Exam 6: Concurrent Processes

The ____ multiprocessing configuration features several complete computer systems,each with its own memory,I/O devices,CPU,and operating system.

The operation P in a semaphore scheme requires a(n)____ sequence to be performed as an indivisible action in a single machine cycle.

____ proposed a solution to the readers and writers problem that did not result in starvation for readers or writers.

When a compiler automatically detects instructions that can be performed in parallel,____ is in place.

When using the WAIT and SIGNAL operations,____ sets the process's process control block to the blocked state and links it to the queue of processes waiting to enter this particular critical region.

What is the name traditionally given to a semaphore that enforces the concept of mutual exclusion?

Test-and-set is a single indivisible machine instruction.In a single machine cycle,it tests to see if a key is available and,if it is,sets it to unavailable.

The ____ multiprocessing configuration is the most difficult to implement because the processes must be well synchronized to avoid races and deadlocks.

A problem with test-and-set is that when many processes are waiting to enter a critical region,____ can occur because the processes gain access in an arbitrary fashion.

The master/slave configuration is a symmetric multiprocessing system.

The primary disadvantage of the WAIT and SIGNAL operation set is that it does not address busy waiting.

Early programming languages did not support the creation of threads or the existence of concurrent processes.The Ada programming language was one of the first to do so.

A ____ of processing must be handled as a single unit.

____ semaphores are used in the solution to the readers and writers problem that does not involve starvation.

Parallel processing is a situation in which two or more processors operate in one system at the same time and may or may not work on related activities.

In its simplest form,Amdahl's Law maintains that if a given program would take one hour to run to completion with one processor,but 80 percent of the program had to run sequentially (and therefore could not be sped up by applying additional processors to it),then a resulting parallel program would run only a maximum of ____ percent faster.

The success of process synchronization hinges on the capability of the operating system to make a resource available to other processes while it is being used by one of them.

The source code of a Java program is first compiled into an intermediate language called Java ____,which are platform-independent.

The loosely coupled multiprocessing configuration features several complete computer systems,each with its own memory,I/O devices,CPU,and operating system.

Java uses both a compiler and an interpreter.