Question 1

The diamonds we see today do not display their natural crystal faces,but rather ____________,a typical engagement ring bearing 57 of them.

Accepted Answer

A) faces 
B) facets 
C) cleavage planes 
D) facades 
A) faces 
B) facets 
C) cleavage planes 
D) facades B

Question 2

For the majority of minerals,the streak color obtained when the mineral is scratched against a porcelain plate is ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) likely to be diagnostic only if the mineral is hard enough to scratch porcelain 
B) more variable than the color in a hand sample among crystals 
C) less variable than the color in a hand sample among crystals 
D) always dark brown or black 
A) likely to be diagnostic only if the mineral is hard enough to scratch porcelain 
B) more variable than the color in a hand sample among crystals 
C) less variable than the color in a hand sample among crystals 
D) always dark brown or black C

Question 3

The ____________ of new solid grains called _____________ results from oversaturated solutions.

Accepted Answer

A) precipitate;precipitation 
B) precipitation;precipitate 
A) precipitate;precipitation 
B) precipitation;precipitate B

Question 4

The internal ordering of mineral crystals is detected using ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) magnetic resonance imaging 
B) X-ray diffraction 
C) a scanning electron microscope (SEM) 
D) cathodized axial tomography 
A) magnetic resonance imaging 
B) X-ray diffraction 
C) a scanning electron microscope (SEM) 
D) cathodized axial tomography

Question 5

Two types of bonds that depend upon polarity are ____________ and ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen bonds;van der Waals bonds 
B) ionic bonds;covalent bonds 
C) hydrogen bonds;metallic bonds 
D) ionic bonds;van der Waals bonds 
A) hydrogen bonds;van der Waals bonds 
B) ionic bonds;covalent bonds 
C) hydrogen bonds;metallic bonds 
D) ionic bonds;van der Waals bonds

Question 6

The color of a mineral in powdered form is termed ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) color 
B) specific gravity 
C) luster 
D) streak 
A) color 
B) specific gravity 
C) luster 
D) streak

Question 7

With regard to minerals,hardness refers to ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) the ability to resist breaking when being struck with a hammer 
B) the ability to resist being scratched by other substances 
C) the ability to resist chemical reactions with other substances 
D) an absence of cleavage 
A) the ability to resist breaking when being struck with a hammer 
B) the ability to resist being scratched by other substances 
C) the ability to resist chemical reactions with other substances 
D) an absence of cleavage

Question 8

Two different distinct minerals may have the same chemical formula.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The most abundant minerals belong to chemical group termed the ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) silicates 
B) carbonates 
C) halides 
D) oxides 
A) silicates 
B) carbonates 
C) halides 
D) oxides

Question 10

How is chloride different from chlorine?

Accepted Answer

A) Chloride is chlorine's anion. 
B) Chloride has more protons than chlorine. 
C) Chloride has fewer protons than chlorine. 
D) A and B are correct. 
E)  A and C are correct. 
A) Chloride is chlorine's anion. 
B) Chloride has more protons than chlorine. 
C) Chloride has fewer protons than chlorine. 
D) A and B are correct. 
E)  A and C are correct.

Question 11

Most commercially exploited metals are extracted from the ground as native elements.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In which type of silicate are the greatest proportion of oxygen atoms shared by pairs of adjacent tetrahedra?

Accepted Answer

A) chain silicates 
B) framework silicates 
C) sheet silicates 
D) Sharing of oxygen atoms does not occur in silicates. 
A) chain silicates 
B) framework silicates 
C) sheet silicates 
D) Sharing of oxygen atoms does not occur in silicates.

