Exam 3: Individual Views of Delinquency: Choice and Trait

Erik Erikson coined the term ____________________ to refer to a psychological state in which youth face inner turmoil and uncertainty about life roles.

It is estimated that the average child views ____________ TV murders before finishing elementary school.

____________________ deterrence is demonstrated by sending convicted offenders to secure incarceration facilities so that punishment is severe enough to convince them not to repeat their criminal activity.

According to the text, behaviorism was popularized by Harvard professor:

A ___________________ is a particular location or address that is the site of repeated and frequent criminal activity.

According to the text, delinquents do not like to travel to commit crimes.

Beccaria and Bentham found that delinquents manifest physical anomalies that make them similar to our primitive ancestors

__________________ philosophers Beccaria and Bentham argued that people weigh the consequences of their actions before deciding on a course of action.

Compare and contrast nature theory and nurture theory.

Cognitive theory contends that the choice to commit delinquent acts can be controlled by the threat of punishment; if people believe illegal behavior will result in severe sanctions, they will choose not to commit crimes.

Lombroso's theory of criminal ___________________ reflects the idea that delinquents manifest physical anomalies that make them biologically and physiologically similar to our primitive ancestors, savage throwbacks to an earlier stage of human evolution.

According to ___________________ theory, predatory crimes are influenced by the intersection of three variables: availability of suitable targets, the presence of motivated offenders, and the absence of capable guardians.

__________________ theory states that delinquent acts are uncontrollable, irrational behaviors caused in part by an individual's mental and physical traits.

__________________ theory is the view that intelligence is determined by environmental stimulation and socialization.

Which of the following is not a symptom of ADHD?

Classical criminology suggests that delinquent acts, especially violent ones, are not rational choices but uncontrollable, irrational behaviors.

_____________________ are impulsive individuals who lack the ability to examine their own motives.

__________________ theory states that offenders are rational decision makers who choose to engage in antisocial activity because they believe their actions will be beneficial.

According to choice theorists, offenders:

The techniques of situational crime prevention include hardening targets, using surveillance, and more effective street lighting.