Exam 3: Individual Views of Delinquency: Choice and Trait

The volume and distribution of predatory crimes in a particular area and at a particular time is influenced by the interaction of three variables. Which of the following is not one of these variables?

Situational crime prevention aims to reduce opportunities to commit crimes by increasing the effort or the risks of criminal activity or by reducing the rewards attached to delinquent acts.

List and discuss the reasons discussed in the text as to why incarcerating delinquents may not reduce their crime rates.

Twin studies and adoption studies provide no evidence that delinquent-producing traits may be inherited.

_______________________ theory views crime as a "normal" function modern living.

A geographic location that is known to be the scene of repeated delinquent activity is called a:

____________________ theory is the view that intelligence is inherited and is a function of genetic makeup.

______________________ philosophers Beccaria and Bentham are identified as the core theorists of classical criminology.

Compare and contrast choice theory and routine activities theory. Provide examples.

__________________ is a personality trait marked by unfounded anxiety, tension, and emotional instability.

Which of the following theories best reflects the branch of psychology that holds that the human personality is controlled by unconscious mental processes developed early in childhood?

According to data from the Cambridge Youth Survey, fewer sons of noncriminal fathers become chronic offenders than youths with criminal fathers.

Cognitive theorists contend that chronically delinquent youths use fewer cues than most people to process information, use violence to get what they want, and react in a volatile fashion to the slightest provocation because they:

It has been suggested that children who manifest behavioral disturbances may have neurological deficits, such as damage to the hemispheres of the brain; this is sometimes referred to as:

According to specific deterrence if young offenders are punished severely, the experience will convince them not to repeat their illegal acts.

Lombroso found that delinquents manifest physical anomalies that make them similar to our primitive ancestors

According to the concept of ________________, if offenders are punished severely, the experience will convince them not to repeat their illegal acts.

A guiding principle of ____________________ is that the choice to commit delinquent acts can be controlled by the threat of punishment.

One aspect of ____________________ theory contends that children will model their behavior according to the reactions they receive from others; the behavior of adults, and the behavior they view on television and in the movies.

____________________ is a method that relies on reducing the opportunity to commit criminal acts by making them more difficult to perform, reducing their reward, and increasing their risks.