Question 13

Gemstones are commonly found in pegmatites,which are igneous rocks that are ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) exceptionally mafic 
B) extrusive,forming from lava 
C) exceptionally coarse grained 
D) exceptionally fine grained 
A) exceptionally mafic 
B) extrusive,forming from lava 
C) exceptionally coarse grained 
D) exceptionally fine grained

Question 14

Minerals in geodes (see below)form spectacular euhedral crystals because ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) all of the elements incorporated in the crystals are in plentiful supply 
B) the crystals have abundant room to grow in their hollow surroundings 
C) minerals within geodes are always framework silicates 
D) minerals within geodes always contain iron 
A) all of the elements incorporated in the crystals are in plentiful supply 
B) the crystals have abundant room to grow in their hollow surroundings 
C) minerals within geodes are always framework silicates 
D) minerals within geodes always contain iron

Question 15

All minerals are held together by ionic bonds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Minerals that do not possess cleavage are said to possess ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) invulnerability 
B) fracture 
C) solidity 
D) massiveness 
A) invulnerability 
B) fracture 
C) solidity 
D) massiveness

Question 17

Minerals are all naturally occurring solid substances with a definable chemical composition.They must also possess ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) an ability to be synthesized in the laboratory as well as being found in nature 
B) metallic elements,such as iron,calcium,or magnesium 
C) metallic luster 
D) a fixed crystalline structure (spatial arrangement of atoms and ions) 
A) an ability to be synthesized in the laboratory as well as being found in nature 
B) metallic elements,such as iron,calcium,or magnesium 
C) metallic luster 
D) a fixed crystalline structure (spatial arrangement of atoms and ions)

Question 18

It is rare for mineral crystals to display any sort of symmetry (invariance of pattern with respect to a transformation,such as rotation or mirror-image reflection).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which common mineral is found in most kitchens?

Accepted Answer

A) flour 
B) sugar 
C) halite 
D) mustard 
A) flour 
B) sugar 
C) halite 
D) mustard

Question 20

The New Age practice of surrounding one's self with crystals has a strong positive effect on ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) mental health 
B) the immune system's response to illness 
C) the prospects for world peace 
D) the bank accounts of rock shop owners 
A) mental health 
B) the immune system's response to illness 
C) the prospects for world peace 
D) the bank accounts of rock shop owners

Exam 5: Patterns in Nature: Minerals

The diamonds we see today do not display their natural crystal faces,but rather ____________,a typical engagement ring bearing 57 of them.

For the majority of minerals,the streak color obtained when the mineral is scratched against a porcelain plate is ____________.

The ____________ of new solid grains called _____________ results from oversaturated solutions.

The internal ordering of mineral crystals is detected using ____________.

Two types of bonds that depend upon polarity are ____________ and ____________.

The color of a mineral in powdered form is termed ____________.

With regard to minerals,hardness refers to ____________.

Two different distinct minerals may have the same chemical formula.

The most abundant minerals belong to chemical group termed the ____________.

How is chloride different from chlorine?

Most commercially exploited metals are extracted from the ground as native elements.

In which type of silicate are the greatest proportion of oxygen atoms shared by pairs of adjacent tetrahedra?

Gemstones are commonly found in pegmatites,which are igneous rocks that are ____________.

Minerals in geodes (see below)form spectacular euhedral crystals because ____________.

All minerals are held together by ionic bonds.

Minerals that do not possess cleavage are said to possess ____________.

Minerals are all naturally occurring solid substances with a definable chemical composition.They must also possess ____________.

It is rare for mineral crystals to display any sort of symmetry (invariance of pattern with respect to a transformation,such as rotation or mirror-image reflection).

Which common mineral is found in most kitchens?

The New Age practice of surrounding one's self with crystals has a strong positive effect on ____________.

Cosmology and the Birth of Earth

Journey to the Center of the Earth

Drifting Continents and Spreading Seas

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rock

Pages of Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism: A Process of Change

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Cracks, crags, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Squeezing Power From a Stone: Energy Resources

Riches in Rock: Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: The Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

An Envelope of Gas: Earths Atmosphere and Climate

Dry Settings: the Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Filters

The of new solid grains called _ results from oversaturated solutions.

Two types of bonds that depend upon polarity are and .