6

Excess secretion of growth hormone during early development will cause

Accepted Answer

A) dwarfism. 
B) rickets. 
C) gigantism. 
D) acromegaly. 
E) diabetes insipidus. 
A) dwarfism. 
B) rickets. 
C) gigantism. 
D) acromegaly. 
E) diabetes insipidus.

Question 7

Cells of the adrenal cortex produce

Accepted Answer

A) epinephrine. 
B) norepinephrine. 
C) aldosterone. 
D) ACTH. 
E) angiotensin. 
A) epinephrine. 
B) norepinephrine. 
C) aldosterone. 
D) ACTH. 
E) angiotensin.

Question 8

If the adenyl cyclase activity of liver cells were missing,which of these hormones could no longer stimulate release of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A) growth hormone 
B) glucagon 
C) cortisol 
D) thyroxine 
E) leptin 
A) growth hormone 
B) glucagon 
C) cortisol 
D) thyroxine 
E) leptin

Question 9

The pituitary hormone that stimulates cell growth and replication by accelerating protein synthesis is

Accepted Answer

A) ACTH. 
B) MSH. 
C) prolactin. 
D) insulin. 
E) somatotropin. 
A) ACTH. 
B) MSH. 
C) prolactin. 
D) insulin. 
E) somatotropin.

Question 10

When patients who are receiving glucocorticoid therapy (for example,with prednisone)need to stop taking it,the doctor will prescribe a series of doses of tapering size to gradually lower the dose rather than suddenly stop it.Explain this dosage strategy in terms of the negative feedback control of cortisol secretion.

Accepted Answer

Glucocorticoids inhibit the production o

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true about the pancreas?

Accepted Answer

A) The pancreas is tucked into the curvature of the small intestine,underneath the stomach. 
B) The pancreas produces enzymes for breakdown of foods. 
C) The main hormonal function of the pancreas is control of blood sugar. 
D) The pancreas affect's the functions of the liver. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) The pancreas is tucked into the curvature of the small intestine,underneath the stomach. 
B) The pancreas produces enzymes for breakdown of foods. 
C) The main hormonal function of the pancreas is control of blood sugar. 
D) The pancreas affect's the functions of the liver. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 12

Inability of the pancreas to produce insulin results in

Accepted Answer

A) acromegaly. 
B) goiter. 
C) diabetes mellitus. 
D) diabetes insipidus. 
E) Addison's disease. 
A) acromegaly. 
B) goiter. 
C) diabetes mellitus. 
D) diabetes insipidus. 
E) Addison's disease.

Question 13

Each of the following hormones is an amino acid derivative except

Accepted Answer

A) epinephrine. 
B) norepinephrine. 
C) thyroid hormone. 
D) testosterone. 
E) melatonin. 
A) epinephrine. 
B) norepinephrine. 
C) thyroid hormone. 
D) testosterone. 
E) melatonin.

Question 14

The inner portion of the suprarenal gland is the

Accepted Answer

A) cortex. 
B) interstitial tissue. 
C) medulla. 
D) stroma. 
E) capsule. 
A) cortex. 
B) interstitial tissue. 
C) medulla. 
D) stroma. 
E) capsule.

Question 15

If stress lasts longer than a few hours,an individual will enter the ________ phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS).

Accepted Answer

A) alarm 
B) resistance 
C) exhaustion 
D) extension 
E) prolonged 
A) alarm 
B) resistance 
C) exhaustion 
D) extension 
E) prolonged

Question 16

What does it mean to say that the pancreas is both an endocrine and an exocrine organ?

Accepted Answer

The pancreas contains both exocrine and

Question 17

Hormone release may be controlled by which of the following factors?

Accepted Answer

A) blood level of an ion like calcium 
B) blood level of glucose 
C) blood level of a hormone 
D) nervous stimuli 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) blood level of an ion like calcium 
B) blood level of glucose 
C) blood level of a hormone 
D) nervous stimuli 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 18

The endocrine system regulates physiological processes through the binding of hormones to ________ on target cells.

Accepted Answer

A) receptors 
B) endoplasmic reticula 
C) genes 
D) membranes 
E) microvilli 
A) receptors 
B) endoplasmic reticula 
C) genes 
D) membranes 
E) microvilli

Question 19

The hormone(s)that may be slowly administered by intravenous drip to accelerate labor and delivery is/are

Accepted Answer

A) oxytocin. 
B) prolactin. 
C) luteinizing hormone. 
D) none; only extra fluids are needed. 
E) both oxytocin and luteinizing hormone. 
A) oxytocin. 
B) prolactin. 
C) luteinizing hormone. 
D) none; only extra fluids are needed. 
E) both oxytocin and luteinizing hormone.

Question 20

The hormone that does the opposite of calcitonin is

Accepted Answer

A) insulin. 
B) glucagon. 
C) growth hormone. 
D) parathyroid hormone. 
E) thyroid hormone. 
A) insulin. 
B) glucagon. 
C) growth hormone. 
D) parathyroid hormone. 
E) thyroid hormone.

Exam 18: The Endocrine System

Adipocytes produce a peptide hormone called ________ that acts on the hypothalamus.

The kidneys secrete

The specific target cells of the thyroid hormones,thyroxine and triiodothyronine are

A simple endocrine reflex involves ________ hormone(s).

Which problem is related to untreated diabetes mellitus?

Excess secretion of growth hormone during early development will cause

Cells of the adrenal cortex produce

If the adenyl cyclase activity of liver cells were missing,which of these hormones could no longer stimulate release of glucose?

The pituitary hormone that stimulates cell growth and replication by accelerating protein synthesis is

Which of the following statements is true about the pancreas?

Inability of the pancreas to produce insulin results in

Each of the following hormones is an amino acid derivative except

The inner portion of the suprarenal gland is the

If stress lasts longer than a few hours,an individual will enter the ________ phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS).

What does it mean to say that the pancreas is both an endocrine and an exocrine organ?

Hormone release may be controlled by which of the following factors?

The endocrine system regulates physiological processes through the binding of hormones to ________ on target cells.

The hormone(s)that may be slowly administered by intravenous drip to accelerate labor and delivery is/are

The hormone that does the opposite of calcitonin is

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